（全國(guó)版）2020版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 話題練 第8練 熱點(diǎn)話題練習(xí)（含解析）.docx

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第8練 熱點(diǎn)話題 基礎(chǔ)鞏固 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．Itisimpossiblefortheyoungcouple____________(buy) anewhouseinsuchamoderncity. 2．Thesurvey____________(conduct) bythatcompanyshowsthereisanincreaseincustomersatisfactionthisyear. 3．Nowadays，manypeoplearecrazyabouttheirmobilephones，____________(cause) someaccidents. 4．Childrenarefullof____________(curious) abouteverythingwhileadultstendtotakeeverythingforgranted. 5．Thereisnodoubtthatour____________(education) systemleavestoomuchtobedesired. 6．Thecasehasbroughttheproblemofchildabuse____________(sharp) intofocusagain. 7．Environmentalproblems____________(discuss) quitefrequentlyinthenewsthesedays. 8．InsomepoorAfricanareas，alotofchildrendieof____________(hungry) everyyear. 9．China’s____________(contribute) totheworldeconomyshouldbereflectedinhavingabiggervoiceintheworld. 10．Thepolicemanputdownthephone，____________(satisfy) withasmileonhisface. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤) 11．Imusttellhimthatplaycomputergamestoomuchisbadforhishealth，especiallyforhiseyes. 12．Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Theharderyouwork，thefewmistakesyou’llmake. 13．Pressureisaseriousproblemandthestudentsinourclassareundertoomanypressure. 14．Withmoreandmorecarscomeintoourfamilies，wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife. 15．Inordertobuildacivilizedcity，weshouldtryourbesttobehavegoodintheactivities. 16．However，somestudentsthinkWeChatwillaffecttheirstudyiftheyspendtoomuchtimeuseit. 17．Weshouldmakethebestofthatwehave. 18．I’mwritingtotellyoumoreaboutthenewformofsharingbike—mobikementioninginyourlatestletter. 19．Itisbecomingatrendasameansoftransportation，thatrelievesthetrafficpressureinthiscity. 20．Inmyopinion，Iaminfavorofcloningtheendangeredanimalsbutdisagreecloninghumanbeings. 話題詞匯 1．a(chǎn)nnounce v．宣告 2．a(chǎn)ttempt n．&v．嘗試 3．a(chǎn)ttitude n．態(tài)度 4．a(chǎn)ssociate...with...把……與……聯(lián)系起來 5．remark v．陳述，議論；n.評(píng)論，言論 6．a(chǎn)s a result of...因?yàn)椤? 7．respond v．做出回應(yīng) 8．routine n．慣例 9．draw wide public attention引起公眾的廣泛關(guān)注 10．deal with處理 能力提升 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 A (2018山東聊城一模) Ifsomepartsofabodyareverysickordamaged，thendoctorsmightneedtoremovethem.Anotherwaydoctorscanhelpistogrownewtissuetoreplacewhatissickordamaged.Thisiscalledregenerativemedicine(再生醫(yī)學(xué))． Regenerativemedicinesoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmoviebutitisnotanewidea.Insideourbones，wehavesomethingcalled“marrow”，whichmakesourbloodandkeepsushealthy.Doctorshavebeengivingsickpeoplethebonemarrowfromotherhealthypeopleforthelast30or40years，andthisisakindofregenerativemedicine. Newerdevelopmentsinregenerativemedicineincludegrowingnewskininalaboratoryandusingittohelppeoplewhohavebeenhurtinfiresoraccidents.Anotherexampleofregenerativemedicineisatechniquedevelopedfromstudyingfrogsandmice.Whencellsareold，likeinadults，theycan’tchangewhattheydoinourbodies.Forexample，askincellcan’tchangeintoaneyecell.Butwhencellsareveryyoung，theycanbecomeanycelltype.Theseyoungcellsarecalledstemcells，anddoctorscanusethemtogrowanytypeoftissue，suchasskin，heartoreye.JohnGurdonandShinyaYamanakawonthe2012NobelPrizefortheirstudiesinthisarea. ProfessorFionaWatt，fromtheCentreofRegenerativeMedicineatKing’sCollege，London，believesthatregenerativemedicineissoexcitingbecausemanydifferentkindsofexpertsneedtoworktogether.3Dprintersmaybeusedtoprintnewbonesbyexperts，whoneedtoworkcloselywithuniversityscientistsandthesurgeonswhodotheoperationsinhospitals. Wecannotyetgrownewarmsorlegsforpeople，butthesciencefictiondreamofregenerativemedicinemaybecloserthanwethink.Perhapsinthefuture，doctorswillbeabletogrowwholenewbodiesforus. 21．What’sthemainideaofthepassage? A．Howtohelpverysickordamagedpeople. B．Regenerativemedicineandsciencefiction. C．Wecangrowournewbodiesinthefuture. D．Regenerativemedicineanditsdevelopment. 22．Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothispassage? A．Marrowcanhelpgrownewbones. B．Stemcellscanbeusedtogrowanytypeoftissue. C．Surgeonsnowuse3Dprinterstoprintnewbones. D．Regenerativemedicineisanewscienceinmedicine. 23．What’sthewriter’sattitudetothedevelopmentinregenerativemedicine? A．Pessimistic. B．Optimistic. C．Doubtful. D．Indifferent. B (2018河南洛陽三模) Amazingconceptimageshaveshownwhathomesofthefuturecouldlooklike，aspreparationsaremadefortheworld’sfirstfreeform3Dprintedproperty(房產(chǎn))． ExpertswillbuildahousecalledCurveAppeal，whichwillbe3Dprintedoffsitebeforebeingputtogetheronsitetocreatetwooutsidewalls，aroofandaninsidepart.Thesefourmainsectionswillthenbejoinedtogether. Although3Dprintedbuildingshavebeenmadebefore，thishome—tobeconstructedinChattanooga，Tennessee，laterthisyear—willbethefirstofitskind，asitwillcontainnoregularshapesorangles.ThehouseisthecreationofthedesigncompanyWATG，basedinLondonandCalifornia.ThedesignforCurveAppealdrawsinspirationfromtheCaseStudyHouseprogram. Thearchitectsleadingtheprogramwerefamedforconstantlypushingthelimitsintermsofminimalist(極簡(jiǎn)主義) materials，andtryingtocreateopenplanspacesthatfocusedonenhancing(增強(qiáng)) naturallight.Inawrittenstatement，aspokesmanforWATGsaid，“Employingmanyofthesamemoderndesignprinciples，CurveAppealisthenextevolutionarystep.It’simportantthatthearchitectureandtheenvironmentworktogetherharmoniously.ThechosensiteisstepsawayfromtheTennesseeRiverinabeautifulwooded，sunlitarea.” WATGwasawardedthefirstprizeintheFreeformHomeDesignChallengein2016andgivenprizemoneyof$8,000tomakeitsplansareality.Thecompetitionwasaimedatarchitects，designers，engineersandartists.Participantswerechallengedtodesigna600to800sqftsinglefamilyhomethatrethinkstraditionalaesthetics(美學(xué))，ergonomics，construction，buildingsystemsandstructure. Overthelastyear，WATG’sChicagoofficehasbeendevelopingtheirdesignwithBranchTechnology.Thisprojectiscurrentlyunderway，workingtowardsbreakinggroundlaterthisyear.Oncecompleted，theCurveAppealhomewillhaveopenandlightfilledinsidelivingspaces. 24．FromthepassagewecanknowthatCurveAppeal________. A．willbedifferentfromanordinaryhouse B．isthefirst3Dprintedbuilding C．hasapparentwallsandaroof D．waseverbuiltintheworld 25．WhereisthearchitecturelocatedaccordingtoParagraph4? A．FarawayfromtheTennesseeRiver. B．InthewoodsneartheTennesseeRiver. C．BetweentheTennesseeRiverandthewoods. D．Nexttosomemodernarchitectures. 26．WhatdoestheFreeformHomeDesignChallengedo? A．Itmotivatesparticipantstodesignatrandom. B．Itemphasizestraditionsratherthanmodernization. C．Itsponsorscompetitorswhennecessary. D．Ithelpsputcreativeideasintopractice. 27．What’sthepassagemainlyabout? A．Whatourhomeswilllooklikeinthefuture. B．TheFreeformHomeDesignChallenge. C．Theworld’sfirstfreeform3Dprintedhouse. D．Thedevelopmentof3Dinarchitecture. Ⅳ.語法填空 AgraduationspeechgivenbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsbecameatalkingpointafterTheWashingtonPostpublishedit. Roberts28.______________(address) hisson’sninthgradegraduatingclass.Headvisedtheyounggraduates29.________(take) life’ssetbacksintheirstride(從容地)．Buthedidnotwish30.________(they) goodluck. “Now，thespeakerswilltypicallyalsowishyougoodluckandextendgood31.________(wish) toyou.Iwillnotdothat，andIwilltellyouwhy，”Robertssaid. “Fromtimetotime，intheyearstocome，Ihopeyouwillbetreated32.________(unfair)，sothatyouwillcometoknowthevalueofjustice.Sorrytosay，butIhopeyouwillbelonelyfromtimetotime，sothatyoudon’ttakefriends33.________granted.Iwishyoubadluckagain，fromtimetotime，sothatyouwillbeconsciousoftheroleofchanceinlifeandunderstandyoursuccessisnotcompletelydeservedand34.________thefailureofothersisnotcompletelydeservedeither.” Hecontinued，“Ihopeyou35.________(ignore)，soyouknowtheimportanceoflisteningtoothers,36.________Ihopeyouwillhavejustenoughpaintolearncompassion.” Intheend，eachgraduatereceivedapocketsizecopyoftheConstitution37.________(sign) byRoberts. 答案解析 Ⅰ.1.tobuy　2.conducted　3.causing　4.curiosity5.educational6．sharply　7.arediscussed　8.hunger　9.contribution10．satisfied Ⅱ.11.Imusttellhimthatcomputergamestoomuchisbadforhishealth，especiallyforhiseyes. 12．Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Theharderyouwork，themistakesyou’llmake. 13．Pressureisaseriousproblemandthestudentsinourclassareundertoopressure. 14．Withmoreandmorecarsintoourfamilies，wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife. 15．Inordertobuildacivilizedcity，weshouldtryourbesttobehaveintheactivities. 16．However，somestudentsthinkWeChatwillaffecttheirstudyiftheyspendtoomuchtimeit. 17．Weshouldmakethebestofwehave. 18．I’mwritingtotellyoumoreaboutthenewformofsharingbike—mobikeinyourlatestletter. 19．Itisbecomingatrendasameansoftransportation，relievesthetrafficpressureinthiscity. 20．Inmyopinion，Iaminfavorofcloningtheendangeredanimalsbutdisagreecloninghumanbeings. Ⅲ. 21．D　[主旨大意題。本文在第一段引入主題：This is called regenerative medicine(再生醫(yī)學(xué))；下文主要介紹了什么是再生醫(yī)學(xué)，再生醫(yī)學(xué)的具體應(yīng)用、發(fā)展過程及前景。故選D。] 22．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“These young cells are called stem cells，and doctors can use them to grow any type of tissue，such as skin，heart or eye.”可知，醫(yī)生可以用干細(xì)胞來培育任何類型的組織，故選B。] 23．B　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，再生醫(yī)學(xué)的科幻夢(mèng)可能比我們想象的更接近，也許在將來，醫(yī)生能夠?yàn)槲覀兣囵B(yǎng)出全新的身體。由此推斷，作者對(duì)再生醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展充滿希望，持樂觀的態(tài)度。故選B。] 24．A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal，which will be 3Dprinted offsite before being put together onsite...”由此可知，Curve Appeal不同于一般的房子。故A項(xiàng)正確。] 25．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded，sunlit area.”可知，該建筑位于田納西河附近的樹林里。故B項(xiàng)正確。] 26．D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，該競(jìng)賽有助于把建筑師、設(shè)計(jì)師、工程師、藝術(shù)家等創(chuàng)造性的想法付諸實(shí)踐。故D項(xiàng)正確。] 27．C　[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要談?wù)摰氖鞘澜缟系谝凰?dú)創(chuàng)的3D打印的房子。故C項(xiàng)正確。] Ⅳ. 28．a(chǎn)ddressed　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)第一段可知，此處是講述發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。] 29．totake　[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。advise sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事。] 30．them　[考查代詞。此處位于及物動(dòng)詞后，應(yīng)該用賓格。故填them。] 31．wishes　[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。此處的wish用作可數(shù)名詞，其前無冠詞，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。] 32．unfairly　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾動(dòng)詞will be treated，故用副詞形式。] 33．for　[考查介詞。take...for granted認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然。] 34．that　[考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。此處and連接兩個(gè)并列的賓語從句，第二個(gè)賓語從句用that引導(dǎo)且不能省略。] 35．willbeignored　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意為：我希望你們會(huì)被忽視。故用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。] 36．a(chǎn)nd　[考查連詞。此處連接兩個(gè)并列的I hope句型。故填and。] 37．signed　[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空后的by Roberts可知，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，表示“被羅伯茨簽字的”，故填signed。]