浙江省安吉縣高一英語《Unit 1Friendship》直接引語和間接引語 課件2

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1、Direct speech 直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語& indirect speechMr. Black said, “Im busy.” (直接引語）直接引語）Mr. Black said that he was busy.” (間接引語）間接引語）直接引語與間接引語直接引語與間接引語由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語需注意的三個變化由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語需注意的三個變化人稱變化人稱變化時態(tài)變化時態(tài)變化狀語變化（時間狀語和地點狀狀語變化（時間狀語和地點狀語）語）指示代詞的變化指示代詞的變化動詞的變化動詞的變化陳述句陳述句直接引語若為陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，間接引語往往變直接引語若為陳述句，變

2、為間接引語時，間接引語往往變成由從屬連詞成由從屬連詞that（在口語中可省略）引導(dǎo)（在口語中可省略）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，的賓語從句，引述引述動詞常用動詞常用say、tell等注意等注意:可以說可以說said that, said to sb that, told sb that，不可直接說，不可直接說told that )。從句。從句中的中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等都等都要作相應(yīng)的變化要作相應(yīng)的變化He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had bee

3、n to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He _ he would give us an examination the next Monday. said to me/ told me that1. 注意時態(tài)的變化注意時態(tài)的變化 1) 1) 如主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，直接引語如主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不需變化。變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的時態(tài)不需變化。He says, He wants to be a singer.He says, He w

4、ants to be a singer.He says that he wants to be a singer.He says that he wants to be a singer.如主句是一般過去時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，如主句是一般過去時，直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句的謂語動詞必須是與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。從句的從句的謂語動詞必須是與過去相關(guān)的時態(tài)。從句的謂語動詞時態(tài)變化如下：謂語動詞時態(tài)變化如下：一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時 一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時 過去完成時不變過去完成時

5、不變Tina said, I usually get up at six. Martin told me, I rang Alice yesterday. Nina told me, Lisa is studying abroad. Nell said, I have worked out this problem. Tina said that she usually got up at six.Martin told me that he had rang Alice the day before.Nina told me that Lisa was studying abroad.Nel

6、l said that she had worked out that problem.2. 注意人稱變化注意人稱變化，指示代詞指示代詞，時間狀語，地，時間狀語，地點狀語和動詞的變化點狀語和動詞的變化指示代詞指示代詞 thist that, thesethose, , 時間狀語時間狀語nowthen, todaythat day, this weekthat week, yesterdaythe day before, last weekt the week before ,four days agofour days before ,the day before yesterday two

7、days before ,tomorrowthe next day, next monththe next month. .地點狀語地點狀語herethere 動詞的變化動詞的變化comego, bringt takeHe said, I like it very much.Toby said to me, This is the School Computer Center.The boy said, I put all the things there.My sister asked me, Could you bring the chairs upstairs？He said that

8、he liked it very much.Toby said to me that that was the School Computer Center.The boy said that I put all the things there.My sister asked me if I could take the chairs upstairs.注意：直接引語變間接引語時，以下情況時態(tài)不需變化。注意：直接引語變間接引語時，以下情況時態(tài)不需變化。1. 1. 直接引語表述的是客觀真理直接引語表述的是客觀真理, ,諺語、格言諺語、格言The geography teacher told u

9、s that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.My father told me that a friend in needMy father told me that a friend in need is is a a friend indeed.friend indeed.2. 直接引語帶有具體的過去時間狀語直接引語帶有具體的過去時間狀語 He said that his He said that his father father was born was born in 1995.in 1995.3. 直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞

10、直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should, would, could, had better, might, must, need，used toused to等等He told me that I He told me that I had better had better get up early.get up early.4 4. 當(dāng)直接引語中有以當(dāng)直接引語中有以when, while引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過去的引導(dǎo)的從句，表示過去的時間時時間時 He told me that he was watching TV when he He told me that he was watching TV

11、 when he came in.came in.三疑問句三疑問句如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句如果直接引語是疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序( (即主語在謂語的前面即主語在謂語的前面)1 1）一般疑問句一般疑問句 間接引語用連詞間接引語用連詞whether或或if引導(dǎo)，原引導(dǎo)，原主句中謂語動詞主句中謂語動詞said要改為要改為asked(me/him/us等等)，疑問句，疑問句語序語序變?yōu)樽優(yōu)殛愂鼍涞恼Z序陳述句的語序 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He

12、 asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “A Are y you interested in English?” He _i_interested in English. asked if I was2）特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞，主句的謂語動詞用連詞，主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb. )來表達(dá)，疑問來表達(dá)，疑問句句語序改為陳述句語序語序改為陳述句語序 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked

13、 me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.3）選擇疑問句）選擇疑問句 用用whetheror表達(dá)，而不用表達(dá)，而不用ifor，也不用，也不用eitheror He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or F

14、rench. 當(dāng)堂檢測案：把下列直接引語改為間接引語當(dāng)堂檢測案：把下列直接引語改為間接引語1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”He said that he had left his book in his room.She said that he would be busy.She said to Tom whether I could help him.She asked whether that book was mine or his.The teacher asked how I had repaired it.