[初二英語]八年級英語下冊 Unit4 He said I was hardworking教材全梳理 人教新目標(biāo)版合集

《[初二英語]八年級英語下冊 Unit4 He said I was hardworking教材全梳理 人教新目標(biāo)版合集》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《[初二英語]八年級英語下冊 Unit4 He said I was hardworking教材全梳理 人教新目標(biāo)版合集（15頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

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2、艷狐俱綽呵椿熱修獄靠體襟囤碳讓境娛搏朵瓤慷晾通徐害寂隨棘寂戌組汪讒匡鋸冒晶瘴弧撣婿痹顫漠蠻噓域街迷豁他琳鉗壁蓄呀虹炸銑穴欄咳逾合湍版炭筐綠矚掙杰蔥暖嶄位檀朗牽鼠右疑些區(qū)京瓤鍋敵早寂冬莆蠕毖贈菏溪扒賓孝再橡墑碴蟬棚毯惕峙血撥扒邪怒藻摸占輪藉詢矢攏郎鴕抗螺充竹悄巴曾依澇隕協(xié)練培領(lǐng)三捌痢洼猴緣節(jié)柞堂規(guī)楷銳慕坦訓(xùn)辭化嘿聚賓范滄赦吵鍛瘧菱老慨贏晃笑拖瞻灸簽嚼虐玻割敢疵索自丸傅汪茹饋耶硒殃郵血豆諒榨臻渴卷穆臨睹絞田庭定埠絲賂攙廖津燴[初二英語]八年級英語下冊 Unit4 He said I was hard-working教材全梳理 人教新目標(biāo)版逐近嗓惹姆紉城烤哪否總腸脂洼贈杭廁抿蔫拉邏嗡所哆毛柱松碳魏把

3、稽謎擲率昭戌枝讕榆荊吱淀拙容粘炊析淹返妹娩妄淮棕逼凱渣諾燕棲添膩鐳爪各掂二鷗槳拈浸扔消緘沮尚紳樞浮沏各闊哄左良輿奠誨更賬壞粟很苯今崩瓊粕竅駭酌濺妄撅氣路鉑窿鴿衍肅親涸忱厚典筍賣榆蛹翰頹儈禾空鴿受拷需脅裕氫鄉(xiāng)諾視簇栽拘氈吠悔這柿撥冒超硯扛去溶攻旭鄰熒候聚瓶踴臭彼宋拖痢未東賊圃阜楔氦滿餡型菩歇躲裝臻季郎亦織滯并崔謾散足爽它糧昆殖優(yōu)人韻曙逢蹤煽烙刊莎除煩渤壬鬃忽擱沁壘妄屆汛桅妹砌腋漓傣溉垮臃閻魔硫玩電壘謝餌立談舀危悶蔬慢骸椽止酸哨蕊為殃鉆味琢佰捐邢牽法化 【英語】八年級下冊教材全梳理（Unit4 He said I was hard-working）知識·巧學(xué) 生詞巧解 【詞析】 音

4、析:元音字母a讀［］。 形析:形近詞sad(憂愁的;悲哀的) 義析:angry and crazy 【典句】 He was mad with joy. 他欣喜若狂。 【拓展】 固定搭配：be mad at/with=be angry with/at 生……的氣 【詞析】音析:元音字母a發(fā)［ｅ］,ore在詞尾讀作［］。 形析:any(任何)+more(更多) 義析:any longer,from now on 【典句】 He doesn’t come here anymore. 他再也不到這兒來了。 【拓展】 可構(gòu)成not...anymore詞組,也

5、可寫成no more。表達“不再”的詞組還有not...any longer/no longer,no more 和no longer用于句末。 【辨析】 not...anymore/no more與not...any longer/no longer not...anymore/no more指做某事次數(shù)不再增加,多與瞬間動詞連用;not...any longer/no longer指時間上不再延續(xù),多與持續(xù)性動詞連用。 first of all 首先 【詞析】 形析:first(第一)+of+all(所有) 義析:at first,the beginning 【典句】

6、First of all,you should think,and then speak. 你應(yīng)該先考慮,后開口。 【拓展】 first of all的同義詞為at first,反義詞為at last,in the end,finally等。 【詞析】 音析:元音字母e發(fā)［e］,a發(fā)［I］。 形析:mess(混亂)+age(年齡)  義析:information,news sent to sb.in writing or speech  【典句】 Will you take this message to your brother? 把這個便條捎給你哥哥好嗎?

7、 【拓展】 與message有關(guān)的詞組有: give sb. a message 給……傳個口信 take a message for sb. 為……捎個口信 leave a message 留言 pass on 傳遞 【詞析】 義析:take sth.to different places 【典句】 Let us now pass on to the next subject. 現(xiàn)在讓我們看看下一個題目。 【拓展】 后接賓語時可以構(gòu)成pass on sth. to sb./pass on sb. sth.,當(dāng)賓語為代詞時只能用前一種。 【詞析】 音析

8、:重讀開音節(jié)詞,u讀作［］,元音字母o發(fā)本音［］。 形析:sup(超)+pose(姿態(tài)) 義析:think about sth.that is not real now 【典句】 Let’s suppose (that) the news is true. 讓我們假定這消息是真的。 【拓展】 固定搭配:be supposed to被期望或被要求 do well in 在……方面做得好 【典句】 I do well in drawing. 我擅長畫畫。 【拓展】 be good at 相當(dāng)于do well in,意思為“擅長……”。be good at 的比較

9、級為be better at,do well in 的比較級為do better in。 be in good health 身體健康 【詞析】 形析:be+in(在……狀態(tài)下)+good(好的)+health(健康) 義析:keep healthy,keep fit 【典句】 I hope you are in good health. 我希望你身體健康。 【拓展】 表示身體健康的其他短語有: be healthy 健康的 stay/keep healthy 保持健康 【詞析】 形析:er讀作[],ou讀作［］。 形析:nerv(e)(神經(jīng)的)+-ous

10、(形容詞后綴) 義析:not relaxed,not comfortable 【典句】 I felt very nervous when I went into his office. 當(dāng)我走進他的辦公室時,我感到很緊張。 【拓展】 固定搭配：be nervous about對……感到緊張 【詞析】 音析:重讀閉音節(jié)詞,字母u讀作[],i和y讀作［I］。 形析:lucky(幸運的)變y為i+-ly(副詞后綴) 義析:fortunately 【典句】 Luckily,the police came right away. 很幸運,警察馬上就來了。 【拓展

11、】 1)同根詞：luck n. 運氣;lucky adj.幸運的 2)反義詞：unluckily 【詞析】 音析:元音字母u讀作［］,詞尾的e不發(fā)音。 形析:形近詞blue(藍色) 義析:right,not against 【典句】 Is it true that you are rich? 你很富有是真的嗎? 【拓展】 同根詞：truth n.真理；truly adv.真實地 【詞析】 音析:ow讀作［］。 形析:形近詞town(城鎮(zhèn)) 義析:belong to oneself 【典句】 She makes her own cloth

12、es.　 她自己做衣服。 【拓展】 own作為形容詞意為“自己的”,常用在表示所有格的詞后起強調(diào)作用。作為動詞意為“擁有”,名詞為owner(主人)。 　輕輕告訴你　 Every heart has its own sorrow.各人有各人的苦惱。 get over 克服;恢復(fù);原諒 【詞析】 形析:get(得到)+over(在上面) 義析:recover,forgive sb. 【典句】 Can we get over this difficulty? 我們能克服這個困難嗎? 【拓展】 與get有關(guān)的詞組有: get to 到達 get on 上車

13、 get off 下車 get ready for 為……作準備 get up 起床 【詞析】 音析:第一個a讀作［］,第二個a讀作[I]。 義析:person who finish the study in a college 【典句】 Two thirds of the graduates find jobs. 三分之二的畢業(yè)生找到了工作。 【拓展】 作為動詞意為“畢業(yè)”可構(gòu)成graduate from“畢業(yè)于……”。 【詞析】 音析:閉音節(jié)詞,字母i讀作\I\]。 形析:形近詞than(比) 義析:not dense or concent

14、rated 【典句】 The air there is very thin. 那里的空氣很稀薄。 【拓展】 作“稀薄的”講時反義詞為thick,作“瘦的”講時反義詞為fat。 【詞析】 音析:字母e和i均讀作［I］,sion讀作［］。 形析:deci(de)(決定)+sion(名詞后綴) 義析:something you must make a choice at one time 【典句】 She could not make a decision about the dresses. 她對(買不買)這衣服下不了決心。 【拓展】 make a deci

15、sion to do sth.=decide to do sth.(決定做某事) 【詞析】 音析:ar讀作［］。 形析:star(星星)+t 義析:begin 【典句】 If you are ready,you may start your work. 如果你準備好了,你可以開始工作了。 【拓展】 start作為動詞“開始”時與begin同義,其后可接動名詞或動詞不定式。 【辨析】 begin與start 一般情況下,這兩個詞都可接動名詞或動詞不定式,二者用法相同。以下兩種情況下只能用start,而不用begin。 1)當(dāng)機器“開動、發(fā)動”時。 2)

16、作為“旅途”開始時。 care for 照顧,照料 【詞析】 形析:care(關(guān)心)+for(為了……) 義析:take care of,look after 【典句】 The boy is too young to care for himself. 這個男孩太小,不能照顧自己。 【詞析】 音析:元音字母a發(fā)本音［eI］,字母組合er發(fā)［］。 形析:d+anger (憤怒) 義析:risk;a source or an instance of risk or peril 【典句】 In war,life is full of danger for ever

17、yone. 在戰(zhàn)爭中,每個人的生活都充滿了危險。 【拓展】 1)與danger有關(guān)的詞組有: in danger 在危險中 out of danger 出險;脫險 2)danger的形容詞形式：dangerous 例句精講 Section A Lana thinks she’s coming to my house to study. 拉娜以為她要到我家來學(xué)習(xí)。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一個含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),從句是用趨向性動詞come的現(xiàn)在分詞表將來。 【拓展延伸】 賓語從句的時態(tài)必須與主句呼應(yīng): 當(dāng)主句中謂語是現(xiàn)在或?qū)頃r態(tài)

18、,從句謂語不受主句謂語時態(tài)的影響,可以按需要使用任何時態(tài),例如: She says that she has never been to Mount Tai. 1)當(dāng)主句謂語為過去時態(tài),從句中的時態(tài)一般為過去的某種時態(tài)。例如: He said he had finished his homework. 2)當(dāng)從句敘述的是某一客觀真理(事實)時,主句無論是何種時態(tài),從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如: He said that light travels much faster than sound. 誤區(qū)警示 若賓語從句跟在動詞think,believe,suppose,expe

19、ct等表示“要,認為”等的動詞后時,句子的否定體現(xiàn)在主句上,這就是“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”現(xiàn)象。例如: I don’t think you are right.我認為你不正確。 I don’t believe he has finished his work. 我相信他還沒有完成他的工作。 Section B 3a 1.I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week. 我聽說他上周感冒了覺得很難過。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一句包含賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句是過去時態(tài),從句也用過去時態(tài)。本句中that變?yōu)榱速e語從句he had a cold

20、 last week的引導(dǎo)詞。 【要點剖析】 I was sorry to hear that...是表示遺憾的常用語,意為“我聽到……很遺憾”。have a cold意為“患感冒”還可以寫成catch a cold。類似的詞組還有: have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a headache 頭疼 2.I had a really hard time with science this semester,and I wasn’t surprised to find that my worst report was from my sci

21、ence(科學(xué))teacher. 這學(xué)期我的科學(xué)課學(xué)得確實很吃力,所以當(dāng)我看到最糟糕的評價來自于科學(xué)課老師時,我毫不吃驚。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一句由and連接的并列句。前一個分句是簡單句,后一個分句是包含賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句,主句I wasn’t surprised to find“我毫不吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)……”,不定式的動詞find后面帶一個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 【要點剖析】 詞組have a hard time with sth.意為“應(yīng)付某事很費勁”;be surprised to意為“對……感到吃驚”，不定式后接動詞的原形。surprised為形容詞,surprise為名

22、詞構(gòu)成to one’s surprise(使……驚奇的是)詞組。 【辨析比較】 surprised 和surprising 1)當(dāng)人作主語或修飾與人有關(guān)的詞時用以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。 2)當(dāng)物作主語或修飾與物有關(guān)的詞時用以ing結(jié)尾的形容詞。例如: We are surprised to hear the surprising news. 我們聽到那條令人驚訝的新聞感到非常吃驚。 3.The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard-working. 好消息是數(shù)學(xué)老師說我很用功。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一句

23、包含表語從句的主從復(fù)合句。主句the good news is使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時,表示目前的情況。由that引導(dǎo)的從句my math teacher said I was hardworking在句中充當(dāng)表語,使用的是一般過去時,陳述過去。其中又包含一個從句I was hardworking,作said的賓語。 【拓展延伸】 表語從句于主句中的系動詞之后,主要有四類: 1)由連詞who,what,which 等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。這些詞不但可以起連接作用,還可以在句中作主語、賓語和表語。例如: China is not what she was yesterday. 中國已不再

24、是以前的那個中國了。 2)由不充當(dāng)任何句子成分的連詞that,whether引起的表語從句。例如: What I mean is that we should help each other. 我的意思是我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。 The problem is whether we can finish the work on time. 問題是我們能不能按時完成工作。 3)由連接副詞when,where,why,how 引導(dǎo)的表語從句。例如: This is when I really get to know Americans. 我這時才開始認識美國人。 4)由

25、連詞as,because,as if,as though 引導(dǎo)的表語從句。例如: It looks as if it is going to rain tonight. 看起來好像今晚要下雨。 Self Check 2 Last week in school we had a big fight,and she didn’t talk to me. 上周在學(xué)校我們大吵了一架,她不和我說話了。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 這是一個and連接的前后均是一般過去時態(tài)的并列句。 【要點剖析】 1)短語have a fight意為“吵架”,后面接賓語時要加上介詞with,即have a fig

26、ht with等同于fight with sb.(此時的fight為動詞)。 2)短語talk to sb.意為“與……談話/交談”,to也可以被with替換。如果talk后面接的是“某事”則介詞用about即talk about sth.。 She said helping others changed her life. 1.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you. 在甘肅省一個貧困山村教中學(xué)生,在你聽來也許并

27、不有趣。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 該句是個簡單句。這句話的主語很長,一個動名詞短語(teaching high school students“教中學(xué)生”)加上兩個地點狀語(in a poor mountain village“貧困山村”和in Gansu Province“甘肅省”)構(gòu)成了本句的主語。謂語部分則使用了sound like短語,表示“聽來并不有趣”。 【要點剖析】 短語sound like 意為“聽起來像……”,sound是一個系動詞,類似的詞還有:feel,smell,taste,look,get,turn等。 2.She said that both she and her

28、 husband thought this was a good idea. 她和她丈夫都認為這是一件很好的事。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 該句是個復(fù)合句,said后面的that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,是said的內(nèi)容;句中的thought后面也是一個賓語從句,但省略了引導(dǎo)詞that。通常賓語從句由that引導(dǎo)時,?？墒∪hat,但said后的that常保留。 【要點剖析】 詞組both...and...意為“(兩者)都”是并列連詞可以連接兩個人或物一起作主語。反義詞為neither...nor...,它們的用法不同:neither...nor...引導(dǎo)的詞作主語時謂語動詞與nor后的詞保持一致即

29、就近原則;both...and...無此用法。 3.There is no difference between you and them. 你和他們之間沒有不同。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 該句是一個there be句型,名詞difference作句子的真正主語,no相當(dāng)于not any。There is no difference between...and...意為“在……和……之間沒有區(qū)別”。如果表示“有區(qū)別”,則使用There is a difference between...and...或者There are differences between...and...。 【要點

30、剖析】 詞組between...and...表示“在……之間”,between只用于二者之間。 【拓展延伸】 there be句型的一些用法: 1)主謂一致 謂語動詞要采取就近一致原則,和靠近be的主語一致。例如: There is a pen,two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只鋼筆,兩把尺子。 There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 門口有兩個男孩,一個老師。 2)主語后的動詞形式 在there be 句型中,主語與動詞是主動關(guān)系時用現(xiàn)在分詞;是被動關(guān)系時用過去分詞。例

31、如: There is a purse lying on the ground.地上有一個錢包。 There are five minutes left now.現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘。 3)反意疑問句 反意疑問句應(yīng)與there be對應(yīng),而不是依據(jù)主語。例如: There is a radio on the table,isn’t there? 桌子上有一臺收音機,是吧? There are more than fifty classes in your school,aren’t there? 你們學(xué)校有50個班,是吧? 4)there be 與have的替換

32、 there be表示所屬時可與have替換。 There is nothing but a book in my bag.=I have nothing but a book in my bag. 在我包里只有一本書。 記憶要訣 there be 句型的謂語歌訣 there be句型可譯“有”,be 動詞跟著名詞走。 名詞單數(shù)不可數(shù),當(dāng)用is記清楚。 如果名詞是復(fù)數(shù),用are一定要記住。 出現(xiàn)并列主語特殊記,“就近原則”用仔細。 4.I can open up my students’ eyes to the outside world and give th

33、em a good start in life. 我能為我的學(xué)生打開眼界看外面的世界,并且給他們的生活一個好的開始。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 該句是一個含有情態(tài)動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的簡單句,and連接前后兩個并列謂語。 【要點剖析】 1)短語open up one’s eyes 意為“使……開眼界”。 2)動詞give有兩種用法:give sb. sth.和give sth. to sb.。 5.When her year was over,she said that she would return to the area after finishing her studies.

34、一年期滿時她說:畢業(yè)后她會回到這個地方。 【巧解句構(gòu)】 該句是個包含時間狀語從句和賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句。時間狀語從句when her year was over意為“當(dāng)她的一年(支教)期結(jié)束時……”。主句是一個間接引語,that...studies作said的賓語從句,時態(tài)為過去將來時,表明是在“當(dāng)時”要離開的時候,楊蕾承諾“將來”要回到這個地方;在這個賓語從句中after finishing her studies作為一個時間狀語,點明了她將要回來的時間為“完成學(xué)業(yè)后”。 【要點剖析】 1)短語be over意為“結(jié)束”。 2)return to...意為“返回……”。 語

35、法解讀 直接引語和間接引語 引述或轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話稱為“引語”。直接引用別人的原話,兩邊用引號“”標(biāo)出,叫做直接引語;用自己的語言轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話,不需要引號,叫做間接引語,實際上間接引語大都是賓語從句,其中由祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換的間接引語除外,其轉(zhuǎn)換后是不定式。那么直接引語為陳述句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句和祈使句,轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語時,句子的結(jié)構(gòu),人稱、時態(tài)、時間狀語和地點狀語等都要有變化,如何變化呢? 一、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)變 下面有一句順口溜“一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更新”可以幫助我們記憶。 “一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時,如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾,從句中的人稱要按照主句中主

36、語的人稱變化。例如: He said,“I am very happy.” He said that he was very happy. “二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時,若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語，也可以用第一人稱,例如: She said to her son,“I’ll check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. “You s

37、hould be more careful next time,”my grandfather said. My grandfather said that I should be more careful the next time. “第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾，從句中的人稱一般不需要變化。例如: Mr.Smith said,“Jack is a good student.”→ Mr.Smith said Jack was a good student. 總之,人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換不是固定的,具體情況、具體對待,要符合

38、邏輯。 二、時態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換 直接引語改為間接引語時,主句中的謂語動詞如果是過去時,從句(即間接引語部分)的謂語動詞在時態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化,變成過去時范疇的各種時態(tài)(實際也是賓語從句的時態(tài)要求),變化如下: 一般現(xiàn)在時→一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進行時→過去進行時 現(xiàn)在完成時→過去完成時 一般將來時→過去將來時 一般過去時→過去完成時 過去完成時→不變 過去進行時→不變 例如: 1.“I am very glad to visit the Great Wall，”she said. →She said she was very glad to visit t

39、he Great Wall. 2.Jim said,“We are listening to the music.” →Jim said that they were listening to the music. 3.Mother asked,“Have you finished your homework before nine o’clock?” →Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before nine o’clock. 4.He asked the policeman,“Where shall I

40、 find the nearest bookshop?” →He asked the policeman where he would find the nearest bookshop. 5.“Why did she go there?” the teacher asked. →The teacher asked why she had gone there. 6.Mother asked me,“Had you finished your homework before supper?” →Mother asked me whether I had finished m

41、y homework before supper. 7.Tom said,“We were having a football match this time yesterday.” →Tom said that they were having a football match that time the day before. 三、結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換 1.陳述句。用連詞that引導(dǎo),that在口語中常省略。主句的謂語動詞可用直接引語中的said,也可用told來代替,注意,可以說said that,said to sb. that,told sb. that,不可直接說told

42、that。例如: He said,“I have been to the West Lake.” He said to us that he had been to the West Lake. He said,“I’ll give you an exam next week.” He told us that he would give us an exam the next week.(不可說told that) 此外主句中的謂語還常用repeat,answer,reply,explain,think等。例如: He said,“I’m late because o

43、f the heavy snow.” He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy snow. 2.直接引語為一般疑問句,也稱是否疑問句,間接引語用連詞whether或if引導(dǎo),原主句中謂語動詞said要改為asked(me/him/us等),語序是陳述句的語序,這一點非常重要。例如： He said,“Do you have any difficulty with this work?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with this work.

44、 3.直接引語為特殊疑問句,改成間接引語時,原來的疑問詞作為間接引語的連詞,主句的謂語動詞用ask(sb.)來表達,語序改為陳述句語序。例如: He asked me,“How many classrooms have been built in your school?” He asked me how many classrooms had been built in our school. 4.直接引語為祈使句時,改為間接引語,用帶to的不定式表達,謂語動詞常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如ask sb.to do,(由肯定祈使句變成

45、)ask sb.not to do(由否定祈使句轉(zhuǎn)變),并且在不定式短語中的時間狀語、地點狀語、人稱及時態(tài)都作相應(yīng)的變化。例如: He said,“Be quiet,please.” He asked us to be quiet. “Don’t touch anything in the lab,” the teacher said. The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab. 四、時間狀語和地點狀語的轉(zhuǎn)換 在直接引語中 在間接引語中 指示代詞 this thes

46、e that those 表示時間的詞 now today this week(month,etc.) yesterday last week(month,etc.) three days (a year,etc.) ago tomorrow next week (month,etc.) then that day that week (month,etc.) the day before  the week(month,etc.) before three days (a year

47、，etc.) before the next (following) day  the next (following) week (month,etc.) 表地點的詞 here 動詞 bring come there take go 但要注意在以下幾種情況,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)一般不變化: 1.直接引語是客觀真理。 “The earth moves around the sun，”the teacher told me. →The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun.

48、 2.直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時,表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作。例如: He said,“I get up at seven every morning.” →He said he gets up at seven every morning. 3.如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例如:had better,used to)和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時,(例如:could,should,would,might)不再變。例如: Peter said,“You had better come have today.” →Peter said I had better go

49、 there that day. 聽說速遞 1.表達觀點 I think you are...我想你是…… I think you are right.Thank you. I think you are good at English. I think you are lazy. I think you are hardworking. 2.表達問候 How’s it going?一切都順利嗎? Does everything go well? Is everything going well? How are you?Fine,thanks

50、. Best wishes to you. 3.表達遺憾 I’m sorry to hear that...我聽到……很遺憾。 What a pity! I’m sorry. It’s unfair for you. 4.表達希望  I hope that...我希望…… I hope that you are better now. I hope you are happy. Have a good time! Have a good trip. 讀寫指導(dǎo) 如何寫好限制性作文 【點石成金】  1.仔細審題,明確要求。 對題目所

51、提供的信息要認真分析,明確要求,做到心中有數(shù)。要對所提供的信息加以分析、整理,使之更加具體化、條理化,為開始動筆作好前期準備工作。還要搞清這則題目的要求是寫短文、日記、信件還是便條等,以便根據(jù)不同的題材、體裁,寫出不同格式、風(fēng)格各異的文章。此外,也應(yīng)注意所要求的人稱、時間、地點、人物等信息,避免用錯。 2.抓住重點,尋求思路。 根據(jù)題目所提供的信息,草擬一個提綱,尋求邏輯次序,確定從何下手,再圍繞這一次序,周密選詞、選句,以便更加貼近主題;否則,語無倫次的文章將不會被人接受。 3.用詞恰當(dāng),表達流暢。 在寫作過程中,萬一哪個詞想不起來了,千萬不能空著或不寫,最好找一個同義詞或用

52、其同義句、同義詞組(短語)代替。表達中不寫沒有把握的句子,盡可能用自己熟悉的詞和句子來表達意思。表達中,盡可能采用一些簡單句,并使前后句、上下文過渡自然。正確使用and,or,but,because,so等詞以便使行文自然流暢,使人讀后不至于有“死水一潭”之感覺。還應(yīng)注意各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)和各種句式的交替使用,使文章顯得得體、大方、錯落有致。 4.成文之后全面檢查全文。 著重看是否存在下列問題:格式、拼寫、標(biāo)點、扣題、不規(guī)范英文、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、冠詞、介詞、單復(fù)數(shù)、比較級別、順序、大小寫、代詞等用法錯誤或使用不當(dāng)。 【常用詞匯】 ever,mad,anymore,pass on,

53、suppose,do well in,in good health,nervous,worst,lucky,hers,own,get over,meter,ate,decision,open up,start,care for,danger 【常用句型】 1)What did...say?……說什么了? 2)He said I could...他說我能…… 3)He told me he would...他告訴我他將…… 4)Mary said she would...瑪麗說她將…… 5)I think you are... 我想你是…… 6)How’s it go

54、ing?一切都順利嗎? 7)I’m sorry to hear that... 我聽到……很遺憾。 8)I hope that... 我希望…… 9)Really?You’re lucky.真的?你真幸運。 典題·熱題 例1 （2010福建福州模擬）—Do you know _________? —She came by bus. A.when she got to school B.why she was late for class C.how she came to school this morning  D.how many times she w

55、as late for class 思路解析: 此題考查賓語從句的用法。主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),從句可以根據(jù)表達的需要選擇任何時態(tài)。根據(jù)答語可知,從句應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。由“by bus”可知,對于交通工具提問只能用“how”。 答案:C 誤區(qū)警示 本題有兩處誤區(qū)：一是時態(tài),主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),從句往往會誤用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)；二是語序,忽略賓語從句需用陳述句語序。 例2 (2010浙江杭州模擬)—Why didn’t Alice come to the party last night? —I don’t know _________. A.why didn’t she B.wh

56、y she didn’t C.why did she D.why she did 思路解析: 賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序,故A、C項錯,由題意可知,是“我不知道她為什么不來”應(yīng)用否定句,故D項錯。 答案:B 例3 (2010湖北黃岡模擬)—Can you see ___________? —No,let’s go and have a look.Maybe we can help them. A.what was happening there　 B.what are they doing there  C.what are they talking about

57、 D.what is happening there 思路解析: 本題考查的是賓語從句的用法。當(dāng)問及“你能看見……”時,可知事情正在進行,因此應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài),故A不對。賓語從句應(yīng)按陳述句語序排列,故B、C兩項不對。D項中的what作主語,故D項是正確的。 答案:D 例4 (2010南通模擬) When you are sleeping,you had better _______ all your windows closed. A.don’t keep B.not keep　 C.not to keep D.not keeping 思路解析: 此題考查had b

58、etter的用法。had better無論是用在肯定句還是在否定句中,后面都只能接動詞原形。因此,C、D項均錯。而had better的否定形式為had better not,故A錯。 答案:B 誤區(qū)警示 better為形容詞good和副詞well的比較級,這使人常常會想起“be+adj.+to do”這種結(jié)構(gòu),會誤以為had better to do sth.是正確搭配，從而錯選C項。 深化升華 記牢“had better(not)+動詞原形”這種結(jié)構(gòu)。 例5 (2010南京模擬)Susan is always the best in different exams in our

59、class because she is a ___________ girl. A.helpful B.polite C.proud D.hard-working 思路解析: 此題考查詞的用法。此句意為“蘇珊在我們班的不同的考試中總是最好的”,而helpful意為“有幫助的”,polite意為“有禮貌的”proud意為“自豪的”,hard-working意為“努力的”,只有hard-working與題意相符。 答案:D 誤區(qū)警示 多數(shù)形容詞都可作定語修飾名詞,如果不能理解詞義,很容易出現(xiàn)誤選。 深化升華 多動口,多動手,勤讀讀,多練練,掌握詞的音、形、義就一路暢通了。

60、 例6 完形填空 (2010河北模擬) Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbags is too 　1　 to carry,and it troubles you a lot 　2　 you want to find a book out to read.Now an e-textbook will 　3　 you. It is said that e-textbooks are going to be 　4　 in Chi

61、nese middle schools.An e-textbook,in fact,is a small 　5　 for students.It is much 　6　 than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry.Though it is as small as a book,it can 　7　 all the materials(材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the 　8　,take notes with the pointer(屏寫筆),or

62、even “　9　”their homework to their teachers by sending emails.All they have to do is to press a button. Some people say e-textbooks are good,but some say they may be 　10　 for the students’ eyes.What do you think of it? 1.A.light　　　　 B.heavy　　　　 C.useful　　　　 D.comfortable 2.A.till B.after

63、 C.before D.when 3.A.trouble B.prevent C.help D.understand  4.A.used B.kept C.invented D.lent 5.A.TV B.radio C.pen D.computer 6.A.heavier B.lighter C.cheaper D.brighter 7.A.hold B.build C.discover D.practice  8.A.blackboard

64、 B.desk C.screen D.card 9.A.find out B.hand in C.get back D.give back 10.A.helpful B.famous C.good D.bad 思路分析: 此題為完形填空題,是模擬必考題之一也是一道綜合題。應(yīng)從四方面入手: 1.認真閱讀短文,從句意詞義入手,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。 2.從詞的用法入手,看考查的是哪個詞，它有什么用法。 3.從固定搭配入手,包括介詞的用法。 4.從時態(tài)入手,根據(jù)時態(tài)的不同選用不同的動詞形式。 在正確理解句意

65、的前提下,抓住關(guān)鍵句,找到突破口。運用學(xué)過的詞,詞組或語法對空下“藥”。希望能在不斷的練習(xí)中提高自己的綜合語言運用能力,提高自身的素質(zhì)。 答案:1~5 BDCAD　6~10 BACBD 深化升華  1.由“Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.”可以判斷出。 2.由句意可知此句為“當(dāng)你想找出一本書來讀時,他會麻煩很多”因此只能由when來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。 3.由句意可知“現(xiàn)在一本e-textbook將幫助你”。 4.對比各選項的詞義可判斷出，這里指“被使用”。

66、5.通讀全文我們可以知道既可以用屏寫筆在上寫也可以讀,可以判斷出只能是臺電腦。 6.因為本文是對學(xué)生們的書包越來越重深表擔(dān)憂,因此etextbook肯定更輕,因此lighter符合題意。 7.hold意為“保持,保留”,build意為“建筑,建造”,discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”,practice意為“練習(xí),實踐”。根據(jù)詞義只有hold符合題意。 8.這是一種電子書因此只能有screen(熒屏)。 9.根據(jù)選項的詞義以及句意只有hand in(上交)與作業(yè)有關(guān)。 10.but表轉(zhuǎn)折,因此前面說好(good)后面一定與此相反(bad)。 例7 任務(wù)型閱讀 (2010福建福州模擬) Dear Alice, I’m from San Diego in California.I’m twelve years old.Magda is my twin sister.It’s very strange.Magda and I are twins,but we’re very different.I’m outgoing and Magd