高中英語(yǔ) 模塊新課標(biāo) Unit21《Human Biology》課件 北師大版選修7

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Unit 21Human Biology,開 篇 背 誦 議論文(優(yōu)劣對(duì)比類),[典型例題] (武漢調(diào)研)某英文報(bào)社正在進(jìn)行題為“居住在城市的利與弊”的有關(guān)征文。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示，給該報(bào)社寫一篇征文。,注意：1. 詞數(shù)為100左右； 2. 可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容以使行文連貫。 Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in a City [寫作提示] 1. 優(yōu)劣對(duì)比類議論文是對(duì)于某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)的比較性陳述。具有鮮明的對(duì)比性。 2. 寫作時(shí)注意優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)的不同表達(dá)，以及對(duì)立雙方之間過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。,[佳作欣賞] Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in a City Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages. For example, there are much more job opportunities, and with many choices of public transport available, it's more convenient to travel. Besides, there are a lot of places for entertainment. You can eat in good restaurants, visit museums, watch movies and go to parks whenever you want to relax. However, living in a city is often very expensive.,You must find a well-paid job, or you will not be able to afford the expenses. What's more, the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty. It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and fresh air as in the countryside.,[名師點(diǎn)評(píng)] 1. 文章對(duì)生活在城市里的利和弊進(jìn)行了闡述，條理清晰，層次分明。文章的結(jié)尾有些唐突，沒有適當(dāng)?shù)奶岢鲎约旱挠^點(diǎn)，這是本文的美中不足。 2. 注意利弊觀點(diǎn)之間的銜接詞However運(yùn)用巧妙。還有其它一些好的銜接詞如：Besides; What's more等。 3. 文中一些出彩的句式：with many choices of public transport available; eat in.，visit museums, watch movies and go to parks; living in a city is.; the city is always crowded, noisy and dirty。,教 材 自 主 回 歸 記記單詞,1．c________vi.循環(huán)→____________n．循環(huán)，傳播→___________adj.循環(huán)性的→________adj.圓形的，環(huán)形的 2．v________vt.違反，違背→________n．違反，違背→________adj.違反地，違背地→________n．違反者 3．e________n．進(jìn)入；入學(xué)→________n．入口，門口 4．t________vt.款待→________n．對(duì)待，治療,circulate,circulation,circulative,circular,violate,violation,violative,violator,entry,entrance,treat,treatment,5．f________vt.預(yù)見→________vt.&vi.預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)言 6．w________adj.每周一次的→________adj.一年一次的→________adj.每月一次的→________adj.每天的；n.日?qǐng)?bào) 7．m________n．最低；最小→__________n．最大，最大量 8．u_____________adv.無(wú)條件地→____________adv.附有條件地→___________adj.以……為條件的，附有條件的→________n．情況，環(huán)境，條件,foresee,forecast,weekly,yearly,monthly,daily,minimum,maximum,unconditionally,conditionally,conditional,condition,9．e________vt.使有準(zhǔn)備→________adj.裝備好的→___________n．配備，裝備，器械 10．c________n．擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂→___________adj.擔(dān)心的，相關(guān)的→___________adv.擔(dān)憂的→_____________prep.關(guān)于，有關(guān),equip,equipped,equipment,concern,concerned,concernedly,concerning,記記短語(yǔ) 1.Floyd Landis made several lame excuses blaming medicine he had been taking for an injury but ________________________(那些全是徒勞)． 2．It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants ________________________(只是被隨機(jī)檢查)．,these were all in vain,are only tested at random,3．The Olympic spirit—the spirit of competition which emphasises taking part rather than winning—has been violated by the desire ____________ (不惜一切代價(jià)獲得成功)． 4．I decided not to put off studying and got up early every morning to______________________________(立刻專心于工作)．,to succeed at all costs,get down to work straight away,5．We have to have faith that ________________________ (遲早有消滅禽流感的方法)． 6．If trends continue the way they're going, then in my opinion, yes—in developed countries ______________(至少)．,there will be solutions in time to stop a Bird Flu epidemic in its tracks,at any rate,記記句型 1.Many contemporary amateur athletes __________________________________(會(huì)打破多項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄)if they ________________(參加)the first Olympic Games. 2．Scientists now guess that ________________________ (那一地區(qū)約百分之五十的人口死于)this epidemic ________________ (使之成為主要原因之一)of the fall of the Roman Empire.,would have broken world records,had taken part in,up to 50% of the area's population died from;,making it one of the main causes,3．________________________(遺憾的是)thousands of people who could have benefited from Traditional Chinese Medicine missed out because of ignorance.,It seems a real pity that,教 材 知 識(shí) 探 究 詞 語(yǔ) 解 讀,1. abuse n．&vt.濫用；辱罵 abuse of power濫用職權(quán) alcohol abuse酗酒 drug abuse濫用毒品 abuse one's authority/power濫用職權(quán)/權(quán)力,Laws have been passed to prevent government officials from abusing their power. 通過(guò)立法防止官員濫用權(quán)力。 They were so rude that they often abused each other in public. 他們很粗魯，經(jīng)常在大庭廣眾之下彼此辱罵。,[考試題] ①(江西)He is a worthy leader, who never ________ his power which is given by people. A. uses B. abuses C. ignores D. forces 答案：B,2. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 tolerate (sb./one's) doing sth.容忍(某人)做某事 tolerant adj.容忍的，寬容的 be tolerant of/towards sb./sth.容忍某人/某事 tolerance n．寬容，忍受 tolerable adj.可以忍受的，可以容忍的,I won't tolerate your bad manners any longer. 我再也不能忍受你那種惡劣的態(tài)度了。 Many old people have a very limited tolerance to cold. 許多老年人對(duì)寒冷的忍受力很差。,[詞語(yǔ)辨析] tolerate, stand, bear與endure ①tolerate可與stand換用，但tolerate更正式，可指容忍不同觀點(diǎn)。 ②stand后除可以跟困難外更多接人。 ③bear則指承受重負(fù)、重量、痛苦、煩惱等。 ④endure可指忍受長(zhǎng)期的痛苦、苦難、困難等。,[考試題] ②(濟(jì)寧模擬)I am a ________ man, but your behavior is more than I can bear. A．tolerant B．responsible C．generous D．enthusiastic 答案與解析：A 考查形容詞辨析。tolerant寬容的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；generous慷慨的；enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。,[用tolerate, stand, bear或endure的適當(dāng)形式填空] ③The sorrow was almost more than she could ________. ④He quietly ________ the pain of a loveless marriage. ⑤I can't ________ hot weather. ⑥A government that refuses to ________ opposition cannot last long.,bear,endures,stand,tolerate,3. seek(sought，sought)vt.&vi.尋找；探索；追求 seek one's fortune 尋找致富及成功之道 seek to do sth.(＝try to do sth./attempt to do sth.) 試圖做某事，企圖做某事 seek one's advice 尋求某人的建議 seek(after/for)sth. 尋找某物 They are seeking the most reasonable diet that will do good to their health. 他們?cè)趯ふ矣幸嬗谒麄兘】档淖詈侠淼娘嬍场?[解題警示] seek for, look for和search for都表示“找的動(dòng)作”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。 [考試題] ⑦(2010·廣西柳州模擬)Various experiments have been carried out to ________ the proper way to raise children. A．make B．fight C．work D．seek 答案與解析：D seek尋找，seek the proper way尋找合適的方法。,[預(yù)測(cè)題] ⑧He is always ________ fault with other people though he doesn't do his own work properly. A．seeking B．looking C．finding D．putting 答案與解析：C seek尋找；look看(不及物動(dòng)詞；find找到；put放。find fault with意為“挑毛病”。,4. in vain徒然，白費(fèi)力氣 vain promises空頭許諾 try in vain to do sth.枉費(fèi)心機(jī)地試做某事 take sb.'s name in vain輕慢地談?wù)撃橙?We tried in vain to make him change his mind. 我們想使他改變主意，結(jié)果是白費(fèi)心機(jī)。 He was vain about his looks, spending hours in the gym. 他對(duì)自己的外表很自負(fù)，在健身房里一呆就是幾個(gè)小時(shí)。,[考試題] ⑨(湖北)His efforts to raise money for his program were ________ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in place B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain,答案與解析：D 句意：他為他的項(xiàng)目籌集資金的努力付諸東流了，因?yàn)闆]有一個(gè)人愿意從腰包里掏出一分錢。in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫瑴?zhǔn)備就緒；in sight在視線內(nèi)可以看見；in effect生效，起作用；in vain徒勞。又如：They tried in vain to persuade her to go.他們極力勸說(shuō)她去，但枉費(fèi)了一番口舌。All our efforts were in vain.我們所有的努力全都是枉費(fèi)心機(jī)。,5. oppose vt.反對(duì)，反抗，抵制，阻撓 be opposed to sth.反對(duì)某事物 as opposed to與……對(duì)照 opposable adj.可反對(duì)的；可對(duì)立的 opposite n．對(duì)立面；對(duì)立物adj.對(duì)立的，對(duì)面的adv.在對(duì)面prep.與……相對(duì)，在……對(duì)面 Father does not oppose the idea at all. 父親絲毫不反對(duì)這個(gè)想法。 I am opposed to going shopping with others. 我反對(duì)與其他人一起外出購(gòu)物。,[詞語(yǔ)辨析] oppose, object與resist ①oppose為及物動(dòng)詞，指“對(duì)某人、某事采取積極行動(dòng)來(lái)反對(duì)”，著重指動(dòng)作，尤指“反對(duì)一種觀念、思想、計(jì)劃等”。 ②object常指“用言論或論據(jù)等表示反對(duì)”，著重指“個(gè)人嫌厭”和“提出反對(duì)意見”。作不及物動(dòng)詞，后常跟to連用。 ③resist指“積極地反抗、對(duì)抗，用武力阻止……的前進(jìn)”。,[考試題] ⑩(山東省臨沭縣)The government managed to have two chemical factories built, though ________ by the citizens. A．being opposed to B．opposed to C．was opposed to D．having been opposed to 答案：B,[用oppose, object或resist的適當(dāng)形式填空] ?The soldiers were ________ the enemy. ?I ________ to his plan. ?The father ________ his son's marriage.,resisting,objected,opposed,6. at all costs不管多大代價(jià)，無(wú)論如何 at all costs＝at any cost不惜任何代價(jià)，無(wú)論如何 at the cost of以……為代價(jià) at a cost of以……的價(jià)格 at cost按成本，以成本價(jià)格(出售) cut/reduce costs減少了日?；ㄤN cover the cost of sth.支付某物的費(fèi)用 cost sb. sth.花某人……/使付出/使喪失,We must avoid war at all costs/whatever the cost. 我們必須不惜任何代價(jià)避免戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 He saved the children from the fire at the cost of his own life. 他舍身把孩子們從大火中救出。 The students are given ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery. 學(xué)生每年得到五十英鎊作為支付書籍和文具的費(fèi)用。,[考試題] ?(天津十二區(qū)縣)Her irresponsible behavior ________ her father many sleepless nights. A. costs B. takes C. spends D. pays 答案與解析：A 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cost指為了某事做出某種努力或犧牲；take花費(fèi)(時(shí)間)；spend花費(fèi)(金錢，時(shí)間)；pay支付……的費(fèi)用。句意：她那不負(fù)責(zé)任的行為使她父親在很多個(gè)夜晚不得安睡。,?(江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)—The man charged me 150 yuan for this coat! —Oh, my God, it sounds rather ________. A．expensively B．dearly C．costly D．impossibly 答案與解析：C 考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的前半部分可知說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為那個(gè)男子要價(jià)太高，此處costly是形容詞，表示“昂貴的”。句中的sounds是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)，而其余三項(xiàng)都是副詞，因此不正確。,?(黃岡質(zhì)檢)The terrible accident almost ________ the driver his life. A. valued B. counted C. took D. cost 答案與解析：D 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。value估價(jià)，重視；count計(jì)算，計(jì)算在內(nèi)，認(rèn)為，有價(jià)值；take拿，拿走，取，抓，占領(lǐng)，獲得；cost價(jià)錢為，(使)花費(fèi)(金錢、時(shí)間、精力等)，使失去。句意：那起可怕的事故差點(diǎn)要了那個(gè)司機(jī)的命。cost作“使……失去(生命、健康等)”講時(shí)，后接雙賓語(yǔ)，符合語(yǔ)境。,7. postpone vt.延期；延緩；擱置 postpone sth. (to/until sth.)推遲到…… postpone doing sth.推遲做某事 We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th. 我們把比賽從3月5日推遲到3月19日舉行。 The game has already been postponed three times. 這場(chǎng)比賽已經(jīng)被延期三次了。,[詞語(yǔ)辨析] postpone, delay與put off ①postpone指將某一活動(dòng)“延期”到某一確定時(shí)間。 ②delay指由于某種意外或客觀原因而“耽擱或推遲”。 ③put off指主觀上有意“拖延”時(shí)間。,[用postpone, delay或put off的適當(dāng)形式填空] ?Let's ________ making a decision until we have more information. ?They decided to ________ the meeting. ?The sports meeting will be ________ because of some reason.,postpone,put off,delayed,8. wipe v．擦，拭，抹，擦掉 wipe out徹底毀滅 wipe sth. with sth.用……擦…… wipe away擦掉，擦干 wipe.off.從……擦下去 wipe up用布擦凈(液體或污漬)；用布擦干 wipe sth. from one's mind/memory故意忘記事物,The entire population was wiped out by the terrible disease. 所有的居民都被可怕的疾病奪去生命。 The cost of the new building will wipe out all the company's profits this year. 新建的大樓會(huì)花光公司今年的全部利潤(rùn)。 Wipe your nose with your handkerchief. 用手帕擦擦你的鼻子。,[預(yù)測(cè)題] ?Five hundred years ago the plague (黑死病)________almost all the population of the island. A．wiped down B．wiped off C．wiped out D．wiped up 答案：C,9. prohibit vt.禁止；阻止，使不可能 prohibit sb./sth. from doing sth.禁止某人/某物做某事 stop sb./sth. from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事 prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事 keep sb./sth. from doing sth.不讓某人/某物做某事,Smoking in this railway carriage is strictly prohibited. 本列車車廂嚴(yán)格禁止吸煙。 We are prohibited from drinking alcohol during working hours. 工作時(shí)間內(nèi)我們不得喝酒。,[詞語(yǔ)辨析] prohibit, forbid與ban ①prohibit指(通過(guò)法律、法令、公告、嚴(yán)正警告)“禁止”某些事情，應(yīng)用范圍比其他兩個(gè)詞廣，其常用結(jié)構(gòu)為prohibit sb. from doing sth.。 ②forbid“禁止”，為常用詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)forbid sb. to do sth.。 ③ban“禁止”，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，指權(quán)威機(jī)關(guān)“正式禁止”，這種禁止可以是正面的，也可以是負(fù)面的；ban只以物作賓語(yǔ)，而不能以人作賓語(yǔ)。,[預(yù)測(cè)題] Traffic regulations ________ people from riding bicycles on the sidewalk. A. stop B. prohibit C. prevent D. keep 答案：B,[用prohibit, forbid或ban的適當(dāng)形式填空] Smoking is __________ in the office building. His parents ________ him wine. Bicycles are ________ from the new motorway.,prohibited,forbid,banned,10. foresee vt.預(yù)見，預(yù)知 The extent of the damage could not have been foreseen. 損害程度是無(wú)法預(yù)見的。 We could foresee that we would die if we couldn't reach land very soon. 可以預(yù)見，如果不能很快地靠岸登陸，我們必死無(wú)疑。,[詞語(yǔ)辨析] foresee, forecast, predict ①foresee強(qiáng)調(diào)“預(yù)見，預(yù)知”，著重宣布未來(lái)的事，而不表明所預(yù)言的事情是否正確。 ②forecast強(qiáng)調(diào)“預(yù)報(bào)”，指通過(guò)分析一些相關(guān)的信息、數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)預(yù)測(cè)。 ③predict常指根據(jù)已知的事實(shí)或自然規(guī)律推斷出未來(lái)的事情，可用于各種不同的場(chǎng)合；predict所作的預(yù)言有一定的科學(xué)性。,[預(yù)測(cè)題] Those who can ________ difficulties on their way ________ success may keep calm when they really appear. A. forecast; of B. forecast; to C. foresee; to D. foresee; of 答案：C,[用foresee, forecast或predict的適當(dāng)形式填空] The difficulties could not have been ________. Hurricanes have been __________ for tomorrow afternoon. She ________ that he would marry a doctor.,foreseen,forecast,predicted,11. rob vt.搶奪，搶掠；盜走；剝奪 rob sb./some place of sth.搶走某人/某處某物 While she was walking, her handbag was robbed. 在她散步時(shí)，她的手提袋被搶了。 You have robbed me of the glory of youth. 你剝奪了我青春的光輝。,[考試題] (南安三校)On his returning from work he found his house ________. A. robbing B. robbed C. stealing D. stolen 答案與解析：B 房子不可能被steal，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；house與rob之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,12. decline v．下降；婉拒，婉言謝絕；n.下降，減少 decline an offer婉拒提議 decline to do sth.拒絕做某事 a decline in.在……的方面的減少 fall/go into a decline不景氣 in decline＝on the decline在下降，在衰退 declining adj.越來(lái)越少的；越來(lái)越差的 His influence declined as he grew older. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他的影響力降低了。,We asked them to come to our party, but they declined the invitation. 我們邀請(qǐng)他們來(lái)參加我們的聚會(huì)，但他們婉言謝絕了。 [詞語(yǔ)辨析] decline，refuse與reject ①decline作“拒絕”之意時(shí)，常指有禮貌地回絕，婉言謝絕，其主語(yǔ)只能是人。 ②refuse語(yǔ)氣比decline重，主語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是物。 ③reject比refuse語(yǔ)氣更重，意為“拋棄，拒收，不采納”。,[預(yù)測(cè)題] —Did you take part in his birthday party? —No, though he invited me, I ________. A．denied B．a(chǎn)ccepted C．declined D．a(chǎn)dopted 答案：C,13. equip vt.& vi.裝備；配備；使有準(zhǔn)備；使有資格 be equipped with. ＝equip.with.用……裝備…… equip sth. on.在……上裝備某物 equip sb. for.使某人具有…… equipment n．設(shè)備，器材 a piece of equipment for.一件……的設(shè)備,[解題警示] equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，不可用an equipment進(jìn)行表達(dá)；但可以用a piece of equipment 表示“一件設(shè)備”。 [預(yù)測(cè)題] The explorers were told to ________ themselves with everything they would need for the voyage. A．a(chǎn)ssociate B．equip C．relate D．feed 答案：B,14. fortune n. [U] 機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣；[C]命運(yùn)；大筆的錢 fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的，運(yùn)氣好的 fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地 try one's fortune碰運(yùn)氣 tell sb.'s fortune為某人算命 come into a fortune繼承大筆遺產(chǎn) make a fortune發(fā)財(cái),[考試題] (2008·南昌)The millionaire passed away，leaving his children with a large ________. A．fortune B．luck C．money D．a(chǎn)mount 答案與解析：A 考查名詞辨析。The millionaire 暗示留給他的孩子們的應(yīng)該是財(cái)產(chǎn)/巨款。,15. at any rate無(wú)論如何；至少 at this rate照這樣下去 at the rate of以……速度 at this rate照這樣 At any rate, I determined to wait for his definite reply. 無(wú)論如何，我得等到他給我一個(gè)肯定的答復(fù)。 He said he'll be coming tomorrow. At any rate, I think that's what he said. 他說(shuō)他明天要來(lái)，至少，我認(rèn)為他是這么說(shuō)的。,[考試題] (蓬萊三校)I may be away on business next week but ________ I'll be back by Friday. A. at any rate B. at a rate C. at this rate D. at the rate 答案與解析：A at this rate照這樣；at any rate意為“不管怎么樣”。句意：我可能下周出差，但無(wú)論如何我在周五要返回來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)。,16. concern n．擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂；關(guān)切；vt.涉及；與……有關(guān)；影響；使擔(dān)憂；使煩惱 show/express(great) concern about/for.對(duì)……表示關(guān)心/擔(dān)心 as concerns＝concerning關(guān)于 as/so far as.be concerned關(guān)于；至于；就……而言 be/feel concerned about/over/at sth.關(guān)心；憂慮，掛念 be concerned in sth.和某事有牽連 be concerned with牽涉到，與……有關(guān)，參與,[預(yù)測(cè)題] Even in Ancient Rome times parents ________ their children not following traditions. A. were contributed to B. were connected with C. were concerned about D. were combined with 答案與解析：C be concerned about關(guān)心，擔(dān)心；be contributed to被獻(xiàn)給；be connected with與……連接起來(lái)；be combined with與……結(jié)合起來(lái)。由題意知選C項(xiàng)。,Applied science is ________ discovering ways to use the knowledge of theoretical science. A. concerned about B. concerned with C. focused on D. combined with 答案與解析：B 本題主要考查be concerned about和be concerned with的區(qū)別，前者意為“關(guān)心，關(guān)注”，后者意為“與……有關(guān)聯(lián)，牽涉到”。句意：應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究涉及探究理論科學(xué)知識(shí)的應(yīng)用方法。,句 型 剖 析 It seems a real pity that thousands of people who could have benefited from Traditional Chinese Medicine missed out because of ignorance.很遺憾，由于無(wú)知，成千上萬(wàn)的人們錯(cuò)過(guò)了用傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)治療的機(jī)會(huì)。 It seems＋n./adj.＋that從句中，it為形式主語(yǔ)， that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。 seem＋(to be)＋形容詞/名詞/介詞短語(yǔ)/分詞 seem＋to do/to have done/to be doing,It seems that.(用陳述語(yǔ)氣) It seems as if/as though.(從句可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣) There seems (to be)． seem like＋n.好像…… It seems that there is no way out of difficulty. 我們似乎無(wú)法擺脫困境。 There seems (to be) every reason to believe that business will get better. 看來(lái)，完全有理由相信生意會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)好。,[考試題] ①(2010·北京市崇文區(qū))Oh！My God！A file seems ________ by mistake! A. deleted b. to be deleted C. being deleted D. to have been deleted 答案與解析：D 此題考查不定式的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。seem to do似乎做某事“文件似乎已被刪除”，故選D項(xiàng)to have been done不定式的完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,②(合肥市質(zhì)檢)The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed ________ it pretty well. A. to prepare B. preparing C. having prepared D. to have prepared 答案與解析：D prepare動(dòng)作發(fā)生在seemed之前，故用不定式的完成時(shí)態(tài)。而seem后接動(dòng)詞不定式，seem to do sth.“似乎干……”，故選D項(xiàng)。,隨 堂 檢 測(cè) Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．They spent a lot of money e________ the school with computers. 2．The group o________ the mayor and is trying to find a candidate to run against him. 3．He went from city to city, s________ for work. 4．Nowadays more and more farmer workers leave their hometown and rush into big cities to make a f________.,equipping,opposes,seeking,fortune,5．Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't t________ so much noise. 6．We have to p________ going to France because the children are ill. 7．The high cost of equipment p________ many people from taking up this sport. 8．The activities of Welsh mines went into ________(減少)after about 1880.,tolerate,postpone,prohibits,decline,9．Completed projects must be ________(提交)by 10 March, 2010. 10．They have been living in reduced ________ (情形)since John lost his job.,submitted,circumstances,Ⅱ.選擇填空(有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)) in vain, at random, at all costs, straight away, stop sth. in its tracks, at any rate, wipe out 1．You are not to allow anyone to leave the room __________. 2．They have__________the enemy's major military targets. 3．The thief tried to open the locked door but ____________.,at all costs,wiped out,in vain,4．We may miss the next train, but ____________ we'll be there before noon. 5．When the teacher came in, she opened her book __________ and started reading.,at any rate,at random,Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示翻譯句子 1．要彌補(bǔ)已失去的時(shí)光是不可能的。(to be made up) 答案：It is impossible for lost time to be made up. 2．人們普遍認(rèn)為Bill Gates是世界上最富有的人。(be believed) 答案：Bill Gates is believed to be the richest man in the world.或It is believed that Bill Gates is the richest man in the world.,3．這次事故本來(lái)是可以避免的。(could have done ) 答案：This accident could have been prevented. 4．似乎有好多年沒有見你了。(seems) 答案：It seems like years since I last saw you.,Ⅳ.交際用語(yǔ) 1．(河南省聯(lián)考)—I put him down for a well-educated man. —________？ —I mean that he's a well-educated man. A．I beg your pardon B．Speak louder, will you C．What's that D．Will you repeat word for word,答案與解析：A 由下文語(yǔ)境“我的意思是他是一個(gè)受過(guò)良好教育的人”可知提問者沒有聽明白對(duì)方的話，用I beg your pardon來(lái)請(qǐng)求重復(fù)。,2．(鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))—It's getting late. I'm afraid I must be going now. —OK. ________. A. Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you later 答案與解析：D 句意：時(shí)間不早了，我該走了。因此答語(yǔ)為“再見”，在口語(yǔ)中通常用“See you later”或“See you”。 Take it easy“不緊張，不生氣，不激動(dòng)”等，用來(lái)安慰對(duì)方，而B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)屬于漢語(yǔ)式的表達(dá)。,Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法專練 1．(2010·福建期末)—If you ________ to the party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim. —I caught a cold, for I had been walking around in the rain. A．came B．had come C．would come D．would have come 答案：B,2．(2010·東至聯(lián)考)No student ________ go out of the school campus after ten o'clock at night without permission, according to the school regulations. A. will B. must C. may D. shall 答案：D,3．(2010·學(xué)軍中學(xué)) Miss Pei is on time for everything. How ________ it be ________ she was late for the opening ceremony? A. must; where B. can; that C. should; when D. might; if 答案：B,4．(2010·安徽質(zhì)檢)—Mum, would you please buy me a MP5 player? —If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation, you ________ have one as a reward. A．must B．need C．would D．shall 答案：D,5．(2010·淄博上學(xué)期期末) In fact, you ________ go outside at all. There's a supermarket just downstairs. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't 答案：C,6．(2010·濰坊測(cè)試) Can you imagine that a smart man like him ________ make such a stupid mistake? A. might B. should C. would D. need 答案：B,7．(2010·膠州診斷)—Be quick，please.I have to be there by 900. —________，but I'll try my best. A．That's all right B．No problem C．I can't promise D．It's impossible 答案：C,課時(shí)檢測(cè)B21(Unit 21 Human Biology),Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—Is there anyone who ________ the plans put forward by the committee? —No one. A．differs B．opposes C．disagrees D．refuses 答案與解析：B 句意：——有人反對(duì)由該委員會(huì)提出的這些計(jì)劃嗎？——沒有。oppose指“經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真考慮后反對(duì)”，符合題意。differ為不及物動(dòng)詞，與from搭配，表示“與……不同”；disagree“不同意”，需加with/on/to后才能跟賓語(yǔ)；refuse“拒絕”，為及物動(dòng)詞。,2．Somewhat better ________ academically, he returned home to continue his experiment. A. furnished B. equipped C. provided D. installed 答案與解析：B equip“(智力、體力上)使有準(zhǔn)備；裝備；武裝”，符合題意。furnish(用家具)裝備(居室)；provide提供，供應(yīng)；install安裝(儀器、設(shè)備等)。,3．Thieves ________ the bank ________ thousands of dollars, the course of which was tape-recorded by a video. A．robbed; from B．robbed; of C．stole; of D．stole; from 答案與解析：B 句意：小偷們搶了銀行數(shù)千美元，整個(gè)過(guò)程都被錄像機(jī)錄了下來(lái)。rob sb. of sth.搶了某人某物；steal sth. from sb.偷了某人某物。,4．—Why do you Chinese always add something red to the family during the Spring Festival? —Because it is believed in China that red things will bring good ________ in the coming year. A．fortune B．fame C．wealth D．money 答案與解析：A 由常識(shí)可知，中國(guó)人認(rèn)為紅色的東西能為人們?cè)趤?lái)年帶來(lái)好運(yùn)，故用fortune“運(yùn)氣”。fame名聲，名詞；wealth財(cái)富，財(cái)產(chǎn)；money錢。,5．—Why did you sell the house at a very low price? —I have no other choice. The ________ forced me to do that. A. state B. condition C. circumstance D. cnvironment 答案與解析：C 句意：——你為什么把房子低價(jià)出售了？——我沒有其他選擇了。當(dāng)時(shí)的情況迫使我那么做的。circumstance作“情況，環(huán)境”講時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，符合題意。state“狀態(tài)”；condition“條件，情況”，指一定時(shí)間內(nèi)人的感覺或事情所處的情況；environment“(自然)環(huán)境”。,6．It is very clear that TV programs usua