2012高一英語(yǔ)課件：1.4 Unit1《Friendship》（人教版必修1福建專用）

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Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing,直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(Ⅰ) 一、概念,1．直接引語(yǔ)：當(dāng)我們引用別人的話語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果引用的是原話，被引用的部分就叫直接引語(yǔ)。 The teacher asked，“Do you like English？” The girl said，“I like English very much.” 注意：引語(yǔ)前常使用逗號(hào)，而不是冒號(hào)；引號(hào)內(nèi)直接引語(yǔ)的單詞首字母要大寫。,2．間接引語(yǔ)：當(dāng)我們要引用別人的話語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述過來，被轉(zhuǎn)述的部分叫做間接引語(yǔ)。 The teacher asked the girl if she liked English. The girl said that she liked English very much. 注意：間接引語(yǔ)不用逗號(hào)、引號(hào)；間接引語(yǔ)要考慮人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和指示代詞的變化。,二、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的規(guī)則,三、時(shí)態(tài)的變化 如主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化；如主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)則無需變化。,四、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化,五、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)“五不變”原則,Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 將所給的直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)。 1．He asked her，“Where are you going？” He asked her________ ________ ________ ________. 答案： where she was going,2．The lady said，“I shall go there on time.” The lady said that________ ________go there on time. 答案： she would 3．He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday.” He told me________ ________ ________to his father________ ________ ________. 答案： he had written；the day before,4．The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus？” The teacher asked________ ________ ________waiting for the bus. 答案： if I was 5．The professor said，“Light travels much faster than sound.” The professor said that light________much faster than sound. 答案： travels,6．She said，“My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” She said that________mother________ ________ ________to an exhibition________ ________ ________. 答案： her；had taken her；the day before 7．My sister said to me，“I will come here next week.” My sister________me that________ ________ ________ ________ ________next week. 答案： told；she would go there the,8．“How are you feeling now？”the doctor asked him. The doctor asked him________ ________ ________feeling________. 答案： how he was；then,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．The teacher said that Columbus________America in 1492. A．discovered B．found C．had discovered D．had found 解析： 解答本題的關(guān)鍵在于把握整句的語(yǔ)境，確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)形式。直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的表過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)，另外，find意為“找到失去的東西或在某個(gè)場(chǎng)所發(fā)現(xiàn)某人”，與此題句意不符。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)了原本存在的事物”。 答案： A,2．After the examination，my teacher told me that failure________the mother of success. A．was B．is C．be D．been 解析： 表示“真理，事實(shí)”的直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 答案： B,3．The child asked his mother________go out to play tennis. A．that he could B．if he could C．if could he D．that could he 解析： 直接引語(yǔ)若為一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用if或whether來引導(dǎo)，且從句中用陳述句語(yǔ)序。 答案： B,4．Mr Brown said he________me the next week. A．would see B．will see C．had seen D．saw 解析： 由句中the next week這一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)需用過去將來時(shí)。 答案： A,5．The mother asked her son________. A．what did he do the day before B．where did he find his lost wallet C．what time he got up that morning D．that if he had finished his homework,解析： 直接引語(yǔ)為特殊疑問句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)需用陳述語(yǔ)氣，排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句時(shí)，變成間接引語(yǔ)可用引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)；直接引語(yǔ)為一般疑問句，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用if或whether引導(dǎo)，故排除D項(xiàng)。 答案： C,6．—He said，“What’s the matter？” —He asked________. A．what the matter is B．what the matter was C．what is the matter D．what was the matter,解析： what’s the matter是一個(gè)陳述句語(yǔ)序的句子，在變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變，只改變時(shí)態(tài)。 答案： D,7．My mother often says that she________happy with us. A．is B．was C．had been D．would be 解析： 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。故用is。 答案： A,8．Tom told the boss of his company that he________born in 1956. A．was B．had been C．is D．has been 解析： 在有具體的過去時(shí)間作狀語(yǔ)的直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，仍然用一般過去時(shí)。 答案： A,9．He said that his car________stolen and that he________have to telephone the police. A．was；would B．has been；will C．had been；would D．had been；will,解析： 間接引語(yǔ)雖然是由and連接的兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句，但時(shí)態(tài)卻不一定一致，因?yàn)榇司涓臑橹苯右Z(yǔ)應(yīng)為：He said，“My car was (has been) stolen and I will have to telephone the police.”車子被盜是過去，而給警察打電話是將來(馬上，立即)，所以變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)分別與所對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)間一致。 答案： C,10．He asked me________I would go to Beijing by air the next day. A．that if B．if C．that whether D．how 解析： that，if和whether都是連接詞，不能連用；by air已經(jīng)明確了去北京的方式，故不選how。 答案： B,11．Could you please tell me________get to the nearest bookstore? A．how I can B．how can I C．where I can D．where can I 解析： 考查間接引語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞及語(yǔ)序。由the nearest bookstore可知，引導(dǎo)詞不用where，又因?yàn)殚g接引語(yǔ)要用陳述語(yǔ)序，故選A項(xiàng)。 答案： A,12．The teacher said that________. A．practice made perfect B．practice would make perfect C．practice makes perfect D．practice will make perfect 解析： “Practice makes perfect.”為諺語(yǔ)，故其時(shí)態(tài)在賓語(yǔ)從句中不用變化，所以選C。 答案： C,13．Mr Green asked Jack whether he had passed the exam________. A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day 解析： 由主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞asked可知從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，the day before常與過去完成時(shí)連用。 答案： B,14．The teacher told the students that there________a meeting at three o’clock. A．were going to have B．a(chǎn)re going to be C．will have D．was going to be 解析： 主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(told)為過去式，后面賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，故排除B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤。 答案： D,15．—When Tom________ ，please let me know. —Mary said when Tom________，just tell her about it. A．comes；comes B．came；came C．comes；came D．comes；coming 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。第一空為狀語(yǔ)從句中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來；第二空因主句謂語(yǔ)(said)為過去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。 答案： C,寫信：致歉 一、題目要求 假如你是王平，你和你的好朋友李強(qiáng)因?yàn)榻M織班級(jí)活動(dòng)時(shí)意見不一致產(chǎn)生了爭(zhēng)吵，當(dāng)時(shí)你的態(tài)度非常粗魯，結(jié)果李強(qiáng)不再理你了。事后你非常后悔，想向李強(qiáng)道歉，可是李強(qiáng)不給你解釋的機(jī)會(huì)。請(qǐng)你給李強(qiáng)寫一封信表達(dá)你的歉意，并請(qǐng)求他的原諒。,注意：1.詞數(shù)：100左右；2.內(nèi)容要適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，注意行文連貫；3.開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Li Qiang， In the past few days______________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________,二、關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ),三、連詞成句 1．最近幾天我一直在考慮上周所發(fā)生的事情。 In the past few days I’ve been thinking about what happened last week. 2．我知道讓你接受我的道歉很難。 I know that it will be very difficult for you to accept my apology.,3．我寫這封信的主要原因是我們的友誼太珍貴了，不能因?yàn)橐淮螤?zhēng)吵就失去。 The main reason why I’m writing you this letter is that our friendship is too valuable to lose over a silly argument.,四、構(gòu)思謀篇,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,