中考英語 話題十五 天氣試題1

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話題十五　天氣(Weather) Ⅰ.完形填空 A It was a very foggy day in London. The fog was so thick that it was __1__ to see more than a foot or so. __2__， cars and taxis were not able to run and were standing by the side of the road. People were trying to __3__ their way about on foot but were losing their way in the fog. Mr. Smith had a very important __4__ at the Houses of Parliament and had to get there but no one could take him. He tried to walk there __5__ found he was quite lost. Suddenly he bumped into a stranger. The stranger said, “Sir, if you want to go somewhere, I can__6__ you.” Mr. Smith was very __7__ and asked，“How can you find the way when there is thick fog __8__？” “Dont worry, sir，” answered the stranger. “__9__ me.” So Mr.Smith told the stranger __10__ he wanted to go, and they started. The fog was getting thicker every minute but the stranger had no __11__ in finding the way. They went along one street, turned down __12__， crossed a square and at last after about half an hours __13__ they arrived at the Houses of Parliament. Mr. Smith __14__ the stranger a pound. “It is wonderful. Im not late for meeting on time.” he said. “But how do you find the way in this fog？” “It is no trouble at all to me，” said the stranger, “I am __15__. Its exactly the same for me in the fog.” (C)1.A.able　　　　　 B．probable C．impossible D．enjoyable (B)2.A.Planes 　B．Buses 　 C．Ships 　D．Trains (A)3.A.find B．push C．lose D．force (D)4.A.lecture B．concert C．speech D．meeting (B)5.A.so B．but C．therefore D．a(chǎn)nd (A)6.A.guide B．teach C．remind D．choose (D)7.A.disappointed B．a(chǎn)fraid C．tired D．surprised (D)8.A.nowhere B．somewhere C．a(chǎn)nywhere D．everywhere (B)9.A.Leave B．Believe C．Forgive D．Remember (A)10.A.where　　 B．what　　 C．how　　 D．which (B)11.A.interest B．difficulty C．time D．need (A)12.A.another B．other C．one D．the other (D)13.A.ride B．work C．drive D．walk (D)14.A.lent B．borrowed C．returned D．gave (B)15.A.deaf B．blind C．clever D．lucky 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了史密斯先生要去國會(huì)開會(huì)但是在大霧的天氣里迷了路，一位陌生人帶他到了開會(huì)的地點(diǎn)，史密斯先生很好奇他是如何在大霧天找到方向的，陌生人告訴他說自己是一名盲人。 【答案精析】 1．C　考查形容詞辨析。able“有能力的”；probable“可能的”；impossible“不可能的”；enjoyable“享受的”。由上文大霧如此厚可知此處表示，人們不能看清楚。故選C。 2．B　考查名詞辨析。planes“飛機(jī)”；buses“公交車”；ships“輪船”；trains“火車”。由后文“and were standing by the side of the road”可知是一種停靠在路邊的交通工具，故選B。 3．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。find“找到”；push“推”；lose“失去”；force“迫使”。結(jié)合上下文內(nèi)容可知此處表示，人們努力找尋路的方向，但是都迷路了。 4．D　考查名詞辨析。lecture“講座”；concert“音樂會(huì)”；speech“演講”；meeting“會(huì)議”。由后文“It is wonderful. Im not late for meeting on time.”可知史密斯先生有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議?！? 5．B　考查連詞辨析。so“所以”；but“但是”；therefore“因此”；and“和；并且”。由空格前后的內(nèi)容可知此處表示，他努力走去那兒，但是發(fā)現(xiàn)自己迷路了。 6．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。guide“帶領(lǐng)，引導(dǎo)”；teach“教”；remind“提醒”；choose“選擇”。由后文內(nèi)容可知，陌生男子帶領(lǐng)史密斯先生去了國會(huì)。故選A。 7．D　考查形容詞辨析。disappointed“失望的”；afraid“害怕的”；tired“疲憊的”；surprised“驚訝的”。因?yàn)殪F很濃大家都看不清楚路，史密斯先生對(duì)于陌生人能幫他帶路感到驚訝，通過后文他問的話可以看出。故選D。 8．D　考查不定代詞辨析。nowhere“沒有地方”；somewhere“某個(gè)地方”；anywhere“任何地方”；everywhere“到處”。由上下文語境可知此處表示，到處都是濃霧，故選D。 9．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。leave“離開”；believe“相信”；forgive “原諒”；remember“記得”。由上文內(nèi)容陌生男子叫史密斯先生別擔(dān)心，說明他很自信，因此他說“請(qǐng)相信我”。 10．A　考查疑問代詞辨析。where“哪里”；what“什么”；how“怎樣”；which“哪一個(gè)”。由空格后的want to go可知此處表示史密斯先生告訴他要去哪里。 11．B　考查名詞辨析。interest“興趣”；difficulty“困難”；time“時(shí)間”；need“必要”。由上下文語境可知此處表示，陌生男子在濃霧下找路沒有任何困難，have no difficulty in doing sth. 表示“做某事沒有困難”，故選B。 12．A　考查代詞辨析。another“另一個(gè)”；other“其他的”； one“一個(gè)”；the other“兩者中的另一個(gè)”。由上下文語境可知此處表示，他們走過一條街轉(zhuǎn)向另一條街。one...another...“一個(gè)……，另一個(gè)……”，故選A。 13．D　考查名詞辨析。ride“乘；騎”；work“工作”；drive“駕駛”；walk“步行”。由上文可知，他們是步路去的，故選D。 14．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。lent“借(出)”；borrowed“借(進(jìn))”；returned“返回”；gave“給”。由空格后的a pound及上下文語境可知此處表示，史密斯先生給了帶路的陌生人一英鎊。give ab. sth.“給某人某物”，為固定搭配，故選D。 15．B　考查形容詞辨析。deaf “聾的”；blind“盲的”； clever“聰明的”；lucky“幸運(yùn)的”。由下“句對(duì)他來說有沒有霧都一樣”，可知他是盲人。 B 請(qǐng)先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。每個(gè)詞限用一次。 happen　weather　terrible　go　but die　show　home　clear　endangered There have been thousands of studies on climate change. The main message of all those studies is: climate change is real, and it is 1 happening here and there in our world. Scientists recently showed a study on climate change, from the effects on 2 endangered animals to changes in agriculture(農(nóng)業(yè)). The new report tells us just how 3 terrible the effects of a warming world will be. According to the study, rivers of ice will continue to 4 go away as the climate warms. Living things on land and in the sea are changing their range in answering the warmer 5 weather,__and some will face an increased risk of 6 death. The seas will continue to become more acidic(酸的), killing many living things in the sea. 7 But the report does not try to show us the extent of the effects. It just wants 8 to__show how difficult it is to find out how the planet will deal with rising temperatures. The report makes us 9 clearly know about a changing climate. And it puts climate change in the situation of the too many other risks that humans face. The planet that is 10 home to some 7 billion people is already a place thats kind of small—and uncontrolled warming could get us into trouble. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。聯(lián)合國氣候變化委員會(huì)最近發(fā)布了一個(gè)研究結(jié)果：全球變暖的負(fù)面影響非常嚴(yán)重，冰川將繼續(xù)萎縮，海洋繼續(xù)變酸，陸地和海洋物種正被迫改變他們的生存空間。 【答案精析】 1．happening　由空格前的內(nèi)容及空格后的“here and there”可知此處表示，氣候變化是真的，它在世界上到處都會(huì)發(fā)生，因?yàn)榍懊嬗衖s，所以要填動(dòng)詞的－ing形式，表示正在發(fā)生。 2．endangered　分析句子成分可知，此處缺一形容詞。由后文內(nèi)容可知此處表示，氣候變化從對(duì)瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物的影響，到對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的改變。故填endangered。 3．terrible　此句中how表示程度，意為“多么”，可知后應(yīng)填一個(gè)形容詞，由常識(shí)可知，全球變暖的結(jié)果是不好的，故填terrible。 4．go　由to可知此處填動(dòng)詞原形，go away表示“離開，消失”，為固定短語。句意為“隨著全球變暖，河流冰川將會(huì)消失?！? 5．weather　分析句子成分可知，此處缺一名詞；結(jié)合上下文及所給詞匯可知此處指“變暖的天氣對(duì)生物生存空間的影響”。故填weather。 6．death　前文提到氣候變化對(duì)生物的不良影響可知此處表示，生物將會(huì)面臨連續(xù)增加的死亡的危險(xiǎn)，由介詞of可知此處應(yīng)該填die的名詞形式death。 7．But　由空格后的內(nèi)容可知此處表示，這個(gè)報(bào)道只是想向我們表明地球解決氣候變暖的問題有多么困難，可以判斷此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示報(bào)道并不是要向我們表明嚴(yán)重的后果。注意句首首字母大寫。 8．to show　由上文“try to show”可知此處表示這個(gè)報(bào)道只是想向我們表明地球解決氣候變暖的問題有多么困難，want to do sth.為固定句型，故填to show。 9．clearly　分析句子成分可知此處缺少副詞修飾動(dòng)詞make，由上文內(nèi)容可知此處表示“報(bào)道向我們清楚地表明氣候變化”，故填副詞clearly。 10．home　分析句子可知此處需要一個(gè)名詞，結(jié)合備選單詞及空后“some 7 billion people is already a place”可知home符合語境。be home to“……的家園”，為固定搭配，故填home。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence(智力) and feelings. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have some kind of ailment and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1983 report by scientists, IQ(智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have more intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July and August)． Weather also has a strong influence on peoples feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a tough time in hot summer. At about 18℃， people become stronger. Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weathers problem. (B)1.What does the underlined word “ailment” mean in the passage? A．Danger.　　　　　B．Disease. C．Influence. D．Fear. (C)2.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A．weather B．temperature C．IQ D．wind (C)3.The writer wants to tell us that ________. A．hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way B．weather influences peoples behavior C．IQ changes when weather changes D．people feel good on low pressure days (D)4.Which is the best title for this passage? A．Hot Weather Causes Health Problems B．Different Weather Makes People Feel Bad C．Weather Influences Feelings D．Weather Influences Health, Intelligence and Feelings 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。作者用舉例的方法說明了天氣變化對(duì)于人體健康、智商和心情的影響。 【答案精析】 1．B　詞義猜測(cè)題。danger“危險(xiǎn)”； disease“疾病”；influence“影響”；fear“恐懼”。由畫線部分后的“and other kinds of health problems”可知，and連接兩個(gè)并列短語的意思相近，故選B。 2．C　單詞指代題。由第三段第二句中“IQ(智商) of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came”可知，有風(fēng)的天氣人的智商是很高的，可知此處表示天氣熱的時(shí)候智商會(huì)變低，所以后文it 也是指代智商。 3．C　作者意圖題。由文章大意和第一段“Different weather makes people feel different.It influences health, intelligence(智力) and feelings.”可知，天氣對(duì)于人的智商是有影響的。 4．D　標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，本文主要說明氣候?qū)θ说挠绊憽? B 請(qǐng)先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇五個(gè)還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。 We know that many animals do not stay in one place. 1__C__ They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily, but others move to get away from places that are too crowded. When cold weather comes, many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration(遷移) is probably the migration of the fish which is called “salmon”. 2__G__ There it spends its life. When it is old, it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. 3__D__ They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way the seaside, and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea. 4__E__ Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody knows where they go. So, sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another, but at other times we dont. 5__A__ A．Maybe living things just like to travel. B．Many animals like living in groups. C．Birds, fish and other animals move from one place to another at a certain time. D．They leave their mountain homes when they become too crowded. E．Recently, scientists have studied the migration of a kind of lobster(龍蝦). F．The climate changes a lot, so the environment is changing all the time. G．This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了許多動(dòng)物的遷徙過程，以及對(duì)它們遷徙的原因的探究：大多數(shù)情況是為了獲取更多的食物，或者是為了更多的生存空間，但有時(shí)我們也不確定它們遷徙的原因。 【答案精析】 1．C　空格前說許多動(dòng)物不會(huì)總在一個(gè)地方停留，空格之后的說它們因各種原因遷徙，因此C選項(xiàng)與前后語境相符。 2．G　第二段說的是一種魚類的遷徙，故G選項(xiàng)符合語境。 3．D　因第三段開頭說的是老鼠，空格后的句子是說這種老鼠的遷徙方式，所以D選項(xiàng)符合上下文語境。 4．E　由第三段后面的介紹，可知此段是說一種龍蝦的遷徙，而只有E說到了龍蝦，且可以用于段落的開頭。 5．A　最后一段講的是對(duì)于人和動(dòng)物為什么要遷徙的問題，人們有時(shí)了解有時(shí)不明白，而A選項(xiàng)中的Maybe正好是表明推測(cè)原因的詞。故選A。 Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 請(qǐng)閱讀下面對(duì)話，根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容補(bǔ)上所缺的句子，使對(duì)話通順、合理，意思完整。(每空一句) Li Yang：Youve lived in Beijing for many Years. 1__Whats__the__weather__like__in__Beijing? Mathew：Not very good at the moment, Im afraid. Its quite wet because we have too much rain this month of spring. Li Yang：2__Which__season__do__you__like__best？/Whats__your__favorite__season? Mathew：I like autumn best. Its not too hot or cold. The days are clear and the weather is cool. Li Yang：3__Have__you__watched__the__weather__report__on__TV？ /Have__you__listened__to__the__weather__report? Mathew：Yes, I have. The weather report said the rain would stop in three days. If the rain stops, we can have a spring trip. Would you like to go with me? Li Yang：4__Sure,__Id__love__to. Its my favorite outdoor activity. Mathew：Thats good. Do you have a bicycle? I think its exciting to go on a bike riding in spring. Li Yang：5__Oh,__I__dont__have__any__bikes. Mathew：It doesnt matter. I can borrow one for you. Li Yang：Thank you very much. Its really nice of you. Mathew：Youre welcome. Ⅳ.書面表達(dá) 假如你是Li Lin，你的英國筆友Eric發(fā)郵件詢問你中國霧霾(smog)的情況如何。請(qǐng)按提示寫一封電子郵件就我們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo(hù)地球談?wù)勀愕目捶ā? 要求：1.意思連貫、語句通順，包括所有要點(diǎn)； 2．開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)，不少于80詞。 Dear Eric， Im glad to receive your E-mail. Let me tell you about the smog in China.________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes， Li Lin 【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．本文可以從三個(gè)方面來展開介紹，霧霾的起因，霧霾的危害以及如何保護(hù)地球減少霧霾的措施，可以適當(dāng)加上自己的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行拓展； 2．本文是郵件的形式，介紹自己家鄉(xiāng)霧霾的情況和自己的觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，用第一人稱； 3．詞數(shù)應(yīng)不少于80，不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和校名。 【寫作模板】 【高分范文】 Dear Eric， Im glad to receive your E-mail. Let me tell you about the smog in China.The smog is serious in some big cities.What causes smog? The factories and cars pour dirty smoke and pollute the air.Many trees are cut down.Smog may cause many diseases such as breathing problems, heart disease and so on. In my opinion, what we should do is just doing some small things, such as not taking in the car, asking people around not to burn the waste and planting more trees.We all need a beautiful earth to live on, so lets take actions! Best wishes， Li Lin