年人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納.doc

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. —－可編輯修改，可打印—— 別找了你想要的都有！ 精品教育資料 ——全冊(cè)教案，，試卷，教學(xué)課件，教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)等一站式服務(wù)—— 全力滿足教學(xué)需求，真實(shí)規(guī)劃教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié) 最新全面教學(xué)資源，打造完美教學(xué)模式 2017年人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納 1. foot---feet?腳?<復(fù)> tooth---teeth?牙齒?<復(fù)> 2. have a cold?感冒 3. have a stomachache?胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉嚨疼 6. have a fever發(fā)燒 7. lie down and (have a)rest?躺下休息 have a rest?休息 8. hot tea with honey?加蜜的熱茶 9. see a dentist?看牙醫(yī) see a doctor 看醫(yī)生 10.drink lots of water多喝水 11.lots of?,a lot of 許多；大量 a lot a lot of=lots of，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中。： a lot,是一個(gè)副詞詞組，跟動(dòng)詞連用；表示十分，很等意思； Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. That’s a good idea好主意 14. go to bed?去睡覺 go to bed early 早上床睡覺 15. feel well感到好???feel ill?感到不舒服 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感覺不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth開始做某事 to do 是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情 doing是原來的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。 17. two days ago兩天前 18. get some rest?多休息；休息一會(huì)兒 19. I think so我認(rèn)為是這樣 20. be thirsty口渴 ??? 21. be hungry?饑餓 22. be stressed out緊張 23. listen to music聽音樂 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī) 26. need to do sth?需要做某事 I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.??我牙痛,?我需要去看牙醫(yī). We need to keep our classroom clean.?我們需要保持教室的干凈. 27. too much +?不可數(shù)名詞???太多的…? much too +形/副???實(shí)在太…?極其，非常 too many +?可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)?太多的… 28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 對(duì)……有益 ，對(duì)……有好處 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 對(duì)……有害 be good to 對(duì)…好 be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅長(zhǎng) 29.get good grades 取得好成績(jī)??? 30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的氣 be angry at/ about sth?就某事生氣 31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 ?It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 32.balanced diet平衡飲食 33.get tired?感到疲倦 be/get tired? 34.stay healthy?保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health 35.He shouldn’t eat anything.=He should eat nothing.?他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西. 36.give sb some advice給某人建議give advice 提出建議 advice 是不可數(shù)名詞 ???a piece of advice 一則建議 take one’s advice 采納或聽從某人的建議 He gave me some good?advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意見。 49.sleep 8 hours a night 每晚睡眠八小時(shí) get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠 50.take medicine 吃藥 服藥 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因?yàn)楦忻?，我不得不一天吃三次藥? 二 固定結(jié)構(gòu) It’s +形容詞 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事對(duì)某人來說是…的。 It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。 It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.?平衡飲食對(duì)我來說是很重要的. It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s easy for us to find out the answer.??找出答案對(duì)我們來說是容易的 三．重點(diǎn)句子 1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？ ?=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t?…?????那太糟糕了.?你應(yīng)該/不該… You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing.?他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西. 3.I’m not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替 I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感覺不舒服. 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么時(shí)候開始的？大約兩天前 5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起來 這里better是well的比較級(jí) 10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。 → It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要 四．知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu) 1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法 should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為"應(yīng)該......"。 should（應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該）用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。 eg. You should wait a little more. 你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。 --- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。 --- You should lie down and have a rest.你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。 2.maybe與may?be 　　1.maybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當(dāng)于“perhaps”。如： 　　　Maybe he can answer the question.　　　也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。 　　　He maybe is from the USA, too. 　　　他可能也來自美國(guó)。 　　2.may be中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯為“可能是......”。如： 　　　He may be from the USA, too.　 　　他可能也來自美國(guó)。 　　　She may be our English teacher.　　　她可能是我們的英語(yǔ)老師 3.few、a few、little、a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系： 1.few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個(gè)。 例如： He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。 2.little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。 a little 表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎？ 4.not…until? 直到 …(否定句) 才，動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞 ?She didn’t leave until we came. He went shopping after he got up.? =He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.? ……until/till?? 直到··· （肯定句）動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock. Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks. 一．知識(shí)點(diǎn)： 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞小結(jié) 常見短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種： 1.動(dòng)詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關(guān)掉 stay up 熬夜 這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，如果其賓語(yǔ)是代詞，就必須放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，也可放在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。 2. 動(dòng)詞+介詞 如：listen to 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬于 這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語(yǔ)。 3. 動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完，耗盡 4. 動(dòng)詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住 1.cheer (sb.) up使(某人)高興、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高興 clean up 打掃 clean-up n. 打掃 2. homeless adj. 無家可歸的 a homeless boy 一個(gè)無家可歸的男孩 3. sick adj. 生病的 作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ) ill adj. 生病的 作表語(yǔ) ，不能作定語(yǔ) 4. volunteer to do v. 志愿效勞、主動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn) volunteer n. 志愿者 5. come up with 提出 想出=think up 想出 catch up with 趕上 追上 6. put off doing 推遲做某事 put on 穿上 (指過程) put up 張貼 7. write down 寫下 記下 8. call up 打電話 make a telephone call 打電話 10. set up 成立 建立 The new hospital was set up in 2000. 這座醫(yī)院是在2000年成立的。 11. each 每個(gè) 各自的 強(qiáng)調(diào)第一個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)別情況 常與of 連用 every 每個(gè) 每一個(gè)的 一切的 則有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用 12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用 They put the new machine to use. 他們把新機(jī)器投入使用 13. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English help do 幫助做某事 help study 14. plan to do 計(jì)劃做某事 plan + 從句 I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我計(jì)劃去北京。 15. spend … doing 花費(fèi)……做 I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的時(shí)間去參觀北京。 spend… on sth.花費(fèi)……在 I spent 3 years on English. 16. join 參加 (指參加團(tuán)體、組織) 如：join the Party 入黨 take part in 參加 (指參加活動(dòng)) 如： take part in sports meeting 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) 17. run out 與 run out of run out (become used up). 其主語(yǔ)往往為物。如時(shí)間，食物，金錢，油等，本 身就含有被動(dòng)意義。 run out of 主語(yǔ)為人，表示主動(dòng)含義。 18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)與(父母等)相像 be similar to 與..相像 take after 相像 look after 照顧 take care of 照顧 19. work out v. + adj. ①結(jié)局，結(jié)果為 The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個(gè)策略效果很好。 ②算出，制訂出，消耗完（精力等） He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲乏似的。 He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。 I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。 21. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛 I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購(gòu)物中心閑蕩。 22. be able to do 能 會(huì) be unable to do 不能 不會(huì) 23. thank you for doing 謝謝做某事 如： thank you for helping me 謝謝做幫助我 24. for sure 確實(shí)如此，毫無疑問 You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。 25. fill… with… 使…充滿… 用…填充… She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填滿碗。 26. hand out 分發(fā) hand out bananas give out 分發(fā) give out sth to sb. 分….給某人 give up doing 放棄… give up smoking 放棄吸煙 give away 贈(zèng)送 捐贈(zèng) give away sth. to …. give away money to kids give sb. sth. 給某人某東西 give me money 給我錢 give sth. to sb. 給某人某東西 give money to me 給我線 27. help sb. out 幫助…做事，解決難題(擺脫困境) I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請(qǐng)你幫我解決。 28. train n. 火車 train v. 訓(xùn)練 train sb. to do. 訓(xùn)練某人做某事 She trains her dog to fetch things. 她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。 29. at once == right away 立刻 馬上 如： Do it at once. 馬上去做。 I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我馬上去那里。 30. one day 有一天 (指將來/過去) some day 有一天(指將來) 如： One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我將去北京。 34. disabled adj. 肢體有殘疾的 disable v. 不能 36. volunteer ①可數(shù)名詞 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的? vi. volunteer to do sth They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他們是中國(guó)人民志愿軍。 I volunteer to help you. 我自愿幫助你。 二．句子 1. We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃，清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。 2. She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰W(xué)的課后輔導(dǎo)中心工作，使這個(gè)愛好得到較好的利用 3. Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 幫助別人不但自己感到快樂，而且我開始花時(shí)間做自己喜歡做的事了。 4. The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 這三個(gè)學(xué)生計(jì)劃在他們校開展一個(gè)學(xué)生志愿者項(xiàng)目。 5. He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他還貼了一些需求舊自行車的告。 6. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 幾米想出的這個(gè)辦法很效。 7. We need to come up with a plan. 我們需要指定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。 8. You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以幫助打掃城市公園。 9. He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛要修理的自行車，并準(zhǔn)備把這些修好的自行車贈(zèng)送給那些沒有自行車的孩子。 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 一．重要詞組及短語(yǔ) 1. could you please do sth.? 你能……嗎？/ 請(qǐng)你干……好嗎？ 2. do the chores 做雜務(wù) 3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清掃地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾 6. make one's bed 鋪床 7. fold one's clothes 疊衣服 8. clean the living room 清掃客廳 9. stay out late 晚歸 10. come over 過來 11. have a test 考試 12. get a ride 搭車 13. use one's computer 使用某人的電腦 14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 討厭某事/做某事 15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服17. wash the car 刷車 16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做飯 18. work on 從事，忙于 ? work at 學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、在……上下工夫 19. borrow some money 借一些錢 ??? borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入) ??? lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借給某人某物(借出) ??? You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些錢。 ??? Can you lend me your bike??你能借給我你的自行車嗎？ 20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 ??? They invited me to join their club. 他們邀請(qǐng)我參加俱樂部。 ??? invite sb to a place?邀請(qǐng)某人去某地??? invite you to my party 21. go to the store 去商店 22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見 ??? disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意見 23. take care of = look after 照顧、照看、照料?? take good care of = look after … well 把……照管得好 26. take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步 27. play with sb. 和某人玩 28. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(未做) ? forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(做過) （2）關(guān)于 to 的短語(yǔ)總結(jié)： ?? have to do sth.?不得不，必須做某事 ?? need to do sth.?需要做某事?? hate to do sth. 討厭做某事 ?? like to do sth. 喜歡做某事?? want to do sth. 想做某事 ?? love to do sth. 熱愛做某事?? forget to do sth. 忘記做某事 ?? start to do sth. 開始做某事?? begin to do sth. 開始做某事 ?? ask sb to do sth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事 二．重點(diǎn)句型 1. Could you please clean your room? ?? Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first. 2. Could I please use the car? Sure. / Certainly. / Of course.?/?No, you can't. I have to go out. ?? Unit4 Why don’t you talk to your parents? 一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1. have free time有空閑時(shí)間 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事 3. hang out with sb. 與某人閑逛 4. after-school classes課外活動(dòng)課 5. get into a fight with sb. 與某人吵架/打架 6. until midnight直到半夜 7. talk to sb. 與某人交談 8. too many太多 9. study too much學(xué)得過多 10. get enough sleep有足夠的睡眠 11. write sb. a letter給某人寫信 12. call sb. up打電話給某人 13. surprise sb. 令某人驚訝 14. look through翻看 15. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣 16. a big deal重要的事 17. work out成功地發(fā)展;解決 18. get on with和睦相處；關(guān)系良: 19. fight a lot經(jīng)常吵架/打架 20. hang over籠罩 21. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主動(dòng)提出做某事 23. so that以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the time一直 26. in future今后 27. make sb. angry使某人生氣 28. worry about sth. 擔(dān)心某事 29. copy one’ s homework抄襲某人的作業(yè) 30. be oneself做自己 31. family members 家庭成員 32. spend time alone獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)光 33. give sb. pressure給某人施壓 34. have a fight with sb. 與某人吵架 35. compete with sb. 與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 36. free time activities業(yè)余活動(dòng) 37. get better grades取得更好的成績(jī) 38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的觀點(diǎn) 39. learn exam skills學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)試技巧 40. practice sports體育訓(xùn)練 41. cause stress造成壓力 42. cut out刪除 一. 重要詞匯和句型 1. get ( 1 ) 買 get sth. for sb. == get sb. sth. 為某人買某物 Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ? == Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ? ( 2 ) 得到, 到達(dá) Where did you get the book ? When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night . (3) 使, 讓 get + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ) 使某人\ 某物 怎么樣 Please get you coat clean . Get your mouth closed . get sb. to do sth. 使某人\ 某物做某事 I got him to call Jim yesterday . (4) ( 逐漸) 變得…The weather gets warmer and days get longer . Why did the teacher get angry ? 2. how about \ what about 后跟名詞\ 代詞\ 動(dòng)詞ing形式。 ( 1) 向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求 How about going out for a walk ?How about something to eat ? (2) 向?qū)Ψ秸髑笠庖娀蚩捶? How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ? ( 3 ) 詢問天氣或身體情況 How about the weather in Hainan Island ? How about your parents ? Are they living with you ? ( 4 ) 談話中承接上下文 I’m forty years old . How about you ? I’m from Beijing . How about you ? 3. receive 收到 The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday . receive a letter from == get a letter from == heard from收到某人的信 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday . = I got a letter from my parents last Sunday . = I heard from my parents last Sunday . accept 接受 He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts . She was very glad to receive the invitation . He didn’t receive a good education at university . I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it . 4. a 6--year – old child 一個(gè)六歲的孩子 6--year – old 是由 “數(shù)詞 +名詞 + 形容詞 ” 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞, 作前置定語(yǔ), 修飾后面的名詞child . 數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式： a five-year-old girl 一個(gè)五歲的女孩 a two-meter-long ruler 一把兩米長(zhǎng)的尺子 a ten-story-high building 一棟十層高的樓房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本兩英寸厚的詞典 5. too … to… 太…… 而不能 …… too 后跟形容詞或副詞原形, to 后跟動(dòng)詞原形, 構(gòu)成不定式. 句子的主語(yǔ)與 動(dòng)詞不定的主語(yǔ)不一時(shí), 可以在動(dòng)詞不定式前加邏輯主語(yǔ)for sb. He is too young to join the army ( 軍隊(duì)) . 他年紀(jì)太小，不能去參軍。 The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 這道數(shù)學(xué)題對(duì)我來說太難了，做不出。 too … to… 可以與 enough to 和 so… that … 轉(zhuǎn)換. 與enough to轉(zhuǎn)換 時(shí), enough 前的形容詞, 副詞必須是too 后面形容詞, 副詞的反義詞, 并使用其否定句式. She is too young to do the work . = she isn’t old enough to do the work . 與 so… that … 轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí), that 后面的從句要用否定形式. Tom is too tired to walk any farther . =Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther . 6. cost 1) 動(dòng)詞 , 花費(fèi) \ 價(jià)值 (多少錢 ) How much did it cost ? 這花了多少錢？ I didn’t buy it because it cost too much . 我沒有買，因?yàn)樗F了。 The meal cost us about 100 yuan . 這頓飯花費(fèi)了我大約100塊3. 7. pay , spend , cost , take 的區(qū)別 pay 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢 ) , 主語(yǔ)是人. Sb. pay some money for sth. I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week . 我上個(gè)星期花了5000買電腦。 Spend 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢或時(shí)間 ),主語(yǔ)是人. Sb. spend some money on sth. Sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth. I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week . She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework . 她花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。 cost 花費(fèi) ( 多少錢 ) , 主語(yǔ)是物. Sth. cost sb. some money . This jacket cost him 200 dollars . 這件夾克衫花費(fèi)她200美元。 take 花費(fèi) (時(shí)間 ),主語(yǔ)為It It takes sb. some time to do sth . 花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事 How long does it take sb. to do sth ? 花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間做某事? It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework . 劉紅花了2個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。 8. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep sleep 動(dòng)詞, 睡覺, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作. I am very tired . I want to sleep . 我很累，想睡覺。 sleeping , Sleep 的現(xiàn)在分詞, 表示 “ 正在睡覺” Don’t make so much noise . The baby is sleeping . 不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。 sleepy 想睡覺的, 困倦的. I am a little sleepy. I’d like to go to bed . 我有點(diǎn)困了，我想去床上睡覺了。 asleep 睡著了的. The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school . 老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆上課睡覺，放學(xué)后就把他留了下來。 fall asleep 強(qiáng)調(diào)從沒有睡著到睡著的過程, 不能接一段時(shí)間 I couldn’t fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。 be asleep 表示睡著后的狀態(tài) , “ 睡著了”, 可以接一段時(shí)間 . He was asleep for three hours . 他睡了3個(gè)小時(shí)。 9. choose 動(dòng)詞, “ 選擇,挑選 ” , 過去式chose, 過去分詞chosen choose to do sth. 選擇做某事 We choose Mike as our leader ( 領(lǐng)導(dǎo) ). 我們選擇邁克作為我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。 Will you help me choose a dictionary ? 你會(huì)幫我選一本字典嗎？ 10. open ( 1 ) 動(dòng)詞, 打開 , 開業(yè), 開張, 展現(xiàn) Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？ ( 2 ) 形容詞, be open 開著的, 開放的 On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public . 在周末，這個(gè)游泳池是對(duì)公眾開放的。 close 動(dòng)詞, 關(guān)閉, 關(guān)上 , 合上 closed 形容詞, be closed 關(guān)著的, 關(guān)閉的 11. rather than 而不是 …… 后面跟名詞, 代詞, 從句 The color seems green rather than blue . 這種顏色看上去像綠色而不是藍(lán)色。 We depend on you rather than on him . 我們依賴的是你父親而不是他。 prefer to do sth rather than do sth . 寧愿…… , 也不 …… She preferred to stay at home rather than go with us . 她寧愿待在家里也不愿和我們一起去。 12. instead (1) 位于句首, 表示 “ 反而, 相反” I didn’t go to the cinema last night，instead, I watched a football match on TV. 我昨天晚上沒有去看電影，反而是在家里看了場(chǎng)足球賽。 ( 2 ) 位于句尾, 表示 “ 作為代替, 而是” I don’t like this one , please give me that instead . 我不喜歡這件，給我那件吧。 instead of 后跟名詞, 代詞, 動(dòng)名詞, 介詞短語(yǔ).表示 “ 代替, 而不是” We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator ( 電梯 ) . 我們不是坐電梯下來，而是走樓梯。 13. encourage 動(dòng)詞, 鼓勵(lì), 激勵(lì) encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves . 家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該要鼓勵(lì)孩子們自己動(dòng)手做事情， 14. progress 名詞, “ 進(jìn)步, 進(jìn)展” make progress “取得進(jìn)步, 取得進(jìn)展” Tom is now making great progress at school . 湯姆現(xiàn)在在學(xué)校的進(jìn)步很大。 15. take an interest in ( doing ) sth. 對(duì) ( 做 )某事感興趣 否定表達(dá)是 take no interest in ( doing ) sth. 對(duì) ( 做 )某事不感興趣 Do you take an interest in English ? 你對(duì)英語(yǔ)感興趣嗎？ Most children take an interest in playing computer games . 大多數(shù)孩子對(duì)電腦游戲很感興趣。 21. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 Would you like to make friends with us ? 你想和我們交朋友嗎？ Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 一、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1. make sure 確信;確認(rèn) 2. beat against... 拍打… … 3. fall asleep 進(jìn)人夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著 4. die down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失 5. wake up 醒來 6. in a mess 一團(tuán)糟 7. break.. . apart 使……分離 8. in times of difficulty 在困難的時(shí)候 9. at the time of 當(dāng).......時(shí)候 10. go off (鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲 11. take a hot shower 洗熱水澡 12. miss the bus 錯(cuò)過公交車 13. pick up 接電話 14. bring... together 使……靠攏 15. in the area 在這個(gè)地區(qū) 16. miss the event 錯(cuò)過這個(gè)事件 17. by the side of the road 在路邊 18. the Animal Helpline 動(dòng)物保護(hù)熱線 19. walk by 走路經(jīng)過 20. make one’s way to. ?. 在某人去……的路上 21. hear the news 聽到這個(gè)消息 22., important events in history 歷史上的重大事件 23., for example 例如 24., be killed 被殺害 25., over 50 5 0多(歲） 26. a school pupil 一個(gè)小學(xué)生 27. on the radio 通過廣播 28., in silence 沉默;無聲 29., more recently 最近地;新近 30., the World Trade Center 世貿(mào)中心 31., take down 拆除;摧毀 32., have meaning to 對(duì)……有意義 33., remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 34., at first 首先;最初 一.重要短語(yǔ)和句型 1. arrive at 到達(dá)(小地方) arrive in到達(dá)(大地方) reach 到達(dá) get to 到達(dá) I arrived in Beijing last night . === I reached Beijing last night . == I got to Beijing last night . 如果賓語(yǔ)是副詞here, there, home, 介詞省略 2. in front of… 在 …… 的前面 (某一范圍外的前面) in the front of … 在 …… 的前面(某一范圍內(nèi)的前面) 3. take off (1)起飛 When did the plane take off yesterday ? 飛機(jī)什么時(shí)候起飛？ (2) 脫下(衣帽等) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room . 他一進(jìn)房間就脫掉了外套。 (3) 取消 They will take off the 5 am train . 他們?nèi)∠嗽缟?點(diǎn)的火車。 4. get out (of ) … 從……離開\出去\下來 A car stopped and a girl got out of it . 但從汽車\火車\船\飛機(jī)\馬匹上下來, 用get off … . 5．follow (1) 跟隨 I followed him up he hill . 我跟著他上了山. (2) 沿著……前進(jìn) Follow this road until you get to the post office .順著這條路一直到郵局. (3) 聽懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly ? I can’t follow you . 你能說慢點(diǎn)嗎？我聽不懂。 (4 )follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事Please follow me to read the story. 請(qǐng)跟我讀這個(gè)故事。 6. amazing 形容詞,修飾名詞令人驚奇的, 令人驚訝的 What an amazing book ! 真是令人驚訝的書本。 amaze動(dòng)詞使某人驚訝 Your letter amazed me .你嚇到我了。 be amazed at … 對(duì)…… 感到驚訝 Everyone was amazed at the bad news . 每個(gè)人對(duì)這個(gè)壞消息都感到驚訝。 7. shout at 大聲喊