高三英語 最后沖刺 高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)課件 .ppt
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高考詞匯,Hold住高分,問題,攻克,方法,能力,高考詞匯怎么復(fù)習(xí)?詞匯復(fù)習(xí)都有哪些好方法? 單詞記憶都有哪些方法?哪些記憶方法最有效? 高考??荚~綴詞根都有哪些?常見前綴有哪些? 常見后綴有哪些?常見詞根有哪些?,分類篩選:好鋼用在刀刃上,只做有用功(已知、半知和未知); 車輪戰(zhàn)術(shù):不求一次解決,但求常來常往;,高考詞匯怎么復(fù)習(xí)?詞匯復(fù)習(xí)都有哪些方法?,熟詞新義/新性:舊瓶也能裝新酒,注意一詞多性和一詞多義; 堅(jiān)持不懈,持之以恒:每日5-10分鐘; 閱讀中積累、增加詞匯量; 不放過任何一個(gè)詞綴(前綴和后綴)和詞根。,擠牛奶法:時(shí)間只要擠,總會(huì)有的。單詞每天都得擠點(diǎn)時(shí)間。都這個(gè)時(shí)候了,同學(xué)們一定要對(duì)自己狠一點(diǎn),不輕言放棄。記單詞貴在天天堅(jiān)持,善用零碎時(shí)間。,詞匯擴(kuò)展本:對(duì)于復(fù)習(xí)階段在閱讀等中遇到的生詞,要及時(shí)摘抄到詞匯擴(kuò)展本上,并不時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)、鞏固。,高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)的五個(gè)層次 第一個(gè)層次:發(fā)掘同根詞,掌握構(gòu)詞法常識(shí)。 記?。焊呖荚嚲碇邪迅呖家笤~匯的同根詞不作為生詞對(duì)待。,第二個(gè)層次:在構(gòu)詞法的基礎(chǔ)上,了解不同詞性的語法功能,有利于高考題目中的“任務(wù)型閱讀”的解決。 例如:(1)A good teacher should be good at creating more opportunities for the students.(create 為及物動(dòng)詞,其后需要直接跟賓語),(2)A good teacher should be good at developing the student’s creative thinking.(creative 為形容詞,它可以修飾名詞,或者做表語),(3)A good teacher should be good at developing the student’s creativity.(creativity是名詞,可以做賓語) (4)A good teacher should be good at making the student’s think creatively. (creatively 是副詞,在句中做狀語),第三個(gè)層次:關(guān)注活躍詞匯的常用搭配,以豐富學(xué)生高考中書面表達(dá)的語言表現(xiàn)力。 “Create”是一個(gè)非?;钴S的動(dòng)詞,關(guān)注活躍動(dòng)詞的搭配,有利于書面表達(dá)能力的培養(yǎng)。例如:,(1)Having a mixture of male and female nurses also helps create a fun atmosphere, which helps patients recover faster.(Unit1 M11 P11)(create a fun atmosphere意為“營造快樂的氛圍”),(2)Having more male nurses will help create a positive balance between male and female staff, and it will allow patients the choice of a male or female carer. (Unit1 M11 P11)(create a positive balance between A and B意為“在A和B之間建立一個(gè)積極的平衡”),(3)Mensa is a society for bright people, and it aims to create a platform for these people to share their thoughts and ideas. (Unit3 M11 P35)(create a platform for sb意為“為某人建立一個(gè)平臺(tái)”),(4)It is the responsibility of the government to create more job opportunities for the farmers. (create more job opportunities for sb意為“為某人創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”),(5)It is the responsibility of the government to create a positive balance between the development and the environment.(create a positive balance意為“搭建一個(gè)積極的平衡”),第四個(gè)層次:充分利用常用句型,以豐富自己高考中書面表達(dá)的語言表現(xiàn)力。 學(xué)生在書面表達(dá)中,語言表達(dá)過于“精煉”,即句子表達(dá)不豐滿,如:Creativity is the key to success.(創(chuàng)造力是成功的關(guān)鍵) 我們可以用以下方法豐富自己的語言表達(dá)能力:,1) 用短語或習(xí)語來豐富語言表現(xiàn)力 (1)As far as I’m concerned , creativity is the key to success. (2)To sum up/ In summary, creativity is the key to success.,(3)In my opinion/In my view, creativity is the key to success. (4)In a word, creativity is the key to success. (5)Generally speaking, creativity is the key to success.,2) 用副詞來豐富語言表現(xiàn)力 (1)Clearly , creativity is the key to success. (2)Apparently, creativity is the key to success. (3)Definitely, creativity is the key to success.,(4)Obviously, creativity is the key to success. (5)Briefly, creativity is the key to success. (6)Personally, creativity is the key to success.,3) 用從句來豐富語言表現(xiàn)力 (1)It’s widely accepted that creativity is the key to success. (2)It is clear that creativity is the key to success. (3)It is apparent that creativity is the key to success.,(4)It is obvious that creativity is the key to success. (5)It is definite that creativity is the key to success. (6)It is certain that creativity is the key to success.(以上六個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句為主語從句),(7)There is no doubt that creativity is the key to success. (8)There is no question that creativity is the key to success.(以上兩個(gè)例子為There be句型),(9)I want to stress that creativity is the key to success. (上例that引導(dǎo)的從句為賓語從句) (10)I want to stress the point that creativity is the key to success.(上例that引導(dǎo)的從句為同位語從句),(11)What I want to stress is that creativity is the key to success. (12)My opinion is that creativity is the key to success.,(13)My view is that creativity is the key to success. (14)My viewpoint is that creativity is the key to success.(上例四個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句為表語從句),第五個(gè)層次:對(duì)經(jīng)典句型借題發(fā)揮,以豐富學(xué)生高考中書面表達(dá)的語言表現(xiàn)力。 Creativity is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.,這樣就組成了如下表現(xiàn)力很豐富的句型: (1)Imagination is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well. (2)Determination is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.,(3)Honesty is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well. (4)Patience is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well. (5)Perseverance is a kind of basic quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well.,單詞記憶老大難問題: 記不住 記不快 記不牢,單詞記憶都有哪些方法?哪些方法最有效?,英語單詞記憶法 1)諧音法 舉例:(1)chase---追趕 分析:“錘”的諧音。記憶:追趕上它,然后錘死它。,(2) bamboo---竹子 分析:“半步”的諧音。記憶:這些竹子太重了,我只走了半步就累倒了。 (3) hypertension---高血壓 分析:“害怕天旋”的諧音。記憶:高血壓的病人都很害怕天旋地轉(zhuǎn)的感覺。,2)漢語拼音聯(lián)想法 舉例:(1)change---改變 分析:change---“嫦”的拼音;e---“娥”的拼音。記憶:嫦娥改變了對(duì)豬八戒的看法。,(2)danger---危險(xiǎn) 分析:dang---“擋”的拼音;er---“兒”的拼音。記憶:當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)來的時(shí)候,母親總會(huì)擋在兒子的前面。 (3)machine---機(jī)器 分析:ma---“馬”的拼音;chi---“吃”的拼音;ne---“呢”的拼音。記憶:機(jī)器馬需要吃什么食物呢?,拼音首字母法 舉例:(1)dirty---臟的 分析:di---“敵”的拼音;r---“人”的拼音首字母;ty---“湯圓”的拼音首字母。記憶:敵人的湯圓都是臟的,千萬不要吃。,(2)wobble---搖晃 分析:wo---“我”的拼音;bb---“爸爸”的拼音首字母;le---“樂”的拼音。記憶:我爸爸快樂地?fù)u晃著。,3)圖像法 舉例:(1)boom---繁榮 分析:boo---像數(shù)字600;m---可以聯(lián)想到“麥當(dāng)勞”。記憶:一條街上竟然開了600家麥當(dāng)勞店,真是夠繁榮??!,(2)pilot---飛行員 分析:pi---“屁”的拼音;lo---外形像數(shù)字10;t---外形像傘。記憶:放幾個(gè)屁,撐上10把傘,就能像飛行員一樣飛行。,4)化繁為簡法 舉例:(1)hesitate---猶豫 分析:he---他;sit---坐;ate---吃(eat)的過去式。記憶:他猶豫地坐著吃。 (2)catcall---喝倒彩 分析:cat---貓;call---喊叫。記憶:貓對(duì)著你喊叫,就是在向你喝倒彩。,5)以熟記新法 找到與陌生單詞非常近似的熟悉單詞 舉例:(1)widow---寡婦 分析:window---窗戶;n---“泥”的拼音首字母。記憶:寡婦的工作是要把窗戶上的泥擦干凈。,(2)roof---屋頂 分析:room---房間;f---外形像拐杖。記憶:我房間的屋頂上插滿了拐杖。,6)歸類法 (1)按同義詞或反義詞歸類 舉例:take off(脫下)與put on (穿上),safe(安全)與dangerous(危險(xiǎn));get to (到達(dá))與arrive at/in(到達(dá))與reach(到達(dá))。,(2)按同形異義詞、同形異音詞、異形同音詞、形音相似詞等加以分類。同形異義詞類常用的詞有:catch, carry, come, go, get, play等。例如: play football(踢足球);play basketball(打籃球);play the piano(彈鋼琴);play computer games(玩電腦游戲)。,7)反復(fù)熟悉法 卡片記憶法:要記住的生詞寫在一張張小卡片上,然后利用課余的時(shí)間進(jìn)行背誦,如課間、放學(xué)路上、睡覺前、坐車、等人時(shí)不斷拿出來翻看。有一些難記憶的單詞,可以挑選出來反復(fù)背誦,增強(qiáng)記憶。,Rearranged Preprogrammed Anticancer Overpass Sick-leave Indescribable Unbreakable Semidaily Multinational,高考??荚~綴詞根都有哪些?,構(gòu)詞法 1)合成法 blackboard, man-made, overthrow, however, everyone 2)轉(zhuǎn)化法 hand (n) — hand (v) ; break (v) — break (n); empty (a) —— empty (v),3)派生法 A.加前綴 dis-, in-, re-, un-, non- B.加后綴 –able , -al , -an , -ful , -ive ,-er , -ese , -ist, -ment , -ness , -tion , -fy ,-ian , -ing , -is(z)e, - ly , -teen , -ty , -th , -y,表時(shí)間和空間 前 pre- ex- fore- 后 re- step- post- 上 over- sur- 下,低 under- sub- de- 里 im- in- 外 ex- out- extra- 之間 inter- mid-,Preview Prewar Prearrange Previous,Review Recall Respond React,Exwife Exgirlfriend Expresident Steppresident Stepfather Stepson,Before Forehead Foresee Foretell Foreteller Forefather Forefinger,Postwar Postpone Postgraduate Postdoctoral Postmodernism,Overhead Overpass Underpass Underground Overestimate Underestimate,Surface Surround Surroundings Surpass Surplus Subway Subzero Subhealthy,Decrease Decline Defame,Import Export Impress Express Implicit Explicit Internal external,Inside Outside Indoor Outdoor Extraordinary Extra-territorial Alien,Internet International Interpersonal Interrupt Interact Intermediate Inter-school match,Midday Midnight Mid-term Mid-autumn,表程度 大 macro- 小 micro- mini- 多 multi- 半 semi- 超,過度 over- super- out-,Macro-economics Micro-economics Macroworld Microworld Macro-control Microwave oven Microscope Microphone,Mini-skirt Minibus Miniature Mini Cooper,Multimedia Multinational Multifunctional Semidaily Semifinal Semi-colonial Semi-feudal,Overweight Overdo Overdue Overreact Superman Supermarket Supernatural Outdated,表否定 否定 un- in- im- il- ir- non- dis- 反對(duì),反抗 anti- op- 誤、錯(cuò) mis-,Unhappy Unfair Incorrect Informal Impossible impolite,Illegal Illiterate Irregular Irreplaceable,Non-smoking Non-drinking Non-cooperative Non-violent Disagree Disappear Dislike,Anticancer Antibody Antibush Antiwar Antibiotics,Opposite Oppose Opponent,Mistake Mislead Misunderstand Misaddress,其他重要: 重復(fù),再 re- 共同 co- com- con- cor- col- 使成為 en- em- 遠(yuǎn) tele- 轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)移,跨越 trans- 一 uni- 二 bi- 三 tri-,Repeat Redial Remarry Reconsider,Coexist Cooperate Coincident Collaborate Concentrate Company,Enlarge Enrich Ensure Enable Embody Embitter Empower,Telescope Television Telegraph Telecommunication,Transport Translate Transplant Transform Transformer Transmit Transexual,Unicycle Bicycle Tricyle Uniform Unique,Bicultural Bilingual broadcast Biweekly Triangle Love triangle Triple jump Trinity = triunity,高考詞匯復(fù)習(xí)方法 1. 關(guān)注構(gòu)詞法。,out系列動(dòng)詞詞組,2. 仍要關(guān)注研究慣用詞組的考查。,,,,,carry out 執(zhí)行,實(shí)施,point out 指出,speak out 大聲說出,,,,,die out 滅絕,pull out 駛離車站,watch out (for) 當(dāng)心,注意,,,,,3.正確理解 “要求理解”和“要求掌握”的本質(zhì),避免片面極端。 詞匯分為“要求理解”和“要求掌握”兩類,在詞匯量大幅增加的情況下便于考生明確高考試卷中詞匯的設(shè)點(diǎn)考查范圍與要求。,實(shí)際上,要求理解的詞同學(xué)們須確保能夠正確辨認(rèn),了解常見的基本詞意與常見的搭配用法,高考卷中仍然有大量出現(xiàn)。如09高考卷: offence ; *academic a & n ---- academics n *consequence n ; unique a ; reserve n & v,例如:make: n. (不可數(shù)) 制造(法), a coat of excellent make 做工精致的大衣;(可數(shù)) 牌子 cars of all makes ; What make of radio is it ?,4.緊扣考綱,關(guān)注詞性。,5.注意英語和美語拼寫差異 注意了解英美拼寫的差異,如:centre (Am center ) ; litre ( Am liter) ; theatre (Am theater) ; favour (Am favor ) ; organise (Am organize) ;realise (Am realize); grey ( Am gray ) ; cheque (Am check) ;fall ( Am) = autumn ; programme / program 。,6.關(guān)注18對(duì)“詞形完全相同,性意相去甚遠(yuǎn)”的詞。 注意“詞形完全相同,性意相去甚遠(yuǎn)”的18對(duì)詞,注意它們的在詞性和意義上存在的顯著區(qū)別。,1)can (modal v) ; can (n) ; 2)close (v) ; close (a fall (Am) = autumn,5)firm (n.) ; firm (a) 6)flat (n) ; flat (a) 7) fly (flew, flown) (v) ; fly (n) 8)kind (n) ; kind (a) 9) lie (n lie (lay, lain) (v),10) make (made, made) (v) ; make (n) 11) mine (pron) ; mine (n post (v & n),15)present (a press (n),7.重視具體語境下的詞匯應(yīng)用訓(xùn)練,強(qiáng)化語境意識(shí)。 目前,從高考命題的趨勢(shì)上看,考查學(xué)生在語境中靈活運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力是一個(gè)重要考查方向,高考突出考查學(xué)生語境下應(yīng)用詞匯和語法的能力導(dǎo)向是十分明顯的,而且會(huì)不斷加強(qiáng)。如:,_____for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed,8. 重視熟詞生義、適度拓展。實(shí)例: treat : treat us to dinner alone: in the United States alone mean : He wasn’t being mean. word : word of them spread,out of question ; out of the question; die out / die off / die down / die away might / may as well ; may well be ; fairly , quite , rather ; if only ; only if ;,9.多歸類易混單詞和短語,注意理解記憶。,10.精選練習(xí),適度訓(xùn)練,收集錯(cuò)誤,心中有數(shù),高頻強(qiáng)化。 精選練習(xí),多樣訓(xùn)練,適度操練; 收集練習(xí)錯(cuò)誤,提高講評(píng)針對(duì)性; 針對(duì)學(xué)生不足,科學(xué)突破,不斷強(qiáng)化。,2、單詞記憶19法 1)邏輯記憶:通過詞本身的內(nèi)部邏輯關(guān)系、詞與詞之間的外部邏輯關(guān)系記憶單詞。 (1)把幾個(gè)字母看作一個(gè)來記。如:“ight” light,right,fight,night,might,sight,tight,(2)外舊內(nèi)新,如:bridge“橋”看成b+ridge“山脊”,sharp看成s+harp“豎琴”。 (3)外新內(nèi)舊,如:cleave“劈開”看成c+leave,tact“機(jī)智”看成t+act。,2)聯(lián)想記憶: (1)音與形的聯(lián)想,即根據(jù)讀音規(guī)則記憶單詞。(2)形與義的聯(lián)想,如:eye把兩個(gè)e看成兩個(gè)眼。banana把a(bǔ)看成一個(gè)個(gè)的香蕉。bird把b和d看成兩個(gè)翅膀。(3)象聲詞,聯(lián)想實(shí)際的聲音,如:gong鑼,coo咕咕聲。,3)構(gòu)詞記憶:利用構(gòu)詞法,通過分析詞根、前綴、后綴、派生和合成等記憶單詞。這是擴(kuò)大詞匯最有效、最重要的辦法。,4)分類記憶:把單詞進(jìn)行分門別類。如:動(dòng)物,植物等,進(jìn)行分類記憶。你可以找一本分類字典作為參考。,5)卡片記憶:自制單詞卡片隨時(shí)隨身記單詞,卡片寫上單詞的詞形、詞性、詞義、音標(biāo)、搭配、例句等。,6)詞典記憶:即背字典,這種方法是一種強(qiáng)行記憶的方法。它的缺點(diǎn)是容易忘記,只是孤立記住單詞的意義,但可以作為一種短時(shí)間的強(qiáng)化手段。,7)比較記憶:(1)英漢比較。如:mama,cigar,beer,bar,fee等。(2)單復(fù)數(shù)的比較。如:good-goods,spirit-spirits , wood-woods。(3)同音詞的比較。如:right-write,eye-I。(4)詞的陰陽性的比較。如:actor-actress , host-h(huán)ostess。,8)理解記憶:通過正確理解單詞的本義、引申義和比喻義等來記憶。如:second是“秒”,它來源于古代的六分法,分,秒,它是二次劃分,因此second也是“第二”,進(jìn)一步引申,還可理解為“輔助”。用這種方法特別適合那些一詞多義的詞。,9)聯(lián)系記憶:記憶單詞最好不要孤立地記,盡可能地和有關(guān)的東西聯(lián)系起來記。(1)聯(lián)系所學(xué)的文章大概意義,聯(lián)系上下文。(2)聯(lián)系短語和搭配。,10)感官記憶:記單詞時(shí),不要只用一種感官,盡可能地用多個(gè)感官,耳聽、嘴讀、手寫、眼看、心記等。,11)閱讀記憶:通過閱讀英語文章、小說等進(jìn)行單詞記憶,注意選擇難度要適宜。,12)同義記憶:通過同義詞一起進(jìn)行單詞記憶,可確切理解詞義,這時(shí)不必注意它們意義的區(qū)別。 13)反義記憶:通過反義詞一起進(jìn)行單詞記憶,擴(kuò)大了詞義。,14)圖表記憶:利用形象的圖表進(jìn)行記憶,它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是意、形、物直觀地結(jié)合到一起。你可以找一本英語圖解字典作為參考。,15)游戲記憶:通過自己和集體做游戲,在輕松愉快的氣氛中進(jìn)行記憶單詞。,16)歌曲記憶:通過唱英語歌曲記憶單詞,“聽霸”“聽力超人”等軟件中有許多英文歌曲,并配有歌詞和譯文。,17)復(fù)習(xí)記憶:單詞記住了,很快會(huì)忘掉,每隔一段時(shí)間要進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí),鞏固所學(xué)單詞。 18)商標(biāo)記憶:通過看到的商標(biāo)和廣告隨時(shí)隨地記憶單詞。,19)綜合記憶:記憶單詞最好綜合利用多種方法,而不只是一種,利用各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 除上述方法外,記單詞一定要做到“詞不離句”,即進(jìn)行單詞記憶時(shí)要結(jié)合單詞在句子中的用法效果更佳。,1.In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _____. A. admitted B. acknowledged C. absorbed D. considered,2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents' _____. A. command B. conviction C. consent D. compromise,3. Henry's news report covering the conference was so _____ that nothing had been omitted. A. understanding B. comprehensible C. comprehensive D. understandable,4. More than one-third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, _____ in San Francisco. A. previously B. predominantly C. practically D. permanently,5. The new secretary has written a remarkably _____ report only in a few pages but with all the details. A. concise B. clear C. precise D. elaborate,6. The worker agreed to _____ the strike if the company would satisfy their demands. A. call for B. call forth C. call off D. call up,- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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