2019-2020年高三英語 主謂一致教案 新人教版.doc

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2019-2020年高三英語 主謂一致教案 新人教版 高考試題常常會涉及到“主謂一致”。使用主謂一致時，必須遵循三個原則，即語法一致原則、意義一致原則和就近一致原則。下面就常見的主謂一致的用法做簡單歸納，希望同學們能從中得到啟發(fā)。 一、當單數可數名詞、不可數名詞、復合不定代詞、單個不定式（疑問詞＋不定式）、動名詞或主語從句以及表示“時間、價值、重量、距離、書名、影片名稱”等名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式。例如： The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter. Visiting a place like this is always very interesting. Why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists. 二、all（some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most等）＋of＋名詞作主語以及分數、百分數構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞單復數形式取決于of后的名詞或代詞。表示復數概念用復數；表示單數概念用單數。例如： As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing. One study says that 90% of our time is spent watching television or using puters. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. 三、在“名詞/代詞＋介賓結構＋謂語＋…”結構中，謂語動詞與名詞/代詞保持一致，介賓結構看作插入成分。該結構中的常見介詞及介詞短語有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, including等。例如： Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to bee fit. Nobody but Tom and his father has ever been there. 四、a number of / a group of / a variety of / a total of 等構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式；而the number of / the group of / the variety of / the total of 等構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。例如： The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not feed on humans if they have the choice. Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, work in the clothing industry. 五、quality / pair / amount等構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞根據quality / pair / amount的單復數確定。例如： With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land. 六、and連接并列主語表示同一概念時，謂語動詞用單數形式；表示不同概念時謂語動詞用復數形式；此外，and連接并列名詞時，如果名詞前有no / each / every / many a等修飾時，謂語動詞通常用單數形式。例如： —Did you go to the show last night? —Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area was invited. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where hasn’t been decided yet. 七、當表示復數概念的名詞或短語作主語以及表示總稱意義“形單意復”的名詞（如cattle / police / people等）和常用作復數或只有復數形式的名詞（clothes / goods / shoes等）作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復數。例如： Traffic police are always very busy, especially at busy streets. 八、one of＋名詞＋關系代詞＋謂語時，謂語動詞用復數；the (only) one of ＋名詞＋關系代詞＋謂語時，謂語動詞用單數。例如： He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years. ［比較］ Our English teacher was one of the top teachers who were praised by the headmaster. 九、主謂一致的其它考點： 1. either…or…；neither…nor…；not only…but also…；not…but…等連接主語時，謂語動詞要就近選擇。如：Either you or Jim goes there. 2. there be結構中，be動詞后面有幾個名詞時，be動詞跟最近的名詞保持一致。如：There is one table and two desks in the room. 3. 某些單詞所表示的概念是由兩部分組成的，作主語時謂語動詞用復數；但如果與量詞構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數則取決于量詞。如：The trousers are too long. That pair of trousers is too long. 4. 表示群島、瀑布、山脈等以-s結尾的專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；但如果表示孤立的山則用單數。如：Mount Tai is great. 5. 定冠詞與形容詞連用，用來表示一類人或物，作主語時,謂語動詞用復數。如： The young are planting trees. 6. population構成短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數；但被百分數或分數等數詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復數。如： The population of our town is bigger than that of their town, but most of the population in our town are farmers. 7. one and a half＋復數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數；one or two＋復數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；many a(n)＋單數名詞及more than one＋單數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。而more＋復數名詞＋than＋one作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。如： Nowadays many a person wants to go abroad. One and a half apples has been eaten by the boy. 8. 集合名詞作主語表示整體概念，謂語動詞用單數；表示成員概念謂語動詞用復數。常見的集合名詞有family / government / public / audience等。如： My family is a big family. My family are fond of pop music. 9. 單復數同形的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常根據句意來確定。常見的這類詞有deer / fish / means / sheep / series等。如： The quickest means of traveling is by air. There are various means of municating with a stranger.