2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解初期練習(xí)（5）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解初期練習(xí)（5） 【xx高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解 When youre surfing the Internet on your laptop from your dorm or home，do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly？And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers? According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal，all it takes is a tiny file in a puter－a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters－to record the puter users age，gender，location，favorite movies and hobbies. The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc.，a New York pany，uses a sophisticated (先進(jìn)的) software.called “beacon”to capture what people are typing on a website. Lotame packages that data into profiles (個(gè)人資料) about individuals，only without their names，and sells the profiles to panies seeking customers.Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars. The Wall Street Journal survey discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastestgrowing businesses on the World Wide Web. The “cookie”－a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site，or to track you across many sites is already old news.There are new and more plex tools such as “beacons”which scan in real time what people are doing on a webpage.These beacons instantly assess the Internet users location，ine，shopping interests and even medical conditions. Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented (空前的) threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge. panies insist the information they gather is anonymous and the data is used harmlessly.But the technology has grown so powerful that even some of the biggest websites in the US dont know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors puters.These include MSN and Yahoo. Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something youve been planning to buy，dont be amazed that your puter can read your mind. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】　經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)的人可能都遇到過(guò)這樣的情況：瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(yè)(surfing the Internet)時(shí)總是跳出一些廣告，內(nèi)容還都是你最近想買的商品。別誤會(huì)，你的電腦還沒(méi)智能到讀懂你的想法——是你的個(gè)人隱私被出賣啦！趕快來(lái)看看是怎么一回事吧！ 1．The purpose of the passage is to________. A．introduce a tiny file in a puter－a single code B．show how your individual information was let out when you surf the Internet C．show how to protect your privacy D．introduce a sophisticated software called “beacon” 答案　B　[主旨大意題。本文圍繞著上網(wǎng)時(shí)你的個(gè)人信息被別人收集并且被出售了講述。故選B項(xiàng)。] 2．All of the following statements are not true EXCEPT________. A. Lotame sells the profiles about individuals to panies seeking customers with their age，gender，location，hobbies and names B．spying on Internet users is the fastestgrowing business on the World Wide Web C．some of the biggest websites in the US know they were installing intrusive files on visitors puters D．a(chǎn) tiny file in a puter－a single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters can record the users information 答案　D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals，only without their names, and sells the profiles to panies seeking customers.”可知A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段“spying on Internet users is one of the fastestgrowing businesses on the World Wide Web.”可知B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“some of the biggest websites in the US dont know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors’puters.”可知C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段可知D正確。] 3．It can be inferred that________. A．because the data is used harmlessly，Internet users around the world will not face threats B．when a person surfs the Internet，his personal details may be let out without his knowledge C．your puter can really read your mind D．MSN and Yahoo.use a software to capture what people are typing on a website 答案　B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段以及下文可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)人上網(wǎng)時(shí)，他的信息有可能在自己不知道的情況下被別人所泄露或出售。] 4．According to the passage，“beacon”________． A．is a tiny text file put on your PC by websites B．is a software that can package that data into profiles about individuals C．can assess the Internet users location，ine，shopping interests and even medical conditions D．is not more plex than the “cookie” 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“beacons instantly assess the Internet users location, ine, shopping interests and even medical conditions.”可知選C。根據(jù)第六段“The“cookie”—a tiny text file put on your PC by websites”可知A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles(個(gè)人資料)about individuals”可知B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第六段“there are new and more plex tools such as“beacons”可知D錯(cuò)誤。] 5．Whats the writers attitude to this problem? A．Neutral.　　　　　　 B．Worried. C．Optimistic. D．Indifferent. 答案　B　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.”可知，作者指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶面臨著空前的威 【xx高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解 A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healt- hily and happily，it is a bad thing for young people.Puppy love (早戀) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression(抑郁癥)． The study shows that girls bee more depressed than boys，and younger girls are the worst of all. The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “l(fā)oss of self”．According to the study，even though boys would say “l(fā)ose themselves in a romantic relationship”，this“l(fā)oss of self”is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls.Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They wont tell that to their parents. Dr Marianm Kaufman，an expert on young people problems，says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing.Trying romance often causes the depression.She advises kids not to jump into romance too early.During growing up，it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self.She also suggests the parents should stimulate their kids to keep close to their friends，attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family. Parents should watch for signs of depression－ eating or mood changes－and if they see signs from their daughters or sons，they need to give help.The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to bee weak with age.Love will always make us feel young，but only maturity (成熟)gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects. 【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】　文章主要講述失戀對(duì)女孩子的影響，那些不善言語(yǔ)的女孩子更會(huì)患抑郁癥。 36．Whats the main idea of the passage? A．Puppy love may bring young people depression. B．Parents should forbid their childrens love. C．Romance is a twoedged sword for adults. D．Romance is good for young people. 答案　A　[主旨大意題。第一段的第一句“...it is a bad thing for young people.”是文章的主旨所在。故選A項(xiàng)。] 37．Which of the following is more likely to have depression? A．Young people who have a strong sense of selfishness. B．Young boys whose parents watch for their behavior. C．Young girls who always hide their feelings and opinions. D．Careless parents whose children are deep in love. 答案　C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的最后兩句“Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions.They wont tell that to their parents?！笨芍?。] 38．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 means______. A．encourage B．forbid C．expect D．force 答案　A　[詞義猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系上句it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self可知：她建議父母鼓勵(lì)孩子們與外界接觸和交往。故選A項(xiàng)。] 39．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Lacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly. B．Early love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents. C．Parents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression. D．The older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance. 答案　D　[推理判斷題。從最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句“The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to bee weak with age.”可推知。] 40．Whats the authors attitude towards puppy love? A．Confused. B．Disapproving. C．Disinterested. D．Scared. 答案　B　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。從最后一段最后一句“...but only maturity gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.”可知。] 閱讀理解解讀 “I like your smile, but unlike you put your shoes on my face”. A charming way of saying “Keep off the grass”. But could you figure it out? Or this: “Wash Clothing Store” for laundry. They are both typical Chinglish, a bination of English vocabulary and Chinese grammar. Expressions such as “people mountain people sea”， means extremely crowded, and “give you some color to see”， meaning a punishment, are widely known and recognized. Chinglish has been attracting global attention in recent years as China grows rapidly in stature on the world stage, attracting both fans and detractors. The Beijing Speaks Foreign Languages Programme and English First China pany, a language trainer known as EF Education, jointly launched a campaign to root out poor grammar and misused vocabulary in downtown Beijing. They argue Chinglish is an embarrassment that we should let it die out at all costs. “It is meaningful, to allow the capital show its most beautiful historical and cultural heritage to the world.” Michael Lu, vicepresident of EF Education said, “since the launching of the campaign, foreign teachers and students had been very keen to volunteer participation.” He believed signs were very important in public services. “The signs in some old buildings confused foreign visitors.” Chinglish, although the target of much criticism, has also won supporters who regard it as an interesting way for foreigners to learn how Chinese people think and express themselves. “Many Chinglish logos carry Chinese elements and they will enrich the English language，” 32yearold Oliver Radtke said. He had even published a book “Chinglish: Found in Translation，” on the subject. About 50 000 copies of the book have been sold since it was published in xx. Some Chinese university experts also side with Chinglish. “English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness，” said Shi Anbin, an associate professor of Tsinghua University. 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹了中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)在中國(guó)的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用，并列舉了人們對(duì)其不同的看法和理解。 13．How did Chinglish e into being? A．Chinese people misunderstood the meaning of the new words. B．Chinese people bined English vocabulary with Chinese grammar. C．Chinese people based their English on the native English speakers. D．Chinese people make wide use of English vocabulary with bad spelling. 14．What Shi Anbin said means ________. A．there are many French and Spanish words in English B．English is the language with vitality and inclusiveness C．Chinglish enriches English and shouldnt be got rid of D．Chinglish has greater effect on English than French and Spanish 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，Shi Anbin支持中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)。由“English has absorbed elements from other languages such as French and Spanish in its growth, and the emergence of Chinglish again testifies to the languages vitality and inclusiveness”可推知，Shi Anbin認(rèn)為中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)的存在證明了英語(yǔ)是一種包容性很強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言，中國(guó)式英語(yǔ)能像法語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)一樣使英語(yǔ)變得豐富。故答案選C。 15．According to Oliver Radtke, Chinglish ________. A．shows how Chinese people think B．does damage to the English language C．shows the great humor of Chinese people D．should be sold to all over the world 閱讀理解解讀 Since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系統(tǒng)) and heart diseases. Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe. So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere. Smog is especially a mon concern. As a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your ine or profession. People with higher ines are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else. At a meeting on Monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? Its for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life，” he said. China needs to develop its economy and invest (投資) in hightech. Every Chinese has a dream to make China stronger. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will bee meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth. What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. The great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central governments determination to address the environment issue. 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。今年北京的霧霾天氣引起了許多人對(duì)環(huán)保重要性的重視，我們不能只關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)而忽視了我們賴以生存的環(huán)境，因?yàn)榘l(fā)展是為了生活得更好。 16．The effect of smog doesnt include ________. A．the rising of PM2. 5 readings B．more people suffering diseases C．the increase of peoples ine D．patients increased in hospital 17．Why has smog bee a mon concern? A．Because people have to pay higher prices. B．Because nobody can avoid it. C．Because we have to develop industry. D．Because a popular onlinepost discussed it. 18．To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but ________. A．we have to sacrifice air as the price B．the dirty air is not what we want C．ecological progress can be ignored D．the smog is the only byproduct 19．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______. A．human beings B．other planets C．space technologies D．industrial development 答案：A　指代判斷題。they是代詞，用來(lái)代替前面出現(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處they代替上文中的human beings。故答案選A。 20．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that ________. A．hightech can pletely solve the problem of pollution B．space technologies should be developed in a large scale C．we can move to Mars after the earth has been destroyed D．we must protect the environment while developing economy