2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識聚焦 Unit 2 Working the land習(xí)題 新人教版必修4.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識聚焦 Unit 2 Working the land習(xí)題 新人教版必修4.閱讀理解(xx江西省上饒市三模)Cotton farmers in some Indian villages are busily buying CocaCola and Pepsi, believing that the sugar in the fizzy(有 泡 沫 的 ) drinks kills pests. Farmers say scientists advised them to mix pesticides with a sugary juice to control pests, and they found the mixture cheaper and more effective than pure chemicalsalthough soft drink makers and scientists dismissed the remarks. N. Hamunayya, who has bee a famous person in his village in the southeastern state of Andhra Pradesh, said his crop survived an attack of pests which had resisted other pesticides. “We found that all the colas had uniform effect on pests. The pests became dead and fell to the ground, ”he said. He said the drinks had all the elements they needed: they were cheaper, sticky, fizzy, and attracted ants, which ate the young of the pests. But Thinupathi Reddy, assistant director of the Regional AgriResearch Station, Guntur, says tests had proved such results wrong. “We conducted some field trials on cotton crop at our research station. There was no obvious productivity or destruction of pests, ”he says.Statements from Pepsi and CocaCola said there was “ no scientific basis” for this_practice. But their dealers are enjoying increasing sales. Mantan Wall, who sells soft drinks in 17 villages in the region, said sales rose up, thanks to the farmers. “ For the 10 days between August and September I had successful business. Instead of just 30 cases( each containing a dozen onelitre bottles) of cola, I started selling almost 200 cases, ”he said. “ We expected the sales to drop after the news over pesticide residues(殘 留 ) in the cola drinks. Now I have to keep extra supply for the cotton farmers, ”he said.In February, an Indian environment group made a report saying drinks made by CocaCola and Pepsi contained pesticides and called for tougher safety standards. The U. S firms strongly rejected the findings of the New Delhibased Centre for Science and Environment and said their products were safe.文章大意：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了一件有趣的事，印度農(nóng)民認(rèn)為有泡沫的飲料具有殺蟲作用，也就是百事可樂和可口可樂里面含有殺蟲劑，但兩家公司對此予以否認(rèn)。1The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.Atell an interesting incidentBwarn people that some drinks might be dangerous to healthCsuggest using CocaCola to kill pestsDannounce a new discovery of CocaCola答案：A推理判斷題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)作者寫這段短文的語氣推斷作者在講述一件有趣的小事，可樂中竟然有殺蟲劑。故選A。2The drink makers would not accept the fact that their drinks could kill pests because _.Athey thought it went against scienceBthey believed that the farmers didnt tell the truthCthey might fear that it could bring harm to their businessDthey insisted that no poison was left in their products答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的The U. S firms strongly rejected the findings of the New Delhibased Centre for Science and Environment and said their products were safe推斷他們擔(dān)心這件事會給他們的生意帶來危害。故選C。3The underlined part in Para. 3 “ this practice” probably refers to _.Atesting the mixtureBselling more drinks in IndiaCmixing the drinks with the pesticideDattracting ants to eat the young pests答案：C詞義推測題。根據(jù)文章第二段mix pesticides with a sugary juice to control pests所敘述的這件事，第三段正是因?yàn)檫@件事，才帶來了該地區(qū)經(jīng)銷商的銷量大增。故選C。4The drinks can kill pests because _.Athere is some pesticide left in themBthey are sticky and fizzyCthey have elements that kill pestsDthey made the pesticide more effective答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的He said the drinks had all the elements they needed: they were cheaper, sticky, fizzy, and attracted ants, which ate the young of the pests推斷可樂可幫助殺蟲劑更有效。故選D。.完形填空(xx福建省普通高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)Shortly after I started out as a professional baseball player in the TriState League, I was fired. “Frank，” the manager said _1_， “whatever you do after you leave here, put some _2_ and enthusiasm into your work！” Well, that was the _3_ thing I expected him to say.A week later, _4_， I was introduced to the New Haven. My first day here will always _5_ in my memory as a great event in my life. No one knew me in the league, so I was _6_ to make myself the most enthusiastic ball player theyd ever seen. From the minute I _7_ on the field, I acted like a man electrified. And I acted as if I were alive with a million _8_. My biggest thrill came the following morning _9_ I read in the New Haven newspaper: “This _10_ player, Frank, has a barrel (桶) of enthusiasm. He _11_ our boys. They looked better than at any time this season.” The newspapers began _12_ me the life of the team.Within two weeks, enthusiasm took me from $250 a month to $1850 a monthit _13_ my ine by 700 percent! Two years after that, I was _14_ third base for the St. Louis and multiplied my ine by thirty times. Enthusiasm _15_ did it; nothing but enthusiasm.Enthusiasm is by far the highest paid _16_ on earth. It helps you bee more successful, and _17_ a healthier, richer and happier life. “To bee enthusiasticact enthusiastically.” Put this rule into _18_ for thirty days and be prepared to see astonishing _19_. It may easily change your entire life. Can you acquire enthusiasmor must you be born _20_ it? Certainly you can acquire it! 文章大意：作者以自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們：付諸激情你就能改變自己的生活。1A.carefully Bcasually Cquickly Dfirmly 答案：D本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。carefully仔細(xì)地；casually隨便地；quickly快速地；firmly堅定地。根據(jù)下文manager說話的語氣判斷是堅定地，故選D。2A.curiosity Blife Cexperience Dpleasure答案：B本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。curiosity好奇心；life生活；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；pleasure快樂。根據(jù)下文的enthusiasm和life判斷填life。故選B。3A.proper Bother Clast Donly 答案：C本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。proper適當(dāng)?shù)?；other其他的；last最后的；only僅僅。 因?yàn)樽髡弑唤夤土?，這是經(jīng)理給他說的最后一句話。故選C。4A.meanwhile Btherefore Cotherwise Dhowever答案：D本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。meanwhile同時；therefore因此，所以；otherwise否則；however盡管如此。 根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)是“盡管如此”，故選D。5A.give out Bkeep up Cstand out Dlook up答案：C本空考查動詞短語基本含義的辨析。give out發(fā)出；keep up保持；stand out突出，站出來，堅持到底，堅決反對；look up向上看。應(yīng)該是我的第一天在我的印象中很突出。故選C。6A.determined Bdelighted Cexcited Dmoved 答案：A本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。determined決心的；delighted感到高興的；excited感到興奮的；moved受感動的。be determined to do sth.下定決心做某事。故選A。7A.glanced Bappeared Cqueued Dcheered答案：B本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。glanced匆忙看一眼；appeared出現(xiàn)；queued排隊； cheered歡呼。此處是“出現(xiàn)在場地上”，故選B。8A.batteries Bmachines Cplayers Dballs答案：A本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。batteries電池；machines機(jī)器；players運(yùn)動員；balls球。be active with充滿活力，根據(jù)前文的electrified判斷填A(yù)。9A.till Bbefore Cwhen Dthough答案：C本空考查連詞基本含義的辨析。till直到；before在之前；when 當(dāng)時候；though盡管，雖然。根據(jù)句意：當(dāng)我在New Haven報紙上閱讀時。故選C。10A.healthy Bpopular Cfamiliar Dnew答案：D本空考查形容詞基本含義的辨析。healthy健康的；popular流行的；familiar熟悉的；new新的。根據(jù)前文這里是作者剛來，稱為是“新來的”，故選D。11A.inspired Bsatisfied Cupset Ddisappointed答案：A本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。inspired鼓舞；satisfied滿意；upset使感到不安；disappointed使感到失望。根據(jù)前文的enthusiasm判斷是作者的激情鼓舞了隊員們。故選A。12A.showing Bcalling Cgiving Dbringing答案：B本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。showing給看，展示；calling叫；giving給予； bringing帶來。因?yàn)樽髡叩某删捅荒切﹫蠹埛Q為“球隊的生命。”故選B。13A.included Bmade Ctook Dincreased 答案：D本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。included包括；made制作；took帶走；increased提高，增加。根據(jù)前文的from $250 a month to $1850 a month可知選D。14A.introducing Bleaving Cplaying Dstarting答案：C本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。introducing介紹；leaving離開；playing玩；starting開始。根據(jù)前文是baseball，應(yīng)是我打第三壘，故選C。15A.alone Bonce Calso Dindeed答案：A本空考查副詞基本含義的辨析。alone單獨(dú)，單個，放在名詞之后是“僅僅”；once曾經(jīng)； also也；indeed的確。根據(jù)前文作者在回想原經(jīng)理說的那句話是錯誤的，僅僅是激情就成就了自己。故選A。16A.reputation Bquality Ctheme Dprofession答案：B本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。reputation榮譽(yù)；quality品質(zhì)；theme主題；profession職業(yè)。熱情就是地球上獲得最高報酬的品質(zhì)。故選B。17A.change Benjoy Cspoil Dadmire答案：B本空考查動詞基本含義的辨析。change改變；enjoy喜歡，享受；spoil破壞；admire欣賞，羨慕。根據(jù)前文作者得到的高收入，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)是享受更健康、富裕、幸福的生活。故選B。18A.field Bmemory Caction Didea答案：C本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。field田地；memory記憶；action行動；idea主意。put sth into action把付諸行動。故選C。19A.efforts Bevents Cfactors Dresults答案：D本空考查名詞基本含義的辨析。efforts努力；events事件；factors因素；results結(jié)果。投入激情30天，你就能收獲令人吃驚的效果。故選D。20A.with Bin Cwithout Dat 答案：A本空考查介詞基本含義的辨析。with和在一起；in在里面；without沒有； at在旁邊。 be born with生來具有，與前文的acquire相對應(yīng)。故選A。.語法填空閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(xx河南省八市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)5月質(zhì)檢)Over the past few years, organic products have increasingly found their way into consumers shopping baskets. But what makes them choose organic over highly processed products?There are reasons _1_ being organic and reasons against being organic. It is not _2_(necessary) an eitheror decision. Rather, the decision _3_(consume) organic food or not is dependent on the economic, educational and social circumstances of the consumer.According to many researchers, there is a connection between organic food and the _4_(protect) of the environment. Many consumers _5_ know about this connection take it as a motivation to go organic. To reduce their carbon footprint, many even rely only on local organic _6_(product)_7_， not every consumer actually knows and cares about the connection between the environment and organic food. That is, some consumers choose not to be organic because _8_ prefer sticking with their old habits. To them, one reason not to go organic is that organic food differs from the food they are used to. For some, organic food tastes different _9_(pare) with the food they normally consume.And as organic products generally dont use preservatives(防腐劑), they are _10_(easy) to go bad. Consumers who choose not to go organic therefore feel organic food doesnt bring them any benefits.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：隨著人們的收入水平和生活質(zhì)量的不斷提高，越來越多的人開始關(guān)注以無公害、綠色、有機(jī)為標(biāo)志的高端農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，有機(jī)食品無論對環(huán)境還是健康來說都有益處。1命題立意：考查介詞。答案：forreason的后置定語常常使用介詞for引導(dǎo)的介詞短語，例如the reason for his being late他遲到的原因。故填for。2命題立意：考查副詞。答案：necessarily根據(jù)句意以及語法應(yīng)該用副詞形式necessarily。故填necessarily。3命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。答案：to consumedecision的后置定語涉及動作意義時常常用不定式形式，且此處表示主動意義，故應(yīng)該用不定式的主動形式。故填to consume。4命題立意：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。答案：protection此處帶有后置定語of the environment，定語是修飾名詞的，所以此處應(yīng)該使用protect的名詞形式protection。故填protection。5命題立意：考查定語從句。答案：who/that此處指前面的many consumers，在后面的句子中作know的主語，故應(yīng)該用表示人的關(guān)系代詞who/that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who/that。6命題立意：考查名詞。答案：products根據(jù)句意，此處表示很多人只吃當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)的有機(jī)產(chǎn)品，為復(fù)數(shù)意義，故應(yīng)該用可數(shù)名詞product的復(fù)數(shù)形式products。故填products。7命題立意：考查連詞。答案：However根據(jù)上下文可知，此處與上文所述的相反的事實(shí)，即有的人不吃有機(jī)食物，故應(yīng)該用表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞。故填However。8命題立意：考查代詞。答案：they根據(jù)上下文，此處指的是前半句提到的some consumers，在句中作主語，故應(yīng)該用人稱代詞they來指代。故填they。9命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。答案：pared邏輯主語organic food與pare之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)該用過去分詞作比較狀語。故填pared。10命題立意：考查形容詞。 答案：easier根據(jù)上下文句意，此處表示“(與那些非有機(jī)食品相比)更容易變質(zhì)”，表示比較意義，故應(yīng)該用easy的比較級easier。故填easier。.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(xx東北三省四市二模)Dear Mum，This afternoon, our teacher asked us list what our parents had done for us. I write down a lot of good sides. Time passes quickly，isnt it? It is three years when I became a high school student. Looking back on the progresses that I have made so far, I really appreciate for your support. I know that without your properly guidance，I would not have done so well. However, what still makes me puzzling is how to make my dream to go to the top university e true.Please continue to lend I a hand. I really need your help. Kate答案：Dear Mum，This afternoon, our teacher asked us list what our parents had done for us. I down a lot of good sides. Time passes quickly， it? It is three years I became a high school student. Looking back on the that I have made so far, I really appreciate for your support. I know that without your guidance，I would not have done so well. However, what still makes me is how to make my dream to go to top university e true.Please continue to lend a hand. I really need your help. Kate文章大意：本文是一封書信。Kate按照老師的要求，給媽媽寫了一封信，表達(dá)自己的感激之情。1命題立意：考查不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。解析：list前加toask sb. to do sth.請某人干某事。2. 命題立意：考查動詞的時態(tài)。解析：writewrote根據(jù)上文語意，此處應(yīng)該為發(fā)生在過去的動作。3. 命題立意：考查反意問句。解析：isntdoesnt本句的謂語動詞是實(shí)義動詞passes，故反意問句中用助動詞doesnt。4. 命題立意：考查時間狀語從句。解析：whensinceIt is一段時間since.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。5. 命題立意：考查名詞。解析：progressesprogressprogress為抽象名詞，不可數(shù)。6. 命題立意：考查動詞。解析：去掉forappreciate為及物動詞，可直接接賓語，不需要介詞。7. 命題立意：考查形容詞和副詞。解析：properlyproper此處應(yīng)用形容詞來修飾名詞guidance。8. 命題立意：考查分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。解析：puzzlingpuzzled此處應(yīng)用過去分詞來補(bǔ)充說明“me”自身的感受。9. 命題立意：考查冠詞。解析：thea此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，意為“一所”，而非特指。10命題立意：考查代詞。解析：Ime此處應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格me來作lend的賓語。