2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)12 Healthy eating 新人教版.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時(shí)作業(yè)12 Healthy eating 新人教版 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx湖北省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考) “Eat local.” Its one way to reduce human effect on the planet. Eating local means to try to buy and consume foods that are grown in places close to home. However, most of the food sold at supermarkets is not locally grown or produced. Trucks and planes deliver these foods from hundreds or thousands of miles away. During the transportation, greenhouse gases are produced, causing global warming. So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment. But how do you get local food if you live in a large city, hundreds of miles away from farms ? Environmental health scientist Dickson Despommier and his students came up with the idea of a “vertical(垂直的) farm”． A vertical farm is a glasswalled structure that could be built as tall as a skyscraper. Since the garden is built upwards, rather than outwards, it requires much less space than an ordinary farm. The world is quickly running out of room for ordinary farming. Vertical farms could be a key to this situation. Despommier imagines a 30story building with a greenhouse on every floor. The walls of the building would be clear, to allow crops to get as much sunlight as possible. Depending on a citys water resources, Despommier thinks hydroponic(水培) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants. Despommier says the hydroponic greenhouses would use a system that would use a citys waste water and fill it with nutrition to make the crops grow. If this method works, it would provide food to a city and save millions of tons of water. The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we dont have much land left for us，” Stringer said, “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.” Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way.” he says. 1．Why are people advised to eat local? A．Because it means convenience to people. B．Because it can help people save a lot of money. C．Because local food has more nutrition. D．Because it is environmentally friendly. 2．Which is one of the vertical farms benefits when pared with ordinary farming? A．It produces healthier food. B．It does less harm to the cities. C．It consumes more energy of the city. D．It needs less space of the city. 3．By saying “the sky is the limit in Manhattan”， Stringer means ________. A．people can make full use of vertical space of Manhattan B．there is a limit for using empty land in Manhattan C．the height of buildings in Manhattan is limited D．Manhattan has a great potential for development 4．What can we learn about the vertical farming in the passage? A．In a vertical farm, soil may not be needed to grow plants. B．It has solved the problem of the food shortage in a big way. C．It is a 30story building with a greenhouse on every floor. D．Crops are mainly grown in the rainwater in a vertical farm. 答案與解析 這篇文章介紹了建議人們吃當(dāng)?shù)厥澄?，因?yàn)閷?duì)環(huán)境有好處。 1．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句So the shorter the distance your foods must travel, the less the harm is done to the environment. 可知人們被建議吃當(dāng)?shù)厥澄锏脑蚴菍?duì)環(huán)境有好處，故選D項(xiàng)。 2．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The idea of a vertical farm has attracted the attention of government officials around the world. Scott Stringer, a government official from New York City, thinks the city is suitable for the vertical farming. “Obviously we dont have much land left for us，” Stringer said, “But the sky is the limit in Manhattan.”可知優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于它需要城市中比較少的空間，故選D項(xiàng)。 3．A　句意理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Despommier admits that there is still a lot of work to do to make vertical farms a reality. “But I think vertical farming is an idea that can work in a big way.” he says. 可知Stringer 的意思是人們應(yīng)該充分利用曼哈頓的垂直空間，故選A項(xiàng)。 4．A　推理判斷題。第三段最后一句Despommier thinks hydroponic(水培的) farming is another method for the vertical farm which needs no soil to grow plants. 可知有些農(nóng)田不需要土壤來(lái)生長(zhǎng)植物，故選A項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.完形填空 One night, when I was eight, my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my pany wants to __1__ me but needs me to work in Brazil. This is like your teacher telling you that youve done __2__ and allowing you to skip a grade(跳級(jí)), but youll have to __3__ your friends. Would you say yes to your teacher？” She gave me a hug and asked me to think about it. I was puzzled. The question kept me __4__ for the rest of the night. I had said “yes” but for the first time, I realized the __5__ decisions adults had to make. For almost four years, my mother would call us from Brazil every day. Every evening Id __6__ wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day. A phone call, however, could never replace her __7__ and it was difficult not to feel lonely at times. During my fourthgrade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at her large __8__ apartment, I became __9__ how lonely my mother must have been in Brazil herself. It was then __10__ I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on __11__ family and work. __12__ difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldnt know whether you made the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a __13__ attitude. Back home, I __14__ myself that what my mother could do, I could, too. If she __15__ to live in Rio all by herself, I, too, could learn to be __16__ . I learnt how to take care of myself and set high but achievable __17__. My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the __18__ has really taught me. Sacrifices __19__ in the end. The separation between us has proved to be a __20__ for me. 1．A.attract　　　　　　　　　B．promote C．surprise D．praise 2．A.little B．much C．well D．wrong 3．A.leave B．refuse C．contact D．forgive 4．A.explaining B．sleeping C．wondering D．regretting 5．A.poor B．timely C．final D．tough 6．A.eagerly B．politely C．nervously D．curiously 7．A.patience B．presence C．intelligence D．influence 8．Afortable B．expensive C．empty D．modern 9．A.interested in B．a(chǎn)ware of C．doubtful about D．satisfied with 10．A.when B．where C．which D．that 11．A.abandoning B．balancing C．paring D．mixing 12．A.Depending on B．Supplied with C．Faced with D．Insisting on 13．A.different B．friendly C．positive D．general 14．A.criticized B．informed C．warned D．reminded 15．A.managed B．offered C．a(chǎn)ttempted D．expected 16．A.grateful B．energetic C．independent D．practical 17．A.examples B．limits C．rules D．goals 18．A.question B．experience C．history D．occasion 19．A.pay off B．e back C．run out D．turn up 20．A.blessing B．gathering C．failure D．pleasure 答案與解析 母愛(ài)無(wú)言，媽媽為家庭所做的努力和犧牲讓作者體會(huì)頗深，使作者學(xué)會(huì)了獨(dú)立和設(shè)定有一定高度但可達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。 1．B　下文提到“就像你老師說(shuō)你做得好能跳級(jí)一樣”可推斷，此處指媽媽的公司想提拔媽媽，故選B項(xiàng)。attract “吸引”； promote “提升，提拔”； surprise “吃驚”； praise “表?yè)P(yáng)”。 2．C　能跳級(jí)說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)很好，故選C項(xiàng)。 3．A　既然要跳級(jí)，當(dāng)然要離開(kāi)自己的朋友，故選A項(xiàng)。leave “離開(kāi)”； refuse “拒絕”； contact “聯(lián)系”； forgive “原諒”。 4．C　整個(gè)晚上的其他時(shí)間“我”都在想這個(gè)問(wèn)題。explain “解釋”； sleeping “睡覺(jué)”； wonder “想知道，琢磨”； regret “后悔，遺憾”。 5．D　“我”首次意識(shí)到大人們要做的艱難的選擇。poor “貧窮的”； timely “及時(shí)的”； final “最終的”； tough “困難的，艱難的”。 6．A　前文提到媽媽每天都會(huì)給“我”打電話，下文提到“我”告訴她生活中的點(diǎn)滴，故此處表示每天傍晚“我”都會(huì)急切地等在電話前。eagerly “急切地”； politely “有禮貌地”； nervously “緊張地”； curiously “好奇地”。 7．B　后文提到作者放假去看望媽媽可知，此處表示的是即使媽媽每天打電話也不能代替她在身邊，故選B項(xiàng)。patience “耐心”； presence “在場(chǎng)”； intelligence “智力”； influence “影響”。 8．C　根據(jù)下文“how lonely my mother”可知媽媽很孤獨(dú)，所以她住的公寓應(yīng)該也是空蕩蕩的。fortable “舒服的”； expensive “昂貴的”； empty “空的”； modern “現(xiàn)代的”。 9．B　看到媽媽空蕩蕩的公寓“我”意識(shí)到媽媽一個(gè)人在巴西是多么孤獨(dú)。bee interested in “對(duì)……感興趣”； bee aware of “意識(shí)到”； bee doubtful about “對(duì)……懷疑”； bee satisfied with “對(duì)……滿意”。 10．D　就是在那時(shí)“我”開(kāi)始?xì)J佩媽媽所做出的艱難的選擇。It was...that...構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 11．B　媽媽要在工作和家庭之間保持平衡。abandon “放棄”； balance “平衡”； pare “比較”； mix “混合”。 12．C　媽媽告訴“我”在面臨這些艱難選擇時(shí)，你不知道你所做的決定是否正確。depend on “取決于；依賴”； supply with “提供”； be faced with “面臨，面對(duì)”； insist on “堅(jiān)持”。 13．C　根據(jù) passion 可知媽媽告訴作者要充分利用所處的境地，要有熱情和積極的態(tài)度。different “不同的”； friendly “友好的”； positive “積極的”； general “一般的”。 14．D　前文提到“我”意識(shí)到媽媽所做的一切有多么困難，回來(lái)后“我”不斷提醒自己媽媽能做的“我”也能做到，故選D項(xiàng)。criticize “批評(píng)”； inform “告訴，通知”； warn “警告”； remind “提醒”。 15．A　如果媽媽能獨(dú)自在里約熱內(nèi)盧生活，“我”也能獨(dú)立。manage to do “成功做某事”； offer to do “主動(dòng)做某事”； attempt to do “試圖做某事”； expect to do “希望做某事”。 16．C　根據(jù) take care of myself(照顧“我”自己)可知此處表示“我”也能學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立。grateful “感激的”； energetic “精力充沛的”； independent “獨(dú)立的”； practical “實(shí)際的”。 17．D　此處表示作者會(huì)為自己設(shè)定有一定高度但能達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。example “例子”； limit “限制”； rule “規(guī)則”； goal “目標(biāo)”。 18．B　“我”永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記那次經(jīng)歷所教會(huì)“我”的。question “問(wèn)題”； experience “經(jīng)歷”； history “歷史”； occasion “場(chǎng)合”。 19．A　犧牲最終得到了回報(bào)。pay off “取得好的結(jié)果，得到回報(bào)”； e back “回來(lái)”； run out “用完”； turn up “出現(xiàn)，調(diào)大”。 20．A　“我”與媽媽的分離結(jié)果成為了對(duì)“我”有益的事情。blessing “祝福，好事，有益之事”； gathering “聚集，聚會(huì)”； failure “失敗”； pleasure “快樂(lè)”。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 Mr. Jones woke early one morning. It was a beautiful morning, so he went to the window and looked out. He was surprised to see a __1__ (neat) dressed, middleaged professor, __2__ worked in the university near his house. He had grey hair and thick glasses, and was carrying __3__ umbrella, a morning news paper and a bag. Mr. Jones thought that he must have arrived by the night train and decided to walk to the university instead of __4__ (take) a taxi. Mr. Jones had a big tree in his garden, and the children had tied a long rope to one of its __5__ (branch) so that they could swing on it. Mr. Jones was surprised to see the professor stop and look __6__ (care) up and down the road. When he saw that there was nobody __7__ sight, he stepped into the garden (there was no fence), put his umbrella, newspaper, bag and hat neatly on the grass and took hold of the rope. He pulled it hard to see __8__ it was strong enough to take his weight, then ran as fast as he could and __9__ (swing) into the air on the end of the rope. At last the professor stopped and continued on his way __10__ the university, looking as quiet and correct as one would expect a professor to be. 答案與解析 1．neatly　修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用副詞。 2．who　先行詞為人，定語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，故用 who 引導(dǎo)。 3．a(chǎn)n　表示“一個(gè)”，用不定冠詞。 4．taking　介詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 5．branches　one of 后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 6．carefully　修飾實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用副詞。 7．in　in sight 看得見(jiàn)。 8．whether/if　whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句意為“是否”。 9．swung　該空與 ran 并列，故用過(guò)去式 swung。 10．to　on ones way to 在某人去某地的路上。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (xx浙江省寧波市階段性考試) Dear Sir or Madam， Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of the ing International Trade Exposition. All our citizens are host for this great event. All of us should work hard to make well preparations for it. I promise I would try to serve for our honored guests from all over the world with enthusiasm. Besides, have a rich knowledge of Chinese history, I will be not only a servant but also a carrier for our splendidly culture. Whats more, English, an international language, will play important role in munication during the Exposition. Unluckily, I am good at them and can express myself fluently and clearly in English. To sum up, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value the chance and do that I can if I could be accepted to be one. Yours， Susan 答案 Dear Sir or Madam， Thank you for taking your time to read my letter. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of the ing International Trade Exposition. All our citizens are for this great event. All of us should work hard to make preparations for it. I promise I try to serve our honored guests from all over the world with enthusiasm. Besides, a rich knowledge of Chinese history, I will be not only a servant but also a carrier for our culture. Whats more, English, an international language, will play important role in munication during the Exposition. ， I am good at and can express myself fluently and clearly in English. To sum up, I believe I can be a qualified volunteer. I will value the chance and do I can if I could be accepted to be one. Yours， Susan