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我國數(shù)控技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展途徑
????在我國，數(shù)控技術(shù)與裝備的發(fā)展亦得到了高度重視，近年來取得了相當(dāng)大的進(jìn)步。特別是在通用微機(jī)數(shù)控領(lǐng)域，以PC平臺為基礎(chǔ)的國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，已經(jīng)走在了世界前列。但是，我國在數(shù)控技術(shù)研究和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展方面亦存在不少問題，特別是在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力、商品化進(jìn)程、市場占有率等方面情況尤為突出。在新世紀(jì)到來時，如何有效解決這些問題，使我國數(shù)控領(lǐng)域沿著可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路，從整體上全面邁入世界先進(jìn)行列，使我們在國際競爭中有舉足輕重的地位，將是數(shù)控研究開發(fā)部門和生產(chǎn)廠家所面臨的重要任務(wù)。
????為完成此任務(wù)，首先必須確立符合中國國情的發(fā)展道路。為此，本文從總體戰(zhàn)略和技術(shù)路線兩個層次及數(shù)控系統(tǒng)、功能部件、數(shù)控整機(jī)等幾個具體方面探討了新世紀(jì)的發(fā)展途徑。
????1 總體戰(zhàn)略
????制定符合中國國情的總體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，對21世紀(jì)我國數(shù)控技術(shù)與產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。通過對數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展趨勢的分析和對我國數(shù)控領(lǐng)域存在問題的研究，我們認(rèn)為以科技創(chuàng)新為先導(dǎo)，以商品化為主干，以管理和營銷為重點(diǎn)，以技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)為后盾，堅持可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路將是一種符合我國國情的發(fā)展數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)的總體戰(zhàn)略。
????1.1 以科技創(chuàng)新為先導(dǎo)
????中國數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)過40多年的發(fā)展，從無到有，從引進(jìn)消化到擁有自己獨(dú)立的自主版權(quán)，取得了相當(dāng)大的進(jìn)步。但回顧這幾十年的發(fā)展，可以看到我們在數(shù)控領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步主要還是按國外一些模式，按部就班地發(fā)展，真正創(chuàng)新的成分不多。這種局面在發(fā)展初期的起步階段，是無可非議的。但到了世界數(shù)控強(qiáng)手如林的今天和知識經(jīng)濟(jì)即將登上舞臺的新世紀(jì)，這一常規(guī)途徑就很難行通了。例如，在國外模擬伺服快過時，我們開始搞模擬伺服，還沒等我們站穩(wěn)市場，技術(shù)上就已經(jīng)落后了；在國外將脈沖驅(qū)動的數(shù)字式伺服打入我國市場時，我們就跟著搞這類所謂的數(shù)字伺服，但至今沒形成大的市場規(guī)模；近來國外將數(shù)字式伺服發(fā)展到用網(wǎng)絡(luò)（通過光纜等）與數(shù)控裝置連接時，我們又跟著發(fā)展此類系統(tǒng)，前途仍不樂觀。這種老是跟在別人后面走，按國外已有控制和驅(qū)動模式來開發(fā)國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，在技術(shù)上難免要滯后，再加上國外公司在我國境內(nèi)設(shè)立研究所和生產(chǎn)廠，實行就地開發(fā)、就地生產(chǎn)和就地銷售，使我們的產(chǎn)品在性能價格比上已越來越無多大優(yōu)勢，因此要進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大市場占有率，難度自然就很大了。
????為改變這種現(xiàn)狀，我們必須深刻理解和認(rèn)真落實“科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力”的偉大論斷，大力加強(qiáng)數(shù)控領(lǐng)域的科技創(chuàng)新，努力研究具有中國特色的實用的先進(jìn)數(shù)控技術(shù)，逐步建立自己獨(dú)立的、先進(jìn)的技術(shù)體系。在此基礎(chǔ)上大力發(fā)展符合中國國情的數(shù)控產(chǎn)品，從而形成從數(shù)控系統(tǒng)、數(shù)控功能部件到種類齊全的數(shù)控機(jī)床整機(jī)的完整的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。這樣，才不會被國外牽著鼻子，永遠(yuǎn)受別人的制約，才有可能用先進(jìn)、實用的數(shù)控產(chǎn)品去收復(fù)國內(nèi)市場，打開國際市場，使中國的數(shù)控技術(shù)和數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)在21世紀(jì)走在世界的前列。
????1.2 在商品化上狠下工夫
????近幾年我國數(shù)控產(chǎn)品雖然發(fā)展很快，但真正在市場上站住腳的卻不多。就數(shù)控系統(tǒng)而言，國產(chǎn)貨仍未真正被廣大機(jī)床廠所接受，因此出現(xiàn)國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)用于舊機(jī)床改造的例子較多，而裝備新機(jī)床的卻很少，機(jī)床廠出產(chǎn)的國產(chǎn)數(shù)控機(jī)床大多數(shù)用的都是國外的系統(tǒng)。這當(dāng)然不是說舊機(jī)床的數(shù)控化改造不重要，而是說明從商品的角度看，我們的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)與國外相比還存在相當(dāng)大的差距。
????影響數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和數(shù)控機(jī)床商品化的主要因素除技術(shù)性能和功能外，更重要的就是可靠性、穩(wěn)定性和實用性。以往，一些數(shù)控技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的研究、開發(fā)部門，所追求的往往是一些體現(xiàn)技術(shù)水平的指標(biāo)（如多少通道、多少軸聯(lián)動、每分鐘多少米的進(jìn)給速度等等），而對影響實用性的一些指標(biāo)和一些小問題卻不太重視，在產(chǎn)品的穩(wěn)定性、魯棒性、可靠性、實用性方面花的精力相對較少。從而出現(xiàn)某些產(chǎn)品鑒定時的水平都很高，甚至也獲各種大獎。但這些高指標(biāo)、高性能的產(chǎn)品到用戶哪兒卻由于一些小問題而表現(xiàn)不盡人意，最后喪失了信譽(yù)，打不開市場。這說明，高指標(biāo)、高性能的樣機(jī)型的產(chǎn)品離用戶真正需要的實用、可靠的商品是有相當(dāng)大的距離的，將一個高指標(biāo)、高性能的產(chǎn)品變?yōu)橐粋€有市場的商品還需做出大量艱苦的努力。
????另一方面，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和數(shù)控機(jī)床不像家電類產(chǎn)品那樣易于大批量生產(chǎn)，應(yīng)用環(huán)境也不那么簡單。數(shù)控產(chǎn)品是在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中使用，面臨的是五花八門的工藝問題。如果開發(fā)部門對這些問題掌握得不透，就難以將產(chǎn)品設(shè)計得很完善。而且數(shù)控產(chǎn)品的某些問題在開發(fā)、試用，甚至鑒定時都難以發(fā)現(xiàn)。這就造成，同樣型號的數(shù)控機(jī)床在有的用戶那兒運(yùn)行得很好，而在別的用戶那兒卻表現(xiàn)欠佳?；蛘咄瑯有吞柕臄?shù)控機(jī)床用于加工某些零件工作得很好，但用于加工其他零件時卻不盡人意。出現(xiàn)這種情況，有時是用戶操作人員的水平問題，但有時就是數(shù)控產(chǎn)品本身潛在問題的暴露。為解決這一問題，國外一些公司設(shè)立了專門機(jī)構(gòu)來測試考驗自己的產(chǎn)品，如為考驗新開發(fā)的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，廠家自己設(shè)計和從生產(chǎn)實際中收集了大量零件程序，讓數(shù)控系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行各種各樣的程序，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，即立即反饋給開發(fā)部門予以解決。經(jīng)過這樣的測試考驗過程后，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的潛在問題就大為減少。以往，我們的產(chǎn)品就很少進(jìn)行這樣嚴(yán)格的全面的自我測試考驗。好些問題要等到用戶去給我們挑出來。這樣，即使一個小問題也將嚴(yán)重影響國產(chǎn)數(shù)控產(chǎn)品的聲譽(yù)。
????因此，我們應(yīng)充分重視上述問題，在商品化上切實狠下工夫，將其作為數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)的主干來抓，貫穿于技術(shù)研究、產(chǎn)品開發(fā)、試制、生產(chǎn)等的全過程中，從而將我們已有的技術(shù)水平較高的數(shù)控產(chǎn)品變成真正有市場的好商品。
????1.3 將管理和營銷作為產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展重點(diǎn)
????經(jīng)過20來年市場風(fēng)雨的沖擊，國人已越來越認(rèn)識到，技術(shù)固然重要，但在市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的環(huán)境下，要在激烈的全球競爭中獲勝，管理和營銷就顯得更為重要。例如，我國臺灣生產(chǎn)的數(shù)控機(jī)床不但占領(lǐng)了大陸市場的相當(dāng)大的份額，而且還打進(jìn)了美國市場。是臺灣數(shù)控機(jī)床的技術(shù)和質(zhì)量超過美國了嗎？顯然不是。那他們靠的是什么？重要的一條就是在企業(yè)管理和產(chǎn)品營銷上下了工夫。而我們長期以來把主要精力放在開發(fā)技術(shù)和提高水平上，忽視了經(jīng)營管理、市場開拓、產(chǎn)品營銷等方面的工作，結(jié)果在新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)出來以后，在產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提高以后，企業(yè)仍然處于產(chǎn)品銷售不暢的困境。國內(nèi)外的經(jīng)驗說明，數(shù)控產(chǎn)品的競爭力不僅取決于技術(shù)，更取決于經(jīng)營管理能力和營銷能力。
????因此，從現(xiàn)在起我們應(yīng)將管理和營銷作為產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展重點(diǎn)，真正擺脫計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時代所遺留下來的思維方式和工作習(xí)慣的束縛，建立適應(yīng)市場的高效、靈敏的運(yùn)行機(jī)制和有效的激勵機(jī)制。通過這種機(jī)制，一方面切實加強(qiáng)企業(yè)管理，激發(fā)企業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人和廣大職工的負(fù)責(zé)精神、創(chuàng)造精神和獻(xiàn)身精神，努力提高產(chǎn)品的競爭能力；另一方面充分調(diào)動企業(yè)內(nèi)外、行業(yè)內(nèi)外一切積極因素，大力加強(qiáng)市場開拓力度，奮力打通營銷渠道?？梢詧孕?，有過硬競爭力的產(chǎn)品，再加上北京開關(guān)廠那樣的“找、掙、鉆、搶”精神，我們就一定能在市場競爭中取得勝利。
????1.4 大力加強(qiáng)技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)
????數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和數(shù)控機(jī)床作為典型的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品，對用戶的技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)是相當(dāng)重要的。以前國產(chǎn)數(shù)控產(chǎn)品喪失信譽(yù)的原因，除可靠性問題外，另一大問題就是缺乏有力的技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)。用戶花了很多錢買的數(shù)控機(jī)床或數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，一旦出現(xiàn)問題卻叫天天不應(yīng)，叫地 地不靈，以后誰還敢買我們的產(chǎn)品。因此，應(yīng)將對用戶的技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)當(dāng)成重要的日常工作來抓，使我們在市場上向縱深挺進(jìn)時，有一個強(qiáng)大后方。因此，為了取得數(shù)控產(chǎn)品市場競爭的全面勝利，必須建立以技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)為核心的強(qiáng)大后方。當(dāng)然，為贏得主動，后方也須主動出擊。目前，利用先進(jìn)的信息技術(shù)手段（如網(wǎng)絡(luò)和多媒體），將為建立新一代立體化的技術(shù)支持和服務(wù)體系開辟新的途徑。
????1.5 堅持可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路
????可持續(xù)發(fā)展是下一世紀(jì)企業(yè)發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略，我國數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)要有大的發(fā)展也必須堅持走可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路。綠色是實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要途徑，其主要思想是清潔和節(jié)約。為此應(yīng)大力加強(qiáng)綠色數(shù)控產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)，加速促進(jìn)數(shù)控產(chǎn)品、數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)以及整個制造業(yè)的綠色化，主要戰(zhàn)略措施應(yīng)考慮以下幾方面：①有效減少產(chǎn)品制造及使用過程中的環(huán)境污染。如減少數(shù)控機(jī)床的鑄件結(jié)構(gòu)，消除鑄造對環(huán)境的污染；將數(shù)控機(jī)床主軸的潤滑以油氣潤滑、噴油潤滑等取代油霧潤滑，減少對生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的污染；在精密數(shù)控機(jī)床及其運(yùn)行環(huán)境的溫度控制中取消氟利昂制冷的恒溫技術(shù)；以電傳動代替機(jī)械傳動，減少噪聲污染。②大幅度降低資源消耗和能源消耗。如以軟件代替硬件，從而減少硬件制造的資源和能源消耗及污染，并減少產(chǎn)品壽命結(jié)束后硬件裝置的拆卸回收問題；以永磁驅(qū)動代替感應(yīng)驅(qū)動，提高效率和功率因數(shù)，節(jié)約能源；以電傳動代替機(jī)械傳動，提高效率，減少能源消耗。③加強(qiáng)用數(shù)控技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床。這既符合運(yùn)用信息技術(shù)和自動化技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，使傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和裝備現(xiàn)代化這一產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)得以實現(xiàn)，又可取的巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。我國擁有普通機(jī)床數(shù)百萬臺，加強(qiáng)用數(shù)控技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床將成為下世紀(jì)我國數(shù)控領(lǐng)域的重要發(fā)展方向。④大力發(fā)展綠色數(shù)控機(jī)床。綠色數(shù)控機(jī)床應(yīng)是材料消耗少、能耗低、無污染，壽命長且便于拆卸回收的新型機(jī)床。例如，以并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)代替串聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)就是開發(fā)綠色數(shù)控機(jī)床的一條途徑，這是因為并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)機(jī)床消耗的金屬材料僅為常規(guī)串聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)機(jī)床的幾分之一，其加工量也比常規(guī)機(jī)床大幅度減少，特別是消除了大型結(jié)構(gòu)件的鑄造，這將顯著降低機(jī)床制造過程中的能源消耗和對環(huán)境的污染。此外，并聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)機(jī)床有利于采用電傳動，效率高，可有效降低使用中的能源消耗。
????國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織制定了ISO14000環(huán)境管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，全球環(huán)境問題“法律化”的趨勢正在進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，可持續(xù)發(fā)展將成為企業(yè)通向國際市場的通行證。因此，我們的數(shù)控產(chǎn)品要在下一世紀(jì)走向國際市場，我們的企業(yè)就必須“從我做起，從現(xiàn)在做起”。
????2 技術(shù)途徑
????2.1 發(fā)展具有中國特色的新一代PC數(shù)控系統(tǒng)
????數(shù)控系統(tǒng)是各類數(shù)控裝備的核心，因此通過科技創(chuàng)新首先發(fā)展具有中國特色的新型數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，將是推動數(shù)控產(chǎn)業(yè)化進(jìn)程的有效技術(shù)途徑。
????實踐證明，10年來我們所走的PC數(shù)控道路是完全正確的。PC機(jī)（包括工業(yè)PC）產(chǎn)量大、價格便宜，技術(shù)進(jìn)步和性能提高很快，且可靠性高（工業(yè)PC主機(jī)的MTBF已達(dá)30年［3］）。因此，以其作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的軟硬件平臺不但可以大幅度提高數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的性能價格比，而且還可充分利用通用微機(jī)已有軟硬件資源和分享計算機(jī)領(lǐng)域的最新成果，如大容量存儲器、高分辨率彩色顯示器、多媒體信息交換、聯(lián)網(wǎng)通訊等。此外，以通用微機(jī)作為數(shù)控平臺還可獲得快速的技術(shù)進(jìn)步，當(dāng)PC機(jī)升級換代時，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)也可相應(yīng)升級換代，從而長期保持技術(shù)上的優(yōu)勢，在競爭中立于不敗之地。
????目前，PC數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)有2種主要形式：（1）專用數(shù)控加PC前端的復(fù)合式結(jié)構(gòu)；（2）通用PC加位控卡的階梯式結(jié)構(gòu)。另外還有一種正在發(fā)展的數(shù)字化分布式結(jié)構(gòu)。其方案是將由DSP等組成的數(shù)字式伺服通過以光纜等為介質(zhì)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)與數(shù)控裝置連接起來，組成完整的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。這種系統(tǒng)雖然性能很好，但由于開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)成本太高，近期難以被國內(nèi)廣大用戶所接受。我們認(rèn)為，上述結(jié)構(gòu)并不是符合中國國情的最好方案，適合中國國情的應(yīng)是將所有數(shù)控功能全軟件化的集成式結(jié)構(gòu)，因為這種結(jié)構(gòu)的硬件規(guī)模最小，不但有利于降低系統(tǒng)成本，而且更重要的是可以有效提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性。
????幾十年的經(jīng)驗表明，可靠性好壞是國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)能否發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。雖然影響數(shù)控系統(tǒng)可靠性的因素很多，但過大的硬件規(guī)模和較低的硬件制造工藝水平往往對可靠性造成最大的威脅。以往，國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)在總體設(shè)計時由于種種原因的限制，不得不選用技術(shù)指標(biāo)不太高的普通CPU，這樣，為完成數(shù)控的復(fù)雜功能往往需要由多個CPU來組成系統(tǒng)，有時還需另加一些專用或通用硬件電路來實現(xiàn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的一些高實時性功能（如細(xì)插補(bǔ)、位置伺服控制等），從而造成系統(tǒng)硬件規(guī)模龐大。對于數(shù)控系統(tǒng)這種批量不大的產(chǎn)品，在國內(nèi)現(xiàn)有工藝條件下，很難從硬件制造的角度保證系統(tǒng)的可靠性，因而使得國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)在生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場的表現(xiàn)不佳，對國產(chǎn)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的形象和聲譽(yù)造成嚴(yán)重影響，使得不少用戶現(xiàn)在還心有余悸。
China's technology strategy development paths NC
In China, the CNC technology and equipment development has also been a high degree of attention in recent years has made considerable progress. Particularly in the area of general computer numerical control, PC-based platform for domestic CNC systems, has been at the forefront of the world. China, however, is in NC technology research and development industries also have many problems, particularly in the ability of technological innovation and commercialization process, and other aspects of market share is even more conspicuous. In the arrival of the new century, how to effectively solve these problems, China's NC areas along the path of sustainable development, from the overall comprehensive entered the ranks of the advanced world, we in the international competition in a pivotal position, will be NC research and development departments and manufacturers facing the important task.
???? To accomplish this task, first of all, must be established in line with China's national conditions and development. Therefore, this article from the overall strategic and technical level and two line CNC system, functional components, NC complete machine, and several specific aspects of the development in the new century means.
???? An overall strategy
???? Develop in line with China's national conditions of the overall development strategy of China in the 21st century CNC technology and industrial development. Through the CNC technology and industrial development trends of China's NC and the field of the study, we believe that technology innovation as a precursor to commercialization is the mainstay for the management and marketing, with the focus on technical support and services for backing , will adhere to the road of sustainable development consistent with the actual situation in China is a CNC technology and the development of the industry overall strategy.
???? 1.1 technology innovation as a pilot
???? China's CNC technology and industry after 40 years of development, from scratch, from the introduction of digestion to have their own independent autonomous copyright, made considerable progress. But looking back decades of development, we can see progress in the field of NC mainly by foreign models, the step-by-step development of truly innovative small components. This situation in the early days of the initial stage, is understandable. However, strong opponents such as the World NC-lam today, and the knowledge-based economy will be boarded stage of the new century, this means it will be very difficult to conventional conversation. For example, in foreign outdated analog servo soon, we began to engage in mock Servo, but he did not wait for us to take a firm market has been technically backward; abroad will be pulsed digital servo drive into China's market, we have to engage with the Such so-called digital servo, but has not been a large market size; recent abroad will be to the development of digital servo using networks (through fiber optic cable, etc.) and NC device connection, we have followed the development of such systems, is not optimistic about the future . This always go with the others behind, has been under foreign control and drive mode to develop the numerical control system, it is inevitable that lag behind in technology, coupled with foreign companies in China and the establishment of the Institute and production plants, on the implementation of and the development, in situ production and in situ, allowing our products has been increasing in the cost-of little advantage, it is necessary to further expand market share, on the very nature of the difficulty.
???? In order to change this situation, we must thoroughly understand and earnestly implement the "science and technology are the primary productive force" great thesis, vigorously strengthen the NC field of scientific and technological innovation, research efforts with Chinese characteristics and practical advanced numerical control technology, and gradually build their own independent, advanced technology system. On the basis of this development is in line with China's national conditions vigorously NC products, thus forming from the NC system, the NC components to the full range of CNC Machine Tool the integrity of the industry. In this way it will not be foreign to lead the nose, always constrained by the others, will it be possible to use advanced and practical NC recovering domestic product to market, open international markets to China's NC NC technology and industry in the 21st century take the forefront in the world.
???? 1.2 in the commercialization and pay special attention to
???? NC products in recent years China has been developing rapidly, but there is really a firm foothold in the market not many. On the NC system, Guochanhuo have not really been accepted by the overwhelming majority of Machine Tool Plant, resulting in domestic CNC machine tool systems for the old examples of the more, and equipment of the new machine is small, Machine Tool Plant produces domestic CNC machine tools Most were used foreign systems. This is not to say that the old machine NC transformation is not important, but the goods from the point of view of our CNC system compared with other countries there are still a considerable gap.
???? NC system and the impact of commercialization of CNC machine tools major factor in addition to the technical performance and functionality, but more important is the reliability, stability, and practicality. Previously, some of CNC technology and product research and development departments, and often it is pursued by a number of indicators of the level of technology (such as the number of channels, the number-axis, the number of meters per minute feed rate, etc.), and the impact usefulness of some of the indicators and some small problems but not paid much attention in the product stability, robustness, reliability, practicality, the energy spent relatively little. This way, the identification of certain products at a very high standard, but also by the various awards. But these high targets, high-performance products to the user where because of some minor problems and unsatisfactory performance, the final loss of credibility, being unable to open the market. This shows that the high targets, high-performance models like the products from the users really need a practical, reliable goods is a considerable distance, will be a high targets, high-performance products into a commodity market needs to be done a lot of painstaking efforts.
???? On the other hand, CNC systems and CNC machine tool products like home appliances, as easy to mass production, application environment not so simple. NC products are in use in a production environment, is facing a variety of technological issues. If the development sector on these issues are not thoroughly grasp on the product design will be very difficult to complete. NC products and some of the issues in the development, test, even when they can not find identification. This caused the same type of CNC machine tools in some users run very well there, and there are other users in the poor performance. Or the same type of CNC machine tool for processing certain parts work very well, but other parts for processing when unsatisfactory. This happens, sometimes the standard user operation, but sometimes NC product itself is the potential exposure. To solve this problem, some foreign companies to set up specialized agencies to test a test of its own products, such as the development of a test of the new NC system, manufacturers its own design and production from the actual collection of a large number of components in the process to run the NC system kind of a variety of procedures, once discovered, that is, immediate feedback to the development sector to be addressed. After this test test process, the CNC system on the potential problems greatly reduced. The past, our products are rarely carried out such stringent comprehensive self-test test. Some issues we have to wait until users to give us singled out. Thus, even a small problem will seriously affect the reputation of China-made products NC.
???? Therefore, we should pay full attention to the above problems, and pay special attention to the commercialization, as the backbone of NC industry task throughout the technology research, product development, Preparation, the entire process of production, thus we have the higher the skill level of NC products into genuine good commodity market.
???? 1.3 will manage the development and marketing as a key industry
???? After 20 of the coming year, the market impact of the storm, people have become increasingly aware that technology is important, but in a market economy environment, we must in the face of fierce global competition and win, management and marketing has become more important. For example, China's Taiwan CNC machine tool production to the mainland not only occupied a large market share, but also into the United States market. Taiwan's CNC machine tool technology and quality than the United States? Clearly not. That they rely on? The most important one is in the enterprise management and product marketing of the work from top to bottom. We long to focus on the development of technology and improve the quality and neglected the operation and management, market development, product marketing, and other aspects of the work results in new technologies, new products developed later, in the improvement of product quality, the enterprises still at the plight of poor sales. Domestic and international experience shows that the competitiveness of the products NC depends not only on technology, but also dependent on capacity management and marketing ability.
???? Therefore, from now on we should management and marketing as a key industrial development, the real from the planned economy era left from the way of thinking and work habits, adapt to the market to establish an efficient, sensitive operational mechanism and an effective incentive mechanism. Through this mechanism, on the one hand effectively strengthen enterprise management, and stimulate enterprises are responsible for the vast majority of workers and responsible spirit, creative spirit and the spirit of sacrifice, and strive to improve the competitiveness of the products; on the other hand to fully mobilize domestic and foreign enterprises, industry and outside all positive factors, vigorously strengthen market development efforts, strive to get through the marketing channels. We can firmly believe that there are strong competitive products, coupled with Beijing Switch Factory as "find, earn, drilling, and looting" spirit, we will certainly be able to compete in the market in the victory.
???? 1.4 vigorously strengthen technical support and services
???? CNC systems and CNC machine tool as a typical high-tech products, the users of technical support and services is very important. NC domestic product before the reasons for the loss of credibility, in addition to reliability problems, another big problem is the lack of strong technical support and services. Users spent a lot of money to buy NC NC machine or system, but if there are problems every day is not being heard by anyone, after Who Ganmai our products. Therefore, users should be on the technical support and services as an important task of the day-to-day, we in the market into depth, a strong rear. Therefore, in order to achieve product market competition NC comprehensive victory, we must establish a technical support and services at the core of the powerful rear. Of course, to gain the initiative, the rear has to take the initiative to attack. At present, the use of advanced information technology tools (such as Internet, and multimedia), will be a new generation of three-dimensional technical support and service system opened up new avenues.
???? 1.5 adhere to the road of sustainable development
???? Sustainable development is development of the next century are an important strategic enterprises, China NC industries have great development must also adhere to the path of sustainable development. Green is the achievement of sustainable development an important way, the main idea is clean and economical. Of this, we should vigorously strengthen the green NC product development, accelerate the promotion of products NC, NC industries, as well as the green of the entire manufacturing sector, the main strategic measures should take into account the following aspects: ① effectively reduce the manufacture and use of products in the process of environmental pollution . CNC machine tools such as reducing the casting structure, eliminate the environmental pollution caused by casting; NC will be in the machine spindle lubrication oil lubrication, lubrication, such as fuel injection replaced mist lubrication, reducing the production environment pollution in precision CNC machine tool and its operation environmental temperature control of the thermostat cancelled freon refrigeration technology; to replace mechanical transmission, drive to reduce noise pollution. ② significant reduction in the consumption of resources and energy consumption. If the software instead of hardware, thereby reducing hardware resources and energy consumption and pollution, and reducing product life after the demolition of hardware device recovery; to replace the permanent magnet drive induction drive, improve efficiency and power factor, energy conservation; Electric Drive to replace mechanical transmission, improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption. ③ intensify NC technology to transform traditional machine. This not only conforms to the use of information technology and automation technology to transform traditional industries, the production of traditional industries technology and equipment modernization of the industry's sustainable development objectives are achieved, and the enormous economic benefits desirable. China has millions of general machine tools, used to strengthen NC technology to transform traditional machine next century China will become an important field of NC development direction. ④ vigorously develop green CNC machine tools. Green CNC machine tool should be less material consumption, and low consumption, pollution-free, long life and easy recovery of demolition new machine. For example, parallel structure to replace the tandem structure is the development of a green CNC machine tool ways, it is because the parallel structure of machine tool consumption of conventional metallic materials tandem structure only a fraction of the machine, processing volume than conventional machine tools significantly reduce , in particular the elimination of the large-scale structure of the casting, which will significantly reduce manufacturing machine in the process of energy consumption and