2019高考英語(yǔ) 詞匯（21）練習(xí)（含解析）.doc

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詞匯（21） 復(fù)習(xí)：1、核心單詞2、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)3、寫(xiě)作句式4、我讀我練（詞匯應(yīng)用、句式仿寫(xiě)） 【單句單詞語(yǔ)法填空】 1．—Im afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me. —Well, if you ________， at least wait till the heavy rain stops. 答案：must　句意為：——恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開(kāi)了，因?yàn)槟阒溃诘任?。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根?jù)語(yǔ)境可知填must，意為“偏要；非得”。 2． My book，The House of Hades, is missing.Who ______ have taken it？ 答案：could　句意為：我那本《決戰(zhàn)冥王圣殿》不見(jiàn)了。誰(shuí)會(huì)把它拿走了呢？由句意可知，設(shè)空處表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的一種疑問(wèn)的推測(cè)，故填could。 3．(2015天津，7改編)I ________have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 答案：neednt　neednt have done為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中表虛擬的用法，意思為“本不必做某事卻做了”。 4．(2015陜西，21改編)You ________feel all the training a waste of time，but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it. 答案：may　情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may表推測(cè)時(shí)，意為“或許，可能”。句意：你或許覺(jué)得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是我敢百分百保證，你以后一定會(huì)感恩你這么做了。 15．(2015福建，27改編)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again. —Oh，its too bad.You ________ have made full preparations. 答案：should　should have done“本應(yīng)該干某事而事實(shí)上沒(méi)干”。由failed可知“我”沒(méi)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，因此用should have done。 核心單詞 1.practical adj.　　　　 實(shí)際的，適用的 2.practice n. 練習(xí) 3.praise n.& vt. 贊揚(yáng)，表?yè)P(yáng) 4.precious adj. 寶貴的，珍貴的 5.precise adj. 精確的；準(zhǔn)確的；認(rèn)真的 6.predict v. 預(yù)知；預(yù)言，預(yù)報(bào) 7.preference n. 喜愛(ài)；偏愛(ài) 8.prejudice n. 偏見(jiàn)，成見(jiàn) 9.preparation n. 準(zhǔn)備 10.present adj. 出現(xiàn)的，出席的 　　　n. 禮物，贈(zèng)品 　　　vt. 提出；提交 11.preserve vt. 保護(hù)；維持；保持；保存 12.pressure n. 壓迫，壓力，壓強(qiáng) 13.pretend vi. 假裝，裝作 14.prevent vt. 防止，預(yù)防 15.preview vt. 預(yù)習(xí)；試演；預(yù)展 16.previous adj. 在先的，在前的，以前的 17.pride n. 自豪，驕傲 18.primary adj. 最初的；基本的；首要的 19.primitive adj. 原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的 20.principle n. 原則，原理；準(zhǔn)則，規(guī)范 21.private adj. 私人的 22.privilege n. 特權(quán)，優(yōu)惠 23.procedure n. 程序，手續(xù) 24.process n.& vt. 過(guò)程，加工，處理 25.produce vt. 生產(chǎn)；制造 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) 1.keep up 　　　　　　堅(jiān)持；維持；沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等) keep up (with) 趕上；不落在后面 keep in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系 keep...out of 不使……入內(nèi)；不惹事 keep away from 不(使)接近 記住…… keep one’s word 遵守諾言 keep silent 保持沉默 keep/prevent/stop...from doing sth 制止(防止)……做某事 keep off 使……遠(yuǎn)離 2.lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)；通向 lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事 lead/live a...life 過(guò)……的生活 lead the way 引路；帶路 【閱讀理解】 You use her as a shoulder to cry on. She texts you back with casual jokes. But she, Xiaoice, is only a virtual chatbot（虛擬聊天機(jī)器人）. Xiaoice, Microsoft’s latest artificial intelligence robot, was briefly released in 2014, and returned to WeChat in 2015, where she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily, The New York Times reported. On WeChat, Xiaoice is an official account. After following it, users can start text-based conversations with Xiaoice. ＂Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice,＂ Liu Jinchang, a researcher at High-tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology, told China Daily. Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis（表情符號(hào)） in conversations, Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users, China Daily reported. Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid-1960s in the US. Driven by top tech panies, they are being smarter and more mon. For instance, IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia’s Deakin University, answering students’ questions about course schedules and financial aid. Apple’s Siri and Amazon’s Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news, play music and even make jokes for their users. These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms, The New York Times pointed out. However, it may take decades before scientists develop a ＂Samantha＂, the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her. In the film, Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix. Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates. 1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? A. She became a best seller. B. She became very powerful. C. She became a money maker. D. She became very popular. 2.Which of the following can Xiaoice do? A. Do housework. B. Spread messages. C. Identify various photos. D. Read news to its users. 3.Which pany’s chatbot program can act as an academic consultant? A. Microsoft. B. IBM. C. Apple. D. Amazon. 4.What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Chatbots will be applied to cars soon. B. Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now. C. Samantha is played by a US actor in the film. D. The film Her doesn’t interest many audience. 【文章大意】本文講述的是人工智能程序的發(fā)展情況。列舉了微信上的聊天程序大受歡迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成為顧問(wèn)，但是目前這種程序主要應(yīng)用在智能手機(jī)上，人們期待它將來(lái)可以在手機(jī)以外的地方使用。 1.D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)she became a big hit. Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily可知，她在微信上大受歡迎，很多中國(guó)人都喜歡與她聊天，故選D。 3.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中IBM’s latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作為學(xué)術(shù)顧問(wèn)，故選B。 4.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones, into televisions, cars and living rooms,可知，人們期待這些程序除了智能手機(jī)之外，也能應(yīng)用在電視、汽車、 起居室等地，所以目前是主要應(yīng)用在智能手機(jī)上，故選B。 寫(xiě)作句式 倒　裝 1.(2016北京高考書(shū)面表達(dá))Not only do his poems have a strong influence on the Chinese literature, but also his poems have been translated into many foreign languages. 他的詩(shī)歌不僅對(duì)中國(guó)文學(xué)有很大的影響，而且還被譯成多種外語(yǔ)。 2.Tired as we were, we felt happy as all the hard work paid off. 盡管我們很累，但是因?yàn)樗行燎诘膭趧?dòng)都得到了回報(bào)，所以我們感到很快樂(lè)。 3.(2014湖南高考書(shū)面表達(dá))So smoothly does the pen write that it can contribute to making our handwriting better. 這只鋼筆寫(xiě)起來(lái)那么流暢以至于它可以有助于改善我們的書(shū)法。 我讀我練 Ⅰ.詞匯應(yīng)用 1.He tricked her into marrying him by pretending (假裝) that he was rich. 2.It’s illegal to read people’s private (私人的) letters without permission. 3.His plan was so practical(practice) that we all agreed to accept it. 4.She chose to learn the violin in preference (prefer) to the piano. 5.In face of the challenge for the moment, it’s the most important to__keep__up(保持) a good state of health. 6.The guide leading__the__way(帶路), we had no trouble getting out of the forest. Ⅱ.句式仿寫(xiě) 1.盡管他們盡力了，但他們還是沒(méi)能讓她改變主意。 Hard__as__they__tried,__they couldn’t make her change her mind. 2.它不僅影響我們的日常生活，也把人們的生命置于危險(xiǎn)之中。 (2015江蘇高考滿分作文)Not__only__does__it__affect__our__daily__life,__but it also puts people’s lives at risk. 3.他的家庭如此貧困以至于他十二歲時(shí)就輟學(xué)了。 So__poor__was__his__family__that he had to drop out at the age of 12. 【練習(xí)】 The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do.However，I wanted to do something differently.As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day，so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions，what were very useful，and I read it carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the feel that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me. 【答案】　 The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what most students would do.However，I wanted to do something .As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day， I decided to call her and her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions， were very useful，and I read carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her all she had done for me. 第一處：most前加the?？疾楣谠~。母親節(jié)前一天，我周圍的所有人都在談?wù)撌裁词撬麄儗槟赣H買的最合適的禮物。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為形容詞的最高級(jí)，故在most前加the。 第二處：were→was?？疾橹髦^一致。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)Buying flowers作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)形式，故將were改為was。 第三處：differently→different。考查形容詞。修飾不定代詞something需用形容詞。注意：different在此作后置定語(yǔ)。 第四處：去掉so?？疾檫B詞。as“因?yàn)椤?，引?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，故后面的so多余。 第五處：sent→send?？疾閯?dòng)詞。and連接的不是并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而是不定式，第二個(gè)不定式前的to承前省略了。 第六處：what→which?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。先行詞為suggestions，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句缺主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。注意：what不可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 第七處：it→them。考查代詞。指代前面的suggestions，需用復(fù)數(shù)代詞them。 第八處：feel→feeling?？疾槊~。feel作名詞表示“觸覺(jué)，印象”，而feeling作名詞表示“想法，意見(jiàn)，感覺(jué)”，顯然此處要用feeling。 第九處：in→up。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。give in是“讓步，屈服”的意思，與語(yǔ)義不符。give up意為“放棄”，符合語(yǔ)境要求。 第十處：to→for?？疾榻樵~。此處表示我感謝媽媽為我做過(guò)的一切。thank sb.for sth.“為某事感謝某人”為固定用法。