2019高考英語一輪選訓(xùn)習(xí)題 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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必修1　Unit 5　Nelson Mandela — a modern hero 一、閱讀理解 The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents. All she’s ever wanted to do is to bee an elementary school teacher. However, Hipp has racked up(累計(jì)) $100,000 (about 0.67 million yuan) in student loan debt and isn’t able to earn enough through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server tolive anywhere other than home. To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily. The Pew Research Center recently reported that 2016 was a milestone in the evolving living arrangements of young adults in the US. Until 2016, the most mon living arrangement for young adults was to be living in their own property as part of a couple. UBS Financial Services, a Swiss global financial services pany, released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesn’t want them to leave. The report shows that 74 percent of millennials(千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. Millennials see their parents as peers, friends and mentors(導(dǎo)師). In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them. Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in the US, said “Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn’t necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest, he said. “They may like living at home and being able to save money.” He added, “While it has held back household formation and purchases on things, they are probably traveling more and eating out more. I don’t know if it represents a change in moral values, it’s much more mon for adult children to live in their parent’s homes because it’s being part of the culture.” 1.What’s the purpose of Caitlin Hipp’s story? A. To prove the author’s view. B. To introduce her situation. C. To present the topic. D. To make readers rethink about the problem. 2.What does the underlined part (Paragraph1) probably refer to? A. live with parents B. live independently C. stay at home D. leave home 3.According to Hoffman, which of the following is true? A. It isn’t necessary for millennials to leave the nest. B. They can spend less money on their daily life. C. Moral values are changing gradually. D. Young adults are living in a different life style. 4.What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Why is the number of the millennial growing steadily? B. Why has the percentage of adults living with their parents been on the rise? C. Why are parents willing to help fund for young adults? D. Why do more adults treat their parents as peers, friends and guides? 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在美國，現(xiàn)在和父母同住的年輕人的數(shù)量持續(xù)增加這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。 1.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.”可知，文章開頭舉Caitlin Hipp的例子就是為了引出本文話題——越來越多的美國青年傾向于和父母同住。 3.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“it’s much more mon for adult children to live in their parent’s homes because it’s being part of the culture.”可知，霍夫曼認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的年輕人和父母同住是一種很正常的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，這是不同以往的，說明年輕人的生活方式發(fā)生了變化。 4.B 【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第二段中的“However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily”可知，本文主要介紹了在美國，現(xiàn)在和父母同住的年輕人的數(shù)量持續(xù)增加這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。 二、完形填空 We have all heard of giant pandas, and know that they are endangered. When one has babies, it makes national news __1__， and pictures of their babies are __2__ circulated. But it now seems that the giant panda is not __3__ of itself. The lovely animals have __4__ a classic test of selfawareness. They cannot __5__ themselves in the mirror. Researchers use the mirror recognition test to __6__ whether children or animals have a __7__ of selfawareness. In the test, an animal is presented __8__ a mirror. Researchers then watch to see __9__ it notices a mark on its face, which is only __10__ in the mirror. If the animal notices the mark, it often __11__ it. Human children often pass the test when they are only two years old. Many other animals have passed the mirror test, including monkeys, Asian elephants and even pigeons. But when researchers tested pandas, __12__ of them did the same thing as those animals did. __13__， each panda behaved as if their __14__ in the mirror was another panda altogether. They acted as if they were __15__ by what they saw in the mirror, scratching their feet and walking __16__. The __17__ of this research will help design better areas for animals in captivity (圈養(yǎng)). For example, onedirectional glass sometimes used in the areas may __18__ pandas to feel stressed when they see their own image in the __19__. Thats because they might believe it to be another panda, __20__ themselves. 1．A.papers　　　　　B．covers C．headlines D．pages 2．A.widely B．popularly C．especially D．pletely 3．A.shy B．fond C．conscious D．confident 4．A.failed B．ignored C．faced D．conducted 5．A.observe B．discover C．recognize D．understand 6．A.believe in B．find out C．pick out D．take in 7．A.sense B．question C．opinion D．thought 8．A.for B．with C．in D．before 9．A.how B．when C．why D．whether 10．A.touchable B．seeable C．sensible D．possible 11．A.dismisses B．a(chǎn)dmits C．feels D．moves 12．A.all B．most C．one D．none 13．A.Thus B．However C．Instead D．Still 14．A.reaction B．reflection C．operation D．imagination 15．A.trapped B．a(chǎn)mazed C．threatened D．teased 16．A.backwards B．a(chǎn)lone C．forwards D．a(chǎn)long 17．A.failure B．oute C．success D．review 18．A.cause B．prepare C．a(chǎn)ccelerate D．urge 19．A.eyes B．cages C．zoo D．glass 20．A.other than B．regardless of C．because of D．rather than 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文對(duì)大熊貓、兒童還有其他的動(dòng)物都做了有關(guān)自我意識(shí)感方面的研究，結(jié)果顯示大熊貓的自我認(rèn)知很差，即使照鏡子，它們也認(rèn)不出鏡子里的自己。 1．C　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“and know that they are endangered”可推知，當(dāng)一個(gè)大熊貓有寶寶后，很快就會(huì)上國內(nèi)新聞?lì)^條。C項(xiàng)意為“頭條(新聞)”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“報(bào)紙”；B項(xiàng)意為“封面”；D項(xiàng)意為“頁碼”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．A　考查副詞辨析。上文提到，當(dāng)一個(gè)大熊貓有寶寶后，很快就會(huì)上國內(nèi)新聞?lì)^條；由此可推知，大熊貓寶寶的照片會(huì)被廣泛傳閱。A項(xiàng)意為“廣泛地”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“流行地”；C項(xiàng)意為“特別地”；D項(xiàng)意為“完全地”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 3．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“a classic test of selfawareness”可知，這里指的是現(xiàn)在看起來大熊貓是沒有自我意識(shí)的。C項(xiàng)意為“有意識(shí)的”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“害羞的”；B項(xiàng)意為“喜歡的”；D項(xiàng)意為“自信的”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 4．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“They cannot... have a ________ of selfawareness.”可知，可愛的大熊貓沒有通過這種經(jīng)典的自我意識(shí)測試。A項(xiàng)意為“失敗”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“忽視”；C項(xiàng)意為“面對(duì)”；D項(xiàng)意為“指揮，引導(dǎo)”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 5．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“Researchers use the mirror recognition...”可知，此處指大熊貓認(rèn)不出鏡子中的自己。C項(xiàng)意為“辨認(rèn)出”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“觀察”；B項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“理解”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 6．B　考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究者的目的是弄清楚孩子或動(dòng)物是否有自我認(rèn)知。B項(xiàng)意為“找到，弄清楚”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“相信，信任”；C項(xiàng)意為“挑選出”；D項(xiàng)意為“吸收，欺騙”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 7．A　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指自我認(rèn)知，是一種感覺。A項(xiàng)意為“感覺”，a sense of為固定搭配，意為“一種……感”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“問題”；C項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“想法”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．B　考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，動(dòng)物在鏡子中呈現(xiàn)出來。表示使用某種工具，應(yīng)用介詞with。 9．D　考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究者想觀察大熊貓是否能注意到它臉上的記號(hào)。故選D項(xiàng)。 10．B　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在自己臉上的標(biāo)記，只有在鏡子中才能看到。B項(xiàng)意為“可見的”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“可觸摸的”；C項(xiàng)意為“可覺察的”；D項(xiàng)意為“可能的”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 11．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“Many other animals have passed the mirror test”可知，此處指如果動(dòng)物注意到臉上的標(biāo)記，它會(huì)感受到這個(gè)標(biāo)記的。C項(xiàng)意為“感受，感覺”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“解雇，解散”；B項(xiàng)意為“承認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“移動(dòng)”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 12．D　考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)上文及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but”可知，此處指沒有一只大熊貓像其他動(dòng)物一樣能感受到臉上的標(biāo)記。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“相反，每一只大熊貓表現(xiàn)得就像鏡子里的影像是其他大熊貓”。C項(xiàng)意為“代替，而不是”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“然而”；D項(xiàng)意為“仍然”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 14．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，鏡子中應(yīng)是映照出的影像。B項(xiàng)意為“映像，倒影”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“反應(yīng)”；C項(xiàng)意為“操作，手術(shù)”；D項(xiàng)意為“想象”。均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中熊貓的反應(yīng)可知，熊貓表現(xiàn)出好像受到鏡子中“自己”的威脅。C項(xiàng)意為“威脅”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“使陷入困境，卡住”；B項(xiàng)意為“使驚訝”；D項(xiàng)意為“取笑，戲弄”，均與語境不符。故選C項(xiàng)。 16．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，害怕會(huì)向后退。A項(xiàng)意為“向后”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“獨(dú)自地”；C項(xiàng)意為“向前”；D項(xiàng)意為“一起，沿著”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 17．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指研究的結(jié)果。B項(xiàng)意為“結(jié)果”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“失敗”；C項(xiàng)意為“成功”；D項(xiàng)意為“復(fù)習(xí)”，均與語境不符。故選B項(xiàng)。 18．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。由語境可知，此處指可以成像的玻璃會(huì)讓大熊貓感到有壓力。cause sb. to do sth. 意為“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”，符合語境。B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備”；C項(xiàng)意為“加速”；D項(xiàng)意為“督促”，均與語境不符。故選A項(xiàng)。 19．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“onedirectional glass”可知，glass符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。 20．D　考查介詞短語辨析。由語境可知，此處指這就是因?yàn)榇笮茇埾嘈喷R子里是別的大熊貓而不是自己。D項(xiàng)意為“而不是”，符合語境。A項(xiàng)意為“除了”；B項(xiàng)意為“不管”；C項(xiàng)意為“因?yàn)椤?，均與語境不符。故選D項(xiàng)。 三、七選五 (2018合肥市高三調(diào)研性檢測) How to Set Goals Whether you have small dreams or high expectations, setting goals allows you to plan how you want to move through life. Some achievements can take a lifetime to attain, while others can be pleted in a day. __1__ ? Determine your life goals. Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life. What do you want to achieve today, in a year, and in your lifetime? The answers to this question can be as general as “I want to be happy” or “I want to help people”. __2__ ? Set specific goals. Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve. Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it. __3__ For example, “Be healthier” is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. “I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon” is better. ? Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. __4__ Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated. ? __5__ You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you acplishing them according to your timeline? Are they still necessary to keep you on track towards your larger life goals? Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small changes to your goals. A．Adjust your goals. B．Track and measure your progress. C．Having deadlines will keep you motivated. D．Consider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years. E．Here are some important ideas that you may find helpful. F．Writing them down tends to make them bee a little more real. G．Remember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了設(shè)定目標(biāo)的四種方法。 1．答案與解析：E根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處承上啟下；結(jié)合下文各段的主題句可知，空處引出設(shè)定目標(biāo)的有用方法，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。 2．答案與解析：D根據(jù)該段的主題句“Determine your life goals.”可知，該段主要建議“確定你的終身目標(biāo)”；據(jù)此可知，該目標(biāo)屬于長期目標(biāo)，故D項(xiàng)符合語境。 3．答案與解析：G　根據(jù)下文中的“For example, ‘Be healthier’ is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. ‘I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon’ is better”可知，該處舉例說明要把大目標(biāo)分解成小目標(biāo)，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。 4．答案與解析：F　根據(jù)該段的主題句“Write out your goals.”可知，要寫下你的目標(biāo)；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處解釋“寫下目標(biāo)”的原因，故F項(xiàng)符合語境。 5．答案與解析：A　根據(jù)空處所在位置可知，空處是該段的主題句；結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容尤其是該段尾句“Allow yourself the flexibility to make some small changes to your goals.”可知，該段主要講可以靈活地對(duì)你的目標(biāo)做一些改變，故A項(xiàng)符合語境。 四、書面表達(dá) 【2018廣東高考選練】書面表達(dá) （滿分25分） 假定你是某中學(xué)生英語報(bào)的小記者, 以下漫畫內(nèi)容是你的所見所聞,諳根據(jù)要求寫一篇英語短文投稿。 內(nèi)容要求： 1.描述漫畫內(nèi)容； 2.發(fā)表個(gè)人感想 注意： 1. 短文標(biāo)題與開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2. 考生可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、連貫 3. 詞數(shù)120左右; 4. 文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 參考詞匯:告示牌sign Mind Your Behavior in Public Places Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. 【參考范文】書面表達(dá)（25分）： One Possible Version: Mind Your Behavior in Public Places Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. Whats worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign "No Littering" nearby. What a shame! Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. Only in this way can we live in more fortable and beautiful surroundings.