2018-2019學(xué)年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Module 12 Save our world詞句精講精練（含解析）（新版）外研版.doc

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Module 12 Save our world 詞句精講精練 詞匯精講 1. fight （1）fight（against /with sb. /sth.）意為“與……搏斗，打架，作戰(zhàn)”，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為fought，fought。 例如： In World War Two, Britain fought against Germany with France. 在二戰(zhàn)中，英國(guó)與法國(guó)聯(lián)合抗擊德國(guó)。 Have you fought with your brother again？ 你又和弟弟打架了嗎？ （2）fight（about /over sth.）意為“因?yàn)槟呈露鵂?zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)奪”。例如： Don’t fight about small things. 不要為瑣事?tīng)?zhēng)吵。 The two dogs were fighting over a bone. 兩只狗為一塊骨頭廝咬。 ( 3) fight for sth.意為“爭(zhēng)取獲得或完成某事”。例如： fight for freedom, independence, human rights 爭(zhēng)取獲得自由，獨(dú)立，人權(quán)等 2. spread （1）spread作動(dòng)詞，意為“伸展，延伸，張開(kāi)”。例如： He spread out a map. 他攤開(kāi)了地圖。 The young bird spread its wings. 那只幼鳥(niǎo)伸展翅膀。 He spread out his arms to welcome us. 他張開(kāi)手臂歡迎我們。 （2）spread作動(dòng)詞，還意為“傳播(消息等)，(疾病)蔓延，撒(肥料等)”。例如： Flies spread diseases. 蒼蠅傳染疾病。 The fire spread from the factory to the warehouse nearby. 火從工廠蔓延到了附近的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。 The city spreads to the west. 那城市向西擴(kuò)展。 3. collect collect及物動(dòng)詞，意為“收集，搜集”。例如： collect stamps 收集郵票 collect coins 收集硬幣 【拓展】collection名詞，意為“收藏品、收集物”。是動(dòng)詞collect 的名詞形式，是由動(dòng)詞collect后綴-tion變化來(lái)的。 collector 名詞，意為“收藏家”。例如： These are my collections. 這些是我的收藏品。 My brother has a very good collection of stamps. 我的弟弟收集了許多郵票。 Mark is a famous stamp collector. Mark是一位著名的郵票收藏家。 4. save save作動(dòng)詞，意為“保存、儲(chǔ)存、挽救、節(jié)省”等意思。例如： How do you save the document? 你如何保存這個(gè)文件？ The boy saves money to buy a pen. 那個(gè)男孩攢錢買鋼筆。 The police saved the girl’s life. 警察救了那個(gè)女孩的命。 【拓展】 save…from（doing）… 拯救……免于…… save one’s life 救某人的命， 幫某人大忙 5. care (1) care用作名詞，表示“照顧，照看，小心”等，為不可數(shù)名詞。例如： You must do it with great care. 你必須十分小心地做那件事。 We should take good care of these children. 我們應(yīng)該好好照看這些孩子。 (2) care用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下用法： 1) 后接不定式，表示“愿意，喜歡，想要做某事”，通常用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句或條件句中。例如： I don’t care to play basketball. 我不喜歡打籃球。 Would you care to go for a walk? 你想去散散步嗎？ 2) 后接從句，表示“在乎，在意”等，多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，偶爾也用于肯定句中。例如： I don’t care what he thinks. 我才不管他怎么想呢。 I really care whether we win or lose. 我真的很在乎我們是贏還是輸。 3) 用于care about表示“在乎，擔(dān)憂，關(guān)注”。例如： He doesn’t care about his clothes. 他對(duì)衣著不在乎。 6. such as such as意為“例如”，用來(lái)“羅列”同類人或物中的幾個(gè)例子，可置于被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，但such as后邊不能用逗號(hào)。例如： Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有許多英語(yǔ)節(jié)目很受歡迎，例如《跟我學(xué)》《跟我學(xué)科學(xué)》。 English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on. 許多國(guó)家說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，如澳大利亞和加拿大等。 【拓展】 for example也意為“例如”，但是強(qiáng)調(diào)“舉例”說(shuō)明，而且一般只舉同類人或物中的一個(gè)作為插入語(yǔ)，且用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。例如： There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution. 有許多種污染方式，例如噪音就是一種污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike. 許多學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲，比如邁克。 7. dis-; -able等前綴、后綴構(gòu)詞法 (1) 前綴 1) dis-主要用在動(dòng)詞之前或名詞和形容詞前，表示相反意義。例如： disappear消失；dislike不喜歡；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；disobey不遵守；disbelieve不相信； disadvantage不利條件；dishonest不誠(chéng)實(shí)的 2) in-; im-; un-; il-; ir-用在形容詞前，表示否定意義。例如： indirect間接的；incorrect不正確的；inactive不活動(dòng)的；impossible不可能的；unable不能的；unhealthy不健康的；unsuccessful不成功的；illegal非法的；irregular不規(guī)則的 3) re-用在動(dòng)詞前，表示“重新，再”。例如： rebuild重建；recycle再循環(huán)；reconsider重新考慮 (2)后綴 1) –able：名詞或動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~，表示“可……的；顯示……性質(zhì)”。例如： respectable可敬的；eatable可吃的；comfortable舒服的；valuable有價(jià)值的；fashionable時(shí)髦的； loveable可愛(ài)的。 2) –ful：名詞或動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~，表示“充滿……的”。例如： beautiful漂亮的；successful成功的；wonderful精彩的；hopeful有希望的 3) –less：名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~，表示“沒(méi)有……的”。例如： jobless無(wú)業(yè)的；homeless無(wú)家可歸的；helpless無(wú)助的 4) –ous：名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~，表示“具有……性質(zhì)的”。例如： dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；humorous幽默的 5) –er/-or動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槊~，表示“……的人/物”。例如： player選手；writer作家；driver駕駛員 8. waste （1）用作動(dòng)詞，表示“浪費(fèi)”，用于 waste time (money) on/over sth，表示“在……方面浪費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）”。例如： I don’t think we need waste much time on this. 我想我們不必在這上面浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。 Don’t waste any more time over it. 不要再在這上面浪費(fèi)時(shí)間了。 (2) 用于 waste time (money) (in, on) doing sth, 表示“浪費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事”。例如： She wasted her time and money (on) paying bribes. 她將時(shí)間和金錢浪費(fèi)于賄賂。 We wasted a whole afternoon (in) trying to repair the car. 我們浪費(fèi)了整整一下午的時(shí)間想把汽車修理好。 （3）waste 之后也可接除 time, money 之外的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。例如： Don’t waste your efforts on helping him. 不要白費(fèi)力氣去幫他。 I’m not going to waste any more words on the subject. 我不想在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上多費(fèi)唇舌了。 詞匯精練 I. 寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)的新詞。(op.表示反義詞) 1. final (adv.) _____________ 2. surprise(adj.) _____________ 3. hope(adj.) _____________ 4. polite(op.) _____________ 5. like (op.) _____________ 6. agree(op.) _____________ 7. useful (op.) _____________ 8. comfortable(op.) ___________ II. 英漢詞組互譯。 1. 扔掉________________ 2. 對(duì)……有好處________________ 3. such as________________ 4. 請(qǐng)求（幫助）_________________ 5. be worried about ______________ 6. 盡可能……________________ 7. divide into______________ 8. 把……變成 _________________ III. 根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列單詞。 1. Don’t w__________ too much time playing computer games or watching TV. 2. Coins were s_________ all over the floor. 3. We can pick up the waste paper for r___________. 4. To save some e_____________, we must do everything we can in our daily life. 5. Something must be done to stop the factories p___________ the air. 6. Even the simplest everyday activities can ____________(減少) pollution. 7. I think it’s ___________(必要的) for us to master a foreign language. 8. My computer doesn’t work. I have to get somebody to ____________(修理) it. 9. We should ____________(關(guān)心) for our parents. It’s the right thing for us to do. 10. They are _________(打架) over something. IV. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. We are _________(raise) money to the poor children. 2. Though he is very young, he can still do something __________(help). 3. It’s better to collect __________(reuse) waste. 4. Waste gas is ___________(harm) to the environment. 5. Try ___________(call) him. Maybe he is at home now. 6. She likes working in the field instead of ___________(stay) at home. 7. It was such a ___________(wonder) movie that all of us enjoyed seeing it. 8. Teachers told us to listen to them ____________(careful) in class. 9. Our life becomes more convenient with these useful and famous ___________(invent). 10. It is her daughter’s ___________(ill) that made her worried day and night. 參考答案 I. 寫(xiě)出相應(yīng)的新詞。(op.表示反義詞) 1. finally 2. surprising/ surprised 3. hopeful/hopeless 4. impolite 5. dislike 6. disagree 7. useless 8. uncomfortable II. 英漢詞組互譯。 1. throw away 2.be good for 3. 諸如，例如 4. ask for（the help） 5.擔(dān)心 6.as…as possible 7. 把……分成 8. change…into III. 根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列單詞。 1. waste 2. spread 3. recycling 4. energy 5. polluting 6. reduce 7. necessary 8. repair 9. care 10. fighting IV. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. raising 2. to help/helpful 3. reusable 4. harmful 5. calling 6. staying 7. wonderful 8. carefully 9. inventions 10. illness 句式精講 1. …when shopping and not ask for a plastic bag? ask for sth.“請(qǐng)求某事，要某物”，相當(dāng)于want sth.。 ask sb. for sth.“向某人要某物或請(qǐng)求幫助”。例如： Please ask for help if you have some problems. 如果你有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)尋求幫助。 If you don’t find the way to the school, please ask a policeman for help. 如果你找不到去學(xué)校的路，請(qǐng)向警察求助。 【拓展】 (1) ask sb. sth. 表示“問(wèn)某人某事”。例如： Can I ask you some questions? 我能問(wèn)你一些問(wèn)題嗎？ (2) ask sb. to do sth.“讓某人做某事”，其否定形式為ask sb. not to do sth.“讓某人不要做某事”。例如： I often ask him to help me with my housework. 我經(jīng)常讓他幫助我做家務(wù)。 My mother asked me not to read in the sun.　媽媽讓我不要在太陽(yáng)下看書(shū)。 (3) ask sb. about sth.意為“詢問(wèn)某人有關(guān)某事；向某人打聽(tīng)某事”。例如： My father often calls me up and asks me about my study. 爸爸經(jīng)常給我打電話，詢問(wèn)我的學(xué)習(xí)情況。 2. Use things for as long as possible. as long as possible意為“（時(shí)間）盡可能長(zhǎng)”，as … as possible 意為“盡可能的……”。as …as 中間是形容詞或者副詞的原級(jí)。例如： 　　I hope my marks would be as high as possible. 我希望我的分?jǐn)?shù)盡可能地高。 　　He picked as many apples as possible in the apple garden. 他在果園摘了盡可能多的蘋(píng)果。 3….use china cups and cloth bags because they can be used many times. （1）because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。例如： The work can be finished in two days. 這件工作可以在兩天后完成。 （2）它的否定形式是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的后面加not。例如： Smoking can’t be allowed in the classroom. 吸煙在教室里是不被允許的。 （3）一般疑問(wèn)句是把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句子開(kāi)頭。例如： Can your work be finished today? 你的工作今天能完成嗎？ 4. We cannot hope for rapid change，but… but是連詞，意為“但是”，和and, or等一樣，可以用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列句。but連接兩個(gè)并列句時(shí)，表示前后意義的轉(zhuǎn)折；此時(shí)，but的前面要有逗號(hào)。例如： I’m tidy, but she isn’t. 我很整潔，但是她不是。 【拓展】 (1)作連詞，意為“但是，可是”。 例如： English may be hard, but it is the most important of all. 英語(yǔ)雖然很難，但卻是最重要的。 【注意】 but 不能與although或though 連用,因?yàn)樗鼈兪沁B詞,故不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在句子中。例如： 雖然他是個(gè)孩子，但是卻懂得很多。 Although he is only a child, but he knows a lot. () Although he is only a child, he knows a lot.(√) He is only a child, but he knows a lot.(√) (2) 由but 構(gòu)成的幾個(gè)常用結(jié)構(gòu)： not…but 表示“不是……而是……”。例如： I meant not he but you should pay attention to pronunciation. 我說(shuō)不是他而是你要注意發(fā)音。 not only…but also表示“不但……而且……”。該結(jié)構(gòu)可以并列任何兩個(gè)句子成分，在并列兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與就近的主語(yǔ)一致。例如： Not only he but also I am interested in pop music. 不但他而且我也對(duì)流行歌曲感興趣。 5. It takes energy to change something into something else. （1）take意為“消耗，用掉(時(shí)間、體力、金錢、燃料等)”， 常以it 作形式主語(yǔ)。例如： It only takes ten minutes to walk there. 走到那里只要十分鐘。 Don’t take too long over it. 別在這上頭花太多時(shí)間。 （2）“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”意為“花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做某事”。例如： It took me two days to do the work. =The work took me two days. 做這工作花了我兩天時(shí)間. It takes me one hour to play basketball every day. 我每天花費(fèi)一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間打籃球。 【注意】 在“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型中，take后面的sb.如果是代詞，要用代詞的賓格形式，sb.有時(shí)可以省略不寫(xiě)。例如: It takes two hours to fly to Shanghai. 飛到上海需要兩個(gè)小時(shí)。 句式精練 I. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。 1. It is not possible to clean up the river in two days. ________ _____________ to clean up the river in two days. 2. It is full of hope for the team to win the match. It __________ ____________ for the team to win the match. 3. You know the paper can be used again. You know the paper can _____________ _____________. 4. We call hope that the project will be a success. We all hope that the project will _____________ _____________. 5. Drinking polluted water is not healthy. Drinking polluted water _____________ _____________. II. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子，每空一詞。 1. 記住要及時(shí)關(guān)燈以便盡可能地少用能源。 Remember to _________ __________ lights in time so that you use as little energy________ ________. 2. 扔掉玻璃和紙是浪費(fèi)的。 It is wasteful _________ _________ _________ glass and paper. 3. 應(yīng)該阻止人們砍伐樹(shù)木。 People should be _____________ _____________ _____________ down the trees. 4. 雖然我們年級(jí)小，我們?nèi)阅転楸Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境做一些事情。 __________ we are young, we can still __________ ___________to protect the environment. 5. 保護(hù)環(huán)境和發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)同樣重要。 Protecting environment is _________ __________ _________ developing economy. 6. 如果你不做一些事情來(lái)拯救我們的世界，那么我們的未來(lái)將會(huì)是沒(méi)有希望的。 If you don’t do anything ___________ __________ our world, our future will be __________. 7. 走到學(xué)校對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是不尋常的。 It’s _________ for you __________ __________ _________ __________. 8. 乘公交車去那兒花了我五分鐘。 It_________ me five minutes ________ _________there by bus?！? III. 單句改錯(cuò)( 每句只有一處) 。 1. I love reading. I’m a great read. ____________________________________________________________ 2. We should stop the factories from pollute the river. ____________________________________________________________ 3. Do you agree to me? ____________________________________________________________ 4. Be care! There are so many cars on the road. ____________________________________________________________ 5. It’s cold outside. Let’s keep all the windows close. ____________________________________________________________ 6. I hope you to get here on time. ____________________________________________________________ IV. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。 根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，將方框內(nèi)符合對(duì)話語(yǔ)境的句子抄寫(xiě)在對(duì)話空白處，使對(duì)話恢復(fù)完整，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余的。 A: Where did you go last weekend? B: 1 . A: But you told me you wouldn’t go there. You said it was dirty. 2 B: Er, you know, I didn’t want to go there first. But most of my friends went, so I went with them. A: I see. 3 B: I told the old people something interesting around us. A: 4 B: I had fun and felt happy. A: 5 Next time, I’ll go with you. That’s great. How did you feel? Who did you go with? What did you do there? Thank you. I went to the old people’s home. Why did you go there then? 參考答案 I.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。 1. It’s impossible 2. is hopeful 3. be reused 4. be successful 5. is unhealthy II.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子，每空一詞。 1. turn off; as possible 2. to throw away 3. prevented/ stopped/kept from cutting 4. Though/Although; do something 5. as important as 6. to save; hopeless 7. unusual; to walk to school 8. took; to get III.單句改錯(cuò)( 每句只有一處)。 1. I love reading. I’m a great reader. 2. We should stop the factories from polluting the river. 3. Do you agree with me? 4. Be careful! There are so many cars on the road. 5. It’s cold outside. Let’s keep all the windows closed. 6. I hope you can get here on time. IV. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。 1. I went to the old people’s home. 2. Why did you go there then? 3. What did you do there? 4. How did you feel? 5. That’s great.