2019年高考英語一輪抓綱務(wù)本 模塊5 Unit 2 The environment（含解析）牛津譯林版.doc

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Unit 2 The environment 一、閱讀理解。 Have you ever been given something you dont like or that doesnt fit，but you dont want to hurt the feelings of the person who thinks about you？Youre not alone.Everyone has received an unwanted gift at least once in his or her life.That doesnt mean the item is bad or useless.It simply means that it doesnt work for you. If you find yourself with something nice but that doesnt fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it.Before you do that，make sure you understand the manners of this practice that is more and more mon as people find it difficult to make ends meet to a great extent. There are specific things you should do to an item.Failure to do any of them may create an awkward situation.You never have to lie about what you are doing，but you dont want to be in the position of having to explain anything.For example，remove the original wrapping paper and rewrap it in your own way；make sure the box is in good condition so the item doesnt appear used；check the item and make sure there are no cards or names on the packaging；inspect the item and make sure it is in excellent condition. When you get ready for regifting，consider having a white_elephant gift exchange for your next celebration.This removes all the embarrassment of being caught regifting because thats the whole purpose of the event.In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list. 1．Why does the author begin the passage with a question? A．To share a hot phenomenon. B．To introduce the following part. C．To ask for readers answers. D．To point out a mon opinion. 2．What most contributes to the growing regifting? A．Peoples lack of money. B．Peoples dislike of the gifts. C．Peoples reduced desire for gifts. D．Peoples understanding of its manners. 3．Whats mainly talked about in Paragraph 3? A．What to do before regifting. B．How to make use of unwanted gifts. C．What kind of gifts to be regifted. D．Why regifting can cause embarrassment. 4．What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean? A．Suitable but valueless. B．Expensive and useful. C．Packaged and invaluable. D．Nice but unsuitable. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本篇文章是說明文，講述怎樣轉(zhuǎn)送不喜歡或者不太適合自己的禮物。 【難句分析】In order to prevent hurting feelings，provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything given by the people on that list. 分析：這是一個復(fù)雜的簡單句。In order to prevent hurting feelings是目的狀語；過去分詞短語given by the people on that list作anything的后置定語；provide everyone with a guest list and ask them not to bring anything是由and連接的兩個并列祈使句。 譯文：為了防止傷害感情，(你)可以向每位客人提供一張賓客名單，且要求他們不要帶任何名單上的人已經(jīng)送過的禮物。 1．B　考查推理判斷。第一段點出了文章主旨，首句采用設(shè)問句是為了引出全文的話題“Everyone has received an unwanted gift...It simply means that it doesnt work for you”，從而引出下文，所以選B。 2．A　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“this practice that is more and more mon as people find it difficult to make ends meet to a great extent”可知，轉(zhuǎn)送禮物變得越來越常見是因為人們發(fā)現(xiàn)在很大程度上實現(xiàn)收支平衡很難，故選項A“人們?nèi)卞X”正確。 3．A　考查段落大意。通讀第三段可知，該段首句為段落中心句，指出對于一件將被轉(zhuǎn)送的禮物你有幾件具體事情要做，故選項A“在轉(zhuǎn)送禮物之前該做什么”與中心句意思最接近，所以選A。B項意為“怎么充分利用不想要的禮物”；C項意為“什么類型的禮物可以轉(zhuǎn)送”；D項意為“為什么轉(zhuǎn)送禮物可能引起尷尬”。這三個選項與該段主題不符，故排除。 4．D　考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段首句“If you find yourself with something nice but that doesnt fit into your lifestyle，consider regifting it”并結(jié)合第三段內(nèi)容可知，要轉(zhuǎn)送的禮物應(yīng)是很好的但不適合自己的，所以D選項正確。white elephant意為“昂貴而無用之物”。 二、單項填空 1.After a long _______, the bill was passed by the House of the mons. A. argue B. debate C. discuss D. quarrel 【答案】B 【解析】 argue 爭論， 爭吵， 討論； debate(正式的)辯論， 討論， 常以表決結(jié)束； discussion 討論， 議論； quarrel 爭吵。debate 指在公眾集會或會議上的辯論或討論，通常以表決的方式結(jié)束。句意：經(jīng)過長時間 的辯論，那項議案被下議院通過了。 2.It is my _______ to check that all doors and windows are locked after everybody leaves . A. doubt B. poster C. responsibility D. evidence 【答案】C 【解析】doubt 懷疑；poster 海報；responsibility 責(zé)任；evidence 證據(jù)。句意：在大家都離開后，我們有責(zé) 任檢查門窗有沒有鎖好。 3.Surely there is a better way to manage the _______ that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife. A. concepts B. conflicts C. consequences D. credits 【答案】B 【解析】concepts 概念；conflicts 沖突；consequences 后果，結(jié)果；credits 信譽(yù)，信用，[金融]貸款，榮譽(yù)， 學(xué)分。句意：當(dāng)然，當(dāng)人類帶著他們的家畜，搬到長久以來一直屬于野生動物棲息地后所產(chǎn)生的 沖突，應(yīng)該有更好的方法去解決。 4.I realized strength and courage aren’t always _______ in medals and victories, but in the efforts we make. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased 【答案】A 【解析】be measured in 用……來衡量。句意：我意識到力量與勇氣并不總是以獎牌和勝利來衡量的，而是 用我們付出的努力來衡量的。故選 A。 5.This factory produced much dirty water, which resulted in a wide _______ of environmental problems. A. branch B. range C. species D. wave 【答案】B 【解析】branch 部門；range 范圍；species 物種；wave 波浪。a range of 一系列。句意：這家工廠產(chǎn)生了大 量的污水，導(dǎo)致了一系列的環(huán)境問題。 6.I appreciate _______ the opportunity to work in your pany two years ago. A. giving B. to give C. being given D. to be given 【答案】C 【解析】句意：兩年前得到在你的公司工作的機(jī)會，我對此非常感激。appreciate 表示“感激”，其后通常 接動名詞作賓語，而且動詞 give 與其邏輯主語為被動關(guān)系。 7.In recent years, in many Western countries, _______ in the USA and the UK, Halloween has bee a special occasion. A. in general B. in brief C. in short D. in particular 【答案】D 【解析】句意：近年來，在許多西方國家，尤其是在美國和英國，萬圣節(jié)前夕已經(jīng)成為一種特殊的場合。 in general 總的說來，通常；in brief 簡言之；in short 總之，簡而言之；in particular 尤其，特別。 8.Water can _______ and release a lot of heat without big changes in temperature ， thus creating a stable environment. A. take B. absorb C. adapt D. adopt 【答案】B 【解析】take 帶走；absorb 吸收；adapt 適應(yīng)；adopt 采用。句意：水可以吸收和釋放大量的熱量而不發(fā)生 大的溫度變化，從而創(chuàng)造一個穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。 9.Now not only are many businessmen willing to cut back on the production of vehicles，but the public also reduce the use of cars. A. cut off B. cut down C. cut up D. cut back on 【答案】D 【解析】cut off 切斷；cut down 砍倒；cut up 切碎；cut back on 削減。句意：現(xiàn)在不僅很多商業(yè)界人士樂意 減少車輛的產(chǎn)量，公眾也減少汽車的使用。 10.The people in the war area have _______ food. They are in a very difficult situation. A. run out B. used up C. been run out of D. been used up 【答案】B 【解析】run out 用完，耗盡；use up 用完，耗盡；因為這里是人做主語，所以用完某物不用被動語態(tài)；use up sth.=run out of sth：某人用完某物。故選 B 項。句意：戰(zhàn)區(qū)的人們已經(jīng)用完了食物，他們的處 境很難。 11.There were so many people in the hall then that I could hardly _______ my sister. A. bring out B. turn out C. pick out D. call out 【答案】C 【解析】bring out 使……顯露；turn out 結(jié)果是；pick out 辨認(rèn)；call out 大聲叫喊。句意：當(dāng)時大廳里有那 么多的人，我?guī)缀醴洲q不出誰是我的妹妹了。 12.Smiling, more often than not, is a good way to avoid any possible _______ in our daily life. A. explanation B. debate C. fault D. conflict 【答案】D 【解析】explanation 解釋；debate 辯論；fault 錯誤；conflict 沖突。句意：在我們的日常生活中，微笑通常 是一種能避免任何可能的沖突的好方式。 13.According to the World Health Organization, air pollution is _______ millions of deaths every year. A. original from B. suitable for C. accessible to D. responsible for 【答案】D 【解析】original from 來源于；suitable for 適用于；accessible to 可接近的；responsible for 為……負(fù)責(zé)，形 成……的原因。句意：根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的調(diào)查，空氣污染每年會導(dǎo)致數(shù)百萬人的死亡。 14.The slow economic growth over the past two years seems to have worsened the situation for migrant workers and increased employee-employer conflicts _______ payment of salaries. A. with B. for C. to D. over 【答案】D 【解析】conflict over sth.關(guān)于……的沖突。句意：過去兩年緩慢的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度似乎已經(jīng)惡化了民工的處 境，同時也增加了勞資雙方薪酬支付方面的沖突。 15.He sold me the car at a cheap price and gave away the radio _______. A. for a change B. for my part C. for good measure D. for a song 【答案】C 【解祈】for good measure 附加的，額外的，符合句意；for a change 為了改變一下，為了換個口味；for my part 就我而言；for a song 廉價。句意：他廉價將車賣給我，而且額外贈送了這臺收音機(jī)。 16.—What is the cost of the MP5 here? —Well, the prices _______ from $ 100 to $ 500. A. increase B. range C. reach D. different 【答案】B 【解析】答句句意：價格在 100 美元到 500 美元之間。range from...to...在……和……之間變化，符合題意。 17.Few things feel better than receiving sincere praise and _______ from someone else, for it can give you a strong sense of achievement and build up your confidence. A. appreciation B. criticism C. permission D. response 【答案】A 【解析】appreciation 欣賞，感激；criticism 批評；permission 許可；response 回應(yīng)。句意：很少有比受到 別人表揚和欣賞感覺更好的事情了。因為這可以給你到來強(qiáng)烈的成就感并可以建立你的信心。 18.You’d better learn more about table manners, because the British are rather _______ about it. A. responsible B. casual C. particular D. upset 【答案】C 【解析】responsible 負(fù)責(zé)的；casual 隨意的；particular 特別的，挑剔的，詳細(xì)的；upset 沮喪的。句意：你 最好多學(xué)點餐桌禮儀，因為英國人對此尤為講究。be particular about 對……很認(rèn)真/講究。 三、完形填空。 My mother was a gift giver. The occasion never 1 —Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all. She was always thinking about who might 2 what. Creativity and 3 went into the gifts she gave, and she 4 a thankyou note. Once she sent out notes to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gifts, 5 that they were now on her “Fecal Roster(黑名單)” and would not be removed 6 she had received a proper thank you. Even if you didn’t 7 a thank you, she’d give you another gift the next 8 she had.She figured 9 manners were your problem, not hers. Every time Mom and Dad 10 to visit, all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage. There was always something for the kids, 11 a couple of little toys or a big 12 of homemade cookies. They weren’t gifts for particular occasions. They were 13 “Isn’t life great？” gifts. One spring when they came to visit, she handed me a 14 bag. Inside was a painting that 15 ：“A Special Daughter. You’ve 16 laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts. The most precious things we can 17 for you are the things you have given us... 18 and Love.” Mom was a 19 gift giver, but the best gifts we will always remember were her love for 20 and her love for us. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者的母親喜歡給別人贈送禮物來表達(dá)自己的愛意。她用自己的行動表達(dá)了愛，傳播了生活的美好。 1．A.mattered　　　　　　　　 B．occurred C．varied D．a(chǎn)rose A　解析：根據(jù)空后的“Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知，母親的給予是不分場合的，即給予的場合不重要。故A項符合語境。 2．A.wonder　　　　　　　　　 B．praise C．enjoy D．a(chǎn)pprove C　解析：根據(jù)該句“She was always thinking about who might what”并結(jié)合常識可知，送禮物要根據(jù)別人的喜好，所以作者的母親會想別人喜歡什么。故選C項。 3．A.thoughtfulness B．sympathy C．justice D．a(chǎn)uthority A　解析：根據(jù)“She was always thinking about who might what”和空前的“Creativity”可知，作者的母親經(jīng)常思考，所送的禮物既要有新意又要很體貼。thoughtfulness 意為“體貼，關(guān)切”；sympathy 意為“同情”；justice 意為“公平”；authority意為“權(quán)威”。故選A項。 4．A.ignored B．a(chǎn)ppreciated C．promised D．resisted B　解析：根據(jù)第一段的第一句可知，作者的母親是一個給予者；結(jié)合該句中的“Creativity and went into the gifts she gave, and she a thankyou note”可知，她很欣賞感謝便條。故B項正確。 5．A.assuming B．a(chǎn)busing C．stating D．correcting C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Once she sent out notes to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gifts， that they were now on her ‘Fecal Roster(黑名單)’”可知，有一次她給收到禮物卻沒有表達(dá)感謝的孩子和孫子(女)發(fā)了紙條，紙條上說他們現(xiàn)在在她的“黑名單”上。assume 意為“假設(shè)”；abuse意為“濫用”；state意為“陳述，說明”；correct意為“糾正”。故選C項。 6．A.once B．a(chǎn)fter C．when D．until D　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“she had received a proper thank you”并結(jié)合上文可知，母親不會將孩子們(的名字)從“黑名單”上刪除，直到她收到一句謝謝。故選D項。 7．A.send B．purchase C．conduct D．obtain A　解析：根據(jù)上文可知，作者的母親送禮物的時候，希望得到一句謝謝。send意為“發(fā)送”；purchase意為“購買”；conduct意為“進(jìn)行”；obtain意為“獲得”。故選A項。 8．A.moment B．chance C．festival D．holiday B　解析：根據(jù)第一段中的第二句中的“Christmas, birthdays, anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知，不只是在節(jié)假日，母親在很多情況下都會準(zhǔn)備禮物；結(jié)合該句中的“she’d give you another gift the next she had”可知，她會在下一次有機(jī)會時贈給你另一件禮物。B項意為“機(jī)會”，符合語境。 9．A.mistaken B．bad C．silly D．ridiculous B　解析：她認(rèn)為沒有禮貌是你的問題，而不是她的問題。得到禮物不回謝應(yīng)該是沒有禮貌的行為，故B項符合語境。 10．A.walked by B．wandered around C．drove over D．rode away C　解析：根據(jù)空后的“all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage”可知，作者的父母是開車過去的。drive over意為“驅(qū)車前來”，符合語境，故選C項。 11．A.often B．a(chǎn)lways C．never D．seldom A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“There was always something for the kids”及下文可知，他們總是給孩子們帶一些東西，通常是一些小玩具或者是自制的餅干。故選A項。 12．A.tank B．cage C．container D．holder C　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“a couple of little toys or a big of homemade cookies”及常識可知，餅干是放在盒子之類的容器(container)里的。tank 意為“(貯放液體或氣體的)箱”，cage意為“籠子”，holder 意為“持有者”，均不符合語境。故選C項。 13．A.fairly B．a(chǎn)pparently C．especially D．simply D　解析：根據(jù)該句和前一句“They weren’t gifts for particular occasions.”可知，它們不是為特殊場合而準(zhǔn)備的禮物，只是(simply)關(guān)于“難道生活不美好嗎？”的禮物。“Isn’t life great？” gifts 可以理解為“彰顯生活美好的禮物”。故選D項。 14．A.cookie B．toy C．hand D．gift D　解析：一個春天，當(dāng)作者的父母來拜訪時，母親遞給作者一個禮物包。結(jié)合第一段中的“My mother was a gift giver.”可知，這里指“禮物包”。故選D項。 15．A.read B．told C．wrote D．a(chǎn)ppeared A　解析：根據(jù)空后的“A Special Daughter. You’ve...and Love.”并結(jié)合該句可知，禮物包里面是一幅畫，畫上寫著下文中的幾句話。read“寫著”，符合語境。 16．A.showed B．a(chǎn)warded C．devoted D．brought D　解析：此處表示，你為我們的生活帶來歡笑和快樂，對我們的愛如此之深。由常識可知，此處表示孩子為父母帶來歡聲笑語。故選D項。 17．A.apply B．wish C．remend D．a(chǎn)sk B　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“The most precious things we can for you are the things you have given us”可知，父母希望子女得到的是子女給予他們的，即歡聲笑語和愛。故選B項。 18．A.Assistance B．Privilege C．Happiness D．Satisfaction C　解析：根據(jù)上文中的“You’ve laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.”及空后的“Love”并結(jié)合選項可知，孩子可以為父母帶來幸福和愛。assistance意為“援助”；privilege意為“特權(quán)”；happiness意為“幸福”；satisfaction意為“滿意”。故選C項。 19．A.extreme B．serious C．grand D．great D　解析：根據(jù)本文第一句“My mother was a gift giver.”并結(jié)合上下文可知，母親是一個極好的禮物贈送者。故選D項。 20．A.life B．kids C．families D．gifts A　解析：根據(jù)該句中的“but the best gifts we will always remember were her love for and her love for us”可知，此處表示我們永遠(yuǎn)記得她給的最好的禮物是她對生活的熱愛和她對我們的愛。從文中作者母親的行為可以看出作者的母親對生活的熱愛。故A項符合語境。 四、短文改錯。 Nowadays many people drive instead of taking a bus or walking to work. It causes more traffic jam and accidents. As the student, what can we do to guarantee our safe? First of all, the traffic rules must be strict obeyed. When we cross streets, wait until the traffic light turn green. Next, don’t forget walk on the pavement. Finally, I think it very dangerously to wear headphones while walking or cycling. Since we can’t pay enough attention on the traffic around us, so accidents may happen. Taking good care of ourselves and don’t let our parents worry about us. 答案： Nowadays many people drive instead of taking a bus or walking to work. It causes more traffic and accidents. As student, what can we do to guarantee our ？ First of all, the traffic rules must be obeyed. When we cross streets, wait until the traffic light green. Next, don’t forget walk on the pavement. Finally, I think it very to wear headphones while walking or cycling. Since we can’t pay enough attention the traffic around us, accidents may happen. good care of ourselves and don’t let our parents worry about us.