2019-2020年高三英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式教案.doc

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2019-2020年高三英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式教案 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：動(dòng)詞不定式 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 動(dòng)詞不定式的高考考點(diǎn)———時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 動(dòng)詞不定式的高考難點(diǎn)———主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式&動(dòng)名詞&分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞），.即動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)外,可以承擔(dān)句子的任何成分 (一) 動(dòng)詞不定式：（to）+do，具有名詞、形容詞、副詞的特征. 否定式：not + (to) do 主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式 一般式 （not） to make （not） to be made 完成式 （not） to have made （not） to have been made 進(jìn)行式 （not） to be making 語(yǔ)態(tài) 如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如： I wish to be sent to work in the country.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)和I是被動(dòng)關(guān)系） Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?（不定式作定語(yǔ)和car是被動(dòng)關(guān)系） I hope to see you again.（不定式是賓語(yǔ)和I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系） 時(shí)態(tài) （1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后. Im glad to meet you. We plan to pay a visit. He wants to be an artist. （2）進(jìn)行式：不定式的進(jìn)行式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，例如： 　The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. （3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前，例如： I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. 2．不定式的句法功能： （1）作主語(yǔ)： To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. To lose your heart means failure. 動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)不定式置于句后，例如上面兩句可用如下形式： 　　　　 常用句式有：1、It+be+名詞+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容詞+of sb +to do 4、It+be+形容詞+for sb.+to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的形容詞，不定式前的sb.可作其邏輯主語(yǔ)。這時(shí)用of sb. （2）作表語(yǔ)： Her job is to clean the hall. （3）作賓語(yǔ)： 常與不定式做賓語(yǔ)連用的動(dòng)詞有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（賓語(yǔ)）后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)（不定式）后置，放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面，有此類(lèi)用法的動(dòng)詞為make/find/feel/think/consider例如： Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 動(dòng)詞不定式也可充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，如： I have no choice but to stay here. He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 動(dòng)詞不定式前有時(shí)可與疑問(wèn)詞連用，如： He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： 在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式可充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如下動(dòng)詞常跟這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 此外，介詞有時(shí)也與這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)連用，如： With a lot of work to do, he didnt go to the cinema． 有些動(dòng)詞如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等與不帶有to的不定式連用，但改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要加to, 如： I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. （5）作定語(yǔ)：（表將來(lái)） 不定式作定語(yǔ)，應(yīng)注意兩種關(guān)系： 1）動(dòng)賓關(guān)系： He has a lot of meeting to attend . Please lend me something to write with . He is looking for a room to live in . 2）主謂關(guān)系： She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting . —I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 邏輯主語(yǔ)是I ) —Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now ( 邏輯主語(yǔ)不是I ) （6）作狀語(yǔ)： ①表目的： He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 注意不定式放句首時(shí)，邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)要一致： wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. right：To save money, he has tried every means. 　②表結(jié)果： He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)： I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因： They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度： The question is simple for him to answer. （7）作獨(dú)立成分： To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked. 作業(yè)布置：背誦經(jīng)典例句 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 動(dòng)詞不定式 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 動(dòng)詞不定式的省略現(xiàn)象 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 不定式的省略： 動(dòng)詞不定式中的省略現(xiàn)象可分為兩種情況，一是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后的動(dòng)詞部分的省略；二是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的省略。 一、省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后的動(dòng)詞部分的情況 1.一些表示心理活動(dòng)、情感態(tài)度的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，如expect \want \hope \wish \love \hate \decide \plan \mean \try \would like \be ready \be afraid \be glad等后，動(dòng)詞不定式省略to后面的動(dòng)詞部分，但保留to。例如： (2)—Will you go with me ? —Well ,I d like to. (3)—Will you go home tomorrow? —No.I m going to a lecture，or at least I am planning to. 2.不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，省略to后的動(dòng)詞部分，即用to代替整個(gè)不定式。例如： (1)The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street? but his mot her told him not to. 3.在一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞ought to \have to \used to \be able to后。例如： (1) —Must I go now? —No. You don t have to. 　二、省略動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to的情況 1.動(dòng)詞不定式作感官動(dòng)詞feel \see \notice \watch \find \hear \listen to \observe和使役動(dòng)詞have \make \let等的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to省略。如果這些動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其后的動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to不能省略(但let除外)。例如： (1)We often hear him sing the song at home . (＝He is often heard to sing the song at home.) 　 (2)They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood. (＝They knew her very well. She was seen to grow up from childhood.) 3. .在why或why not引起的表示建議或責(zé)問(wèn)的省略問(wèn)句中。例如： (1)Why get so excited? (3)Why not join us, Tom? 4.關(guān)于動(dòng)詞help后接動(dòng)詞不定式的問(wèn)題：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，help后既可接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，也可接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式(在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)及非正式文體中多見(jiàn)不帶to)。例如： (1)Would you like to help me(to)carry the luggage? 3.but后接動(dòng)詞不定式的情況：如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式，那么這些介詞后的不定式不帶to，反之則要帶to。例如： (1)She could do nothing but cry . (2)He has no choice but to leave. 針對(duì)性練習(xí)：I. 單項(xiàng)填空： 1. Though he had often made his little sister _______, today he was made ______by his little sister. A. cry；to cry　　 B. crying；crying 　　C. cry；cry　　　　D. to cry；cry 2. She pretended _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see　　　 B. not seeing 　C. to not see　　 D. having not seen 3. Little Jim should love _______ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken　　 B. to take 　　C. being taken　　 D. taking 4. I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go 　　B. to have gone 　　C. going 　　D. having gone 5. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job. A. so not as to 　　 B. so as not to C. so as to not 　　D. not so as to 6. Charles Babbage is generally considered ________ the first puter. A. to invent　　B. inventing　　C. to have invented　　 D. having invented 7. He said he would rather not _______ it right now. A. doing B. to do C. do D. to be doing 8. Rather than _______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______ a bicycle. A. ride； ride 　B. riding； ride　C. ride； to ride　　D. to ride； riding 9. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very fortable to _______. A. sit 　　B. sit on 　　C. be sit 　　D. be sat on 10. I’m hungry. Get me something _________. A. eat 　B. to eat 　C. eating 　D. for eating 11. — I usually go there by train. — Why not _______ by boat for a change? A. to try going 　 B. trying to go　　C. to try and go 　D. try going 12. They won’t let their teacher _______ in that way. A. to be treated　　 B. being treated　　C. treated　　 D. be treated 13. The problem _______ at tomorrow’s meeting is a very difficult one. A. being discussed　 B. discussed　　C. to be discussed　　 D. to discuss 14. He reached the station _____ only _____ that the train had just left. A. tired learned　　B. tiring；learning C. to tire；to learn　 D. tired；to learn 15. — Did that book give the information you needed? —Yes, but ______, we had to read it almost entirely. A. for finding it　　 B. to find it　　 C. finding it 　　　　　　D. by finding it 作業(yè)布置：改錯(cuò) 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：動(dòng)名詞 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 動(dòng)名詞的高考考點(diǎn)———時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 動(dòng)名詞的高考難點(diǎn)———?jiǎng)用~復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)名詞：動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的一些特征，又具有名詞的句法功能。 1．動(dòng)名詞的形式： Ving 　否定式：not + 動(dòng)名詞 主動(dòng)形式 被動(dòng)形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 語(yǔ)態(tài)：He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀請(qǐng)就來(lái)到了晚會(huì)。 　　　He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. Would you mind opening the door?　 時(shí)態(tài)：一般式：同時(shí)發(fā)生 Seeing is believing. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。 完成式：已經(jīng)發(fā)生 We remembered having seen the film. 我們記得看過(guò)這部電影。 否定式：not + 動(dòng)名詞 regret not following his advice. 我后悔沒(méi)聽(tīng)他的勸告。 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：物主代詞（或名詞所有格）+ 動(dòng)名詞 做主語(yǔ) His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英語(yǔ)給他帶來(lái)許多麻煩。 Jane’s not having received proper training was to her disadvantage. 做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)還可用 代詞的賓格（名詞）+動(dòng)名詞 I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 感謝你為我花了這么多時(shí)間。 I appreciate you giving me so much of your time. I don’t remember my mother’s plaining about it. 我不記得我母親抱怨過(guò)這事?！　　　? I don’t remember my mother plaining about it. 2．動(dòng)名詞的句法功能： （1）作主語(yǔ)： Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗讀是很有好處的。 Collecting stamps is interesting. 集郵很有趣。 當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。 Its no use quarrelling.爭(zhēng)吵是沒(méi)用的。 （2）作表語(yǔ)： In the ant city, the queens job is laying eggs.在螞蟻王國(guó)，蟻后的工作是產(chǎn)卵。 （3）作賓語(yǔ)： They havent finished building the dam. 他們還沒(méi)有建好大壩。 注意動(dòng)名詞既可作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)也可作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如上面兩個(gè)例句。此外，動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，若跟有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，則常用形式賓語(yǔ)it，例如： We found it no good making fun of others. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑他人不好。 要記住如下動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)： enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承認(rèn)），deny（否認(rèn)）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒險(xiǎn)）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like 動(dòng)詞不定式與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別與聯(lián)系 部分動(dòng)詞后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，意義差別較大，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境選擇使用。 1 forget doing/to do forget to do　忘記要去做某事(未做) forget doing　忘記做過(guò)某事(已做) The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關(guān)了。(沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了?！? 已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作) 2. remember doing/to do remember to do 記得去做某事(未做) remember doing　記得做過(guò)某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。 Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎? 3.regret doing/to do regret to do　對(duì)要做的事遺憾(未做)regret doing對(duì)做過(guò)的事遺憾、后悔(已做) I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遺憾必須這樣去做，我實(shí)在沒(méi)有辦法。 I dont regret telling her what I thought.我不為告訴她我的想法而后悔。 練習(xí)—You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. —Well, now I regret ___ that. A. to do　B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 4. stop doing/to do stop to do　停止，中斷做某事后去做另一件事。stop doing　停止做某事。 They stop to smoke a cigarette.　 他們停下來(lái)，抽了根煙。 I must stop smoking..　　　　　 我必須戒煙了。 5. go on doing/to do go on to do　做了一件事后，接著做另一件事。go on doing　繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事。 After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完數(shù)學(xué)后，他接著去做物理。 Go on doing the exercise after having a short rest 6 try doing/to do try to do　　努力，企圖做某事。 try doing　 試驗(yàn)，試著做某事。 You must try to be more careful. 　 你可要多加小心。 I tried gardening but didnt succeed. 我試著種果木花卉，但未成功。 7 mean to doing/to do mean to do　 打算、想 mean doing　意味著 I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.我想去，但是我父親不肯讓我去。 To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.贈(zèng)加工資意味著增加購(gòu)買(mǎi)力。 8 感官動(dòng)詞 + doing/ do 感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do　 表示動(dòng)作的完整性， +doing 表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里干活了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)"我看見(jiàn)了"這個(gè)事實(shí)) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見(jiàn)他正干活"這個(gè)動(dòng)作）昨天我見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。 練習(xí)1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.　 A. grow　 B. grew　 C. was growing　 D. to grow 2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 　 .針對(duì)性練習(xí)： 1.No one enjoys ____ at. A. laughing　　B. to laugh　C. being laughed　 D. to be laughed 2. She returned home only to find the door open and something _________　. A. missed　　 B. to be missing 　C. missing　　D. to be missed 3.They insisted on _________another chance to try. A. given　 B. giving　C. being given　D .to be given 4.—Where is my passport? I remember________　it here. —You shouldnt have left it here. Remember____________ it with you all the time. A. to put；to take　　B. putting；taking　C .putting；to take　 D. to put；taking 5.His room needs _______ , so he must have it_________. A. painting； painted　　B. painted； painting C. painting； painting　 D. painted； painted 6.After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents. A. write　　　 B. writing　　　 C. wrote　　　 D to write 7 .She decided to devote herself ______the problem of old age. A. to study 　　　 B. studying　C. to studying 　 D. study 8.Its no good ________ over split milk. A .to cry B. crying C .cried D. cry 9. Have you forgotten ___________$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _________ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D .borrowing; bringing 10. The classroom wants __________. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D .cleaning 11.__________ clean is a safeguard against disease. A. To be keeping B .Kept C .Keep D. Keeping 12．—Whats made Ruth so upset? —_____ three tickets to the folk music concert. A. Lost 　　　　 B. Losing C. Because of losing 　 D. Since she lost 13．Only one of these books is _____. A. worth to read 　　 B. worth being read C. worth of reading 　 D. worth reading 14．I regretted _____ that to her. A. having said 　 B. to have said C. to say 　 D. / 教學(xué)內(nèi)容: 現(xiàn)在分詞 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 現(xiàn)在分詞的高考考點(diǎn)———時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài) 現(xiàn)在分詞的高考難點(diǎn)———分詞作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ) 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 分詞的構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞+ing 現(xiàn)在分詞有四種構(gòu)成： making being made Having made having been made A: 現(xiàn)在分詞各個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法含義： doing 表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作 They entered the house, talking and laughing. They stood there, glaring at each other. The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing having done 表示主動(dòng)完成 分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如果先與主動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作，且強(qiáng)調(diào)先后， 要用having done。 Having finished his homework, he went out. ___ a reply, he decided to write again.　 A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received being done表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作： Who is the woman being operated on? 正在動(dòng)手術(shù)的女人是誰(shuí)? I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看見(jiàn)他被警察帶走。 having been done表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作： Having been written in a hurry, the book has many mistakes. 這書(shū)因?qū)懙脗}(cāng)促，所以錯(cuò)誤不少。 B、現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式 分詞的否定式總是將否定詞not置于分詞之前，遇上現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式、被動(dòng)式以及完成被動(dòng)式，否定詞應(yīng)置于整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)之前： Not having finished his work，he could not leave the office. 由于工作沒(méi)干完他不能離開(kāi)辦公。 C: 用法：現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ) 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞doing作定語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作。也可以說(shuō)明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征，此時(shí)可換成相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。例如： ① There was a terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed being done作定語(yǔ)表示正進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作 The meeting _____________ now is very important. A holding B being held C having held D having been held 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞doing作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可作時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、原因和伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作。此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ)，因此要注意人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的一致性。 ③ ________ from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. Saw D. To be seeing ____________to visit the lab, we were showed around the library. A taking B being taken C having taken D having been taken 3. 現(xiàn)在分詞doing作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示正在進(jìn)行的或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。例如： ① Soon they could see the steam _________ from the wet clothes. A. rise B. rising C. risen D. be rising 練習(xí)： 1. 　　　　　many times, he finally understood it. A. Told　　　 B. Telling C. Having told　　　 D. Having been told 2. They use puters to keep the traffic______ smoothly. （09全國(guó)II） A. being run B. run C. to run D. running 3. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____ all four people on board. A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill 4. ._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. （08安徽） A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 5. ___ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. （08天津） A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown 6. to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead（08重慶） A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed 7.______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. （08浙江） A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized 8. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? （07全國(guó)I） A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 9. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic（植物園） garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 作業(yè)布置 糾錯(cuò) 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：過(guò)去分詞 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 過(guò)去分詞的高考考點(diǎn) 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成： 動(dòng)詞+ed 過(guò)去分詞用法 A: 注意、通常，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，例如： He is the man giving you the money.(= who gave you…)他就是給你錢(qián)的那個(gè)人。 He is the man stopped by the car.( = who was stopped by…)他就是那個(gè)被車(chē)攔住的人。 B、不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生gone, fallen, retired, escaped, faded, returned China is a developing country. Japan is a developed country. C:過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 與其修飾的詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。 Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. 1)、The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2)、Whats the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 分詞作狀語(yǔ) 相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句 Given more attention，the trees could have grown better. 1)、_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed 2)、_______, liquids can be changed into gases. A. Heating B. To be heated C. Heated D. Heat 注意： 選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過(guò)去分詞。 連詞+分詞(短語(yǔ)) 有時(shí)為使分詞短語(yǔ)與主句關(guān)系更清楚，可在分詞前加連詞。 連詞有： when，while，if though，after, before, as. 但分詞的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)必須為同一個(gè)， 如：While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls e out of the building. waiting 和saw 的主語(yǔ)相同。 分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 通常在感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞之后，如： I found my car missing. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車(chē)不見(jiàn)了。 Ill have my watch repaired. 我想把我的手表修一下。 分詞作表語(yǔ) +ed+/ing She looked tired The story is interesting. 分詞作插入語(yǔ) 其結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的，意思上的主語(yǔ)并不是句子的主語(yǔ)。 generally speaking 一般說(shuō)來(lái)strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格的說(shuō) judging from 從…判斷 all things considered 從整體來(lái)看 taking all things into consideration 全面看來(lái) Judging from his face, he must be ill. 從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。 Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，狗比豬跑得快。 過(guò)去分詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí) 1. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. When taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 2. The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. begun C. beginning D. having begun 3. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated. A. being founded B. Founded C. It was founded D. Founding 4. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 5. Mrs. Bush stood ______ for a moment when an old soldier suddenly appeared before her. A. surprised B. surprising C. being surprised D. to be surprised 6. He must be angry, for we heard the glass ____ on the floor. A, being broken B. break C. to be break D. broken 7. A cool rain was falling, _____ with snow. A. mixed B. mixing C. to mix D. having mixed 8. Most of the photographers _____ to the conference were from north Europe. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. having invited 9. The speaker raised his voice but couldn’t make himself _____. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard 作業(yè)布置：背誦經(jīng)典句型 糾錯(cuò) 教學(xué)內(nèi)容 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞綜合練習(xí) 教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)： 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別 動(dòng)名詞和不定式的區(qū)別 教學(xué)過(guò)程： 對(duì)比練習(xí) 1. ________many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. ________many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told . B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told 3. ________to the left , youll find the post office . 4. If you ________to the left , youll find the post office . 5. ________to the left , and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned 6. ______from space , the earth looks blue . 7.______from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See 8. The dirty clothes ______ , the girl hung them up outside . 9. ______ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed 10 The building ______now will be a restaurant . 11. The building ______next year will be a restaurant . 12. The building ______last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built 13. He stood there ______for his mother .14. ______for two hours , he went away . A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. Having waited 對(duì)應(yīng)性練習(xí) 1. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ____. A. not to do B. not to C. not do D. do not 2