高中英語必修3 - Unit 4單元訓(xùn)練及解析

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Unit 4 (時(shí)間：40分鐘　滿分：45分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 1．—I was trying to carry out the plan, but I failed. —Well, you________， for we were uncertain it would do________.(2012江蘇揚(yáng)州中學(xué)高三測(cè)試)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A．neednt do that；in fact B．neednt have done；in effect C．neednt have；in practice D．neednt；in time 答案　C　[neednt have done 沒有必要做某事而做了，為避免重復(fù)，答語中可省略動(dòng)詞，只保留助動(dòng)詞have。in fact＝in effect，實(shí)際上；in practice在實(shí)踐中；in time 及時(shí)；遲早。句意：——我試圖實(shí)施這計(jì)劃，但我失敗了?！?，你本沒有必要那么做，因?yàn)槲覀儾淮_定在實(shí)踐中它是否有效。] 2．Tom has agreed to let me use his computer to surf the Internet, and________I m treating him to a good dinner at the newlybuilt restaurant just around the corner. A．in charge B．in place C．in return D．in turn 答案　C　[考查介詞短語的辨析。in charge負(fù)責(zé)；掌管；in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；in return 做為回報(bào)；in turn反過來。句意：湯姆同意我讓我用他的電腦上網(wǎng)，做為回報(bào)，我要在拐角處新開的飯館請(qǐng)他好好吃一頓。] 3．We should do what we have to do________we can do what we want to do in the future. A．so that B．in case C．for fear that D．now that 答案　A　[考查狀語從句的連接詞。so that 因此；以便于；in case 以防；萬一；for fear that 擔(dān)心；now that 既然。句意：我們應(yīng)該做那些不得不做的事以便于我們將來能做那些我們想做的事。] 4．The computer system________suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.(2012陜西西安市高三質(zhì)檢) A．broke down B．broke out C．broke up D．broke in 答案　A　[考查動(dòng)詞短語的辨析。break down 出故障；break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)；break up 解散；分手；break in 闖入。句意：他在網(wǎng)上查找信息時(shí)電腦系統(tǒng)突然壞了。] 5．Chinese President Hu Jintao called for an immediate ceasefire in Libya________an even worse humanitarian crisis in the country at the BRICS Summit in Hainan Province. A．to prevent B．to have prevented C．preventing D．having prevented 答案　A　[考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。句意：在海南舉行的金磚四國(guó)會(huì)議上中國(guó)主席胡錦濤呼吁利比亞立即?；鹨员苊庖鸶鼑?yán)重的人道主義危機(jī)。] 6．The school has developed an online system________ students can choose their own teachers.(2012山東省高考打靶卷) A．which B．when C．that D．where 答案　D　[考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞為system，且在從句中作狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。句意：學(xué)校研發(fā)了一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)，在這一系統(tǒng)中學(xué)生可以選擇自己的老師。] 7．We are all surprised to see him drive a Benz.Who knows________he got so much money to afford it? A．how B．where C．whether D．what 答案　A　[考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。how表方式，符合句意及結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們看到他開著奔馳都很吃驚。誰知道他是怎么掙到那么多錢的？] 8．The discussion was held in a lively________with members talking freely to each other. A．a(chǎn)tmosphere B．weather C．situation D．phenomenon 答案　A　[考查名詞詞義的辨析。atmosphere氣氛；氛圍； weather 天氣； situation情形；狀況； phenomenon現(xiàn)象。句意：討論在熱烈的氣氛中進(jìn)行，成員自由地相互討論。] 9．Give yourself 10% of________is left for your work and let me have the rest. A．which B．that C．what D．where 答案　C　[考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。從句中缺少主語應(yīng)用what 引導(dǎo)。句意：你做剩余工作的10%，讓我做其他的。] 10．We rent a beach house with two small rooms，________can serve as a kitchen. A．the smaller of which B．a(chǎn) smaller of which C．the smaller of them D．smaller of that 答案　A　[考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞為rooms，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)；“the ＋比較級(jí)”表示兩者之中“較……的那一個(gè)”。句意：我們租了一座有兩個(gè)房間的海濱房，其中較小的那個(gè)房間可用作廚房。] 11．The manager had fallen asleep where he________，without undressing.(2012安徽合肥八中高三月考) A．was laying B．was lying C．had laid D．had lied 答案　B　[考查動(dòng)詞辨析。lay放置；擱；產(chǎn)卵，其過去式、過去分詞為laid，laid；lie 躺，其過去式、過去分詞分別為lay，lain；lie說謊，其過去式、過去分詞為lied，lied。句意：經(jīng)理沒脫衣服就在他躺著的地方睡著了。] 12．—Sorry, Im late for work. —Is that________you got stuck in a traffic jam again? A．why B．how C．because D．when 答案　C　[考查句型的辨析運(yùn)用。This/That/It is because...那是因?yàn)椤?，從句表示原因；This/That/It is why...那就是……原因，從句表示結(jié)果。由語境可知C項(xiàng)正確。句意：——對(duì)不起我上班晚了?！鞘且?yàn)槟阌錾狭私煌ǘ氯麊?？] 13．Newyborn babies are good sleepers. The amount of their sleep is________that of adults. A．several times larger than B．a(chǎn) few times the size of C．a(chǎn)s several times as D．a(chǎn) few times deeper than 答案　A　[考查比較級(jí)的用法。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法之一是“倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than”，句子主語為the amount，表示數(shù)量，故應(yīng)用large 或small來修飾，故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：新生嬰兒睡眠很好。他們的睡眠時(shí)間是成年人的好幾倍。] 14．The two girls are so alike that strangers find________difficult to tell one from the other. A．it B．them C．her D．that 答案　A　[考查it作形式賓語。該句中find賓語為to tell one from the other。句意：那兩個(gè)女孩長(zhǎng)得那么像以至于陌生人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難把他們分開來。] 15．—Im not good at singing ，you know. —________Its just for fun. A．Dont say so. B．Come on. C．What a pity! D．Cheer up. 答案　B　[考查情景交際。Dont say so.不要這樣說。不符合情景交際的特點(diǎn)； Come on.得了吧；來吧； What a pity! 真可惜！真遺憾！ Cheer up振作點(diǎn)。答語句意：來吧！我們只是玩。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分) Have you ever come across this thing？When a rather dirty，poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and reaches out his hands to beg for a few coins，do you hurry to go，not knowing what to do，or do you feel sad and hurriedly __16__ some money？What should our attitude __17__ beggars be？There can be __18__ question that the world is full of terribly sad stories.It __19__ be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from.It seems __20__ not to give some money to beggars. __21__，most of the worlds great religions order us to be openhearted and __22__ what we have with those luckier than ourselves.But has the world changed？Maybe what was morally right in the old days，__23__ one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help，is no longer the best idea.Quite a few people will not give some money to beggars.Let us look at their __24__. Firstly，some believe that many city beggars dress themselves up __25__ to look pitiable but actually make a good __26__.Giving something to beggars only encourages this sort of evil(惡行)．__27__，there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beers，wines or drugs.Thirdly，there is the opinion __28__ there is no real excuse for begging.One might be poor，__29__ that is no reason for losing ones sense of __30__ and selfdependence. Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be handled by the government __31__ ordinary people.Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and __32__ help. It is hard to come to any final conclusion：there are various __33__ and we must __34__ them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations，and even if the money is wasted，that does not take away the moral goodness of the __35__. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 當(dāng)你在路上遇到一個(gè)人伸手向你乞討時(shí)，你會(huì)怎么做呢？雖然很多人富于同情心而給予那個(gè)人幫助，但也有人認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該區(qū)別對(duì)待向我們乞討的人。 16．A.put away B．hand over C．take in D．get out 答案　B　[put away意為“把……收起來放好”；hand over意為“把……交給……”；take in意為“吸入；欺騙”；get out意為“泄露”。根據(jù)文章的意思可知B項(xiàng)是正確答案。此處表示感覺很難過并急忙遞過去一些錢。] 17．A.at B．in C．over D．towards 答案　D　[考查固定搭配。attitude和towards是固定搭配。] 18．A.no B．some C．a(chǎn)ny D．not 答案　A　[考查語境。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示世界充滿悲慘故事這是毫無疑問的。所以只能選A。] 19．A.must B．can C．need D．might 答案　A　[考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法。本句是肯定句，所以can不合適。而根據(jù)句意可知，當(dāng)你不知道你的下一頓飯?jiān)诤畏綍r(shí)，那生活肯定是非常悲慘的，所以要選擇must。might表示可能性非常??；need不符合語境。] 20．A.warmhearted B．generous C．cruel D．considerate 答案　C　[考查上下文的理解。根據(jù)上下文語境可知此處選C。cruel意為“殘忍的”。] 21．A.Strangely B．Unluckily C．Certainly D．Surprisingly 答案　C　[考查語境。這里表示肯定的意思，故選C。] 22．A.give B．donate C．share D．contribute 答案　C　[考查語境與固定短語。share...with...意為“共同承擔(dān)，分享”，是固定搭配。] 23．A.why B．when C．what D．how 答案　B　[考查定語從句。此處先行詞為the old days，故用關(guān)系副詞when。] 24．A.arguments B．quarrels C．sayings D．talks 答案　A　[考查名詞的辨析。argument意為“論點(diǎn)”；quarrel意為“爭(zhēng)吵，拌嘴”；saying意為“格言”；talk意為“交談”。根據(jù)句子意思可知A項(xiàng)是正確答案。] 25．A.on show B．on purpose C．for fun D．by accident 答案　B　[考查固定短語。根據(jù)語境可知選B。on show意為“在展出中”；on purpose意為“故意，有意地”；for fun意為“為了消遣”；by accident意為“偶然”。] 26．A.money B．comfort C．living D．decision 答案　C　[考查固定短語。make a living是固定搭配，意為“謀生，養(yǎng)活自己”，符合句意。] 27．A.Secondly B．Surely C．Possibly D．Then 答案　A　[考查上下文語境。根據(jù)上文中的Firstly以及后面的Thirdly可知此處選A。] 28．A.what B．whether C．that D．which 答案　C　[考查語法知識(shí)。the opinion后接的是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，用來解釋說明前面的名詞opinion的具體內(nèi)容。] 29．A.and B．but C．however D．a(chǎn)lthough 答案　B　[考查句意和句子的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but，而however是副詞，不能連接句子。] 30．A.goodness B．pride C．security D．responsibility 答案　B　[根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示一個(gè)人可以貧困，但是不能失去自尊和自立。] 31．A.rather than B．or rather C．other than D．but also 答案　A　[考查固定短語。rather than意為“而不是”，符合題意 。or rather意為“更確切地說”，表示進(jìn)一步說明；other than意為“除……以外”；but also一般和not only連用，意為“不但……而且……”。] 32．A.produce B．receive C．earn D．offer 答案　B　[考查語境中動(dòng)詞的辨析。receive help指客觀上得到幫助。句意：乞丐應(yīng)該找政府部門尋求幫助。] 33．A.cases B．events C．conditions D．states 答案　A　[考查語境。case在這里表示“具體情況，實(shí)例”，而condition表示“情況”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)意為“條件”。] 34．A.go with B．communicate with C．deal with D．meet with 答案　C　[考查語境與短語辨析。deal with“處理”符合句意。go with意為“與某物相配”；communicate with意為“與……交流”；meet with意為“遭遇”。] 35．A.giver B．receiver C．villager D．government 答案　A　[考查語境。根據(jù)句意可知，即使錢浪費(fèi)了，給予者的善良是不可磨滅的。] Ⅲ.閱讀理解(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) Yi Suoyeon, an engineer from Seoul, returned to Earth on Saturday after 11 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS), along with Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and US astronaut Peggy Whitson. A technical problem turned a routine (常規(guī)) return to Earth into a sharper than usual descent (下降) that tested the group members stamina and courage. They landed in the Kazakh steppes ( 大草原) about 420km (260 miles) wide of their target. “During the descent there was some kind of fire outside the Soyuz capsule because we were going through the atmosphere，” Yi said. “At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay, so I tried to look okay too.” Yi smiled and joked her way through a 10minute news briefing at Star City, the wooded Sovietera cosmonaut training centre on the edge of Moscow. However, Malenchenko and Whitson looked tired and thin after nearly six months in space. Their answers were short and Whitson needed support to balance when she walked.The 29yearold Yi has become famous in South Korea since the takeoff but she brushed this aside and said she has had little contact with friends or family since returning. “In fact, they are the heroes right now，” Yi said, referring to Malenchenko and Whitson. “Im just a beginner and a little ashamed to say that I am a hero.” She did, though, relate a more lighthearted incident on the ISS. “I sang Fly Me to the Moon” Yi said about the 1950s pop song. “Its my favorite song from university although at that time I didnt know I would be an astronaut.” The capsules socalled “ballistic” reentering made the group members face twice the usual pull from the centre of the earth. The flames Yi described may have been caused by friction (摩擦) heating the capsule as it fell through the atmosphere. Whitson told reporters that Saturdays ballistic landing, was irregular but not an emergency. “The Soyuz has been through its history very reliable and there has obviously been some issue in the last couple of descents which went ballistic, but Im sure the engineers will determine what the problems are and get them fixed，” she said. In October, a Soyuz capsule carrying Malaysias first space tourist touched down about 200 km (125 miles) off_course in a similar ballistic landing caused by a technical problem. The Soyuz is the worlds longestserving manned space capsule. An early version of the craft, the Vostok, carried the first person into space in 1961. Whitson, 48, has become the American with the longest amount of time in space with 377 days. 【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文講述Yi Suoyeon與另外兩名宇航員在太空站11天后返回的不平凡經(jīng)歷。 36．Whats the main idea of the passage? A．Flight in space is very dangerous. B．Not everybody can go into space. C．Fearful landing tests the Korean astronaut. D．Yi didnt know she would be an astronaut when she was young. 答案　C　[主旨大意題。令人恐懼的著陸讓進(jìn)入太空的韓國(guó)宇航員經(jīng)受了一次考驗(yàn)。] 37．The reason why Yi Suoyeon felt afraid at first was that________. A．a(chǎn) fire was caused by the friction B．she had no such experience before C．she was not brave enough D．the other two didnt help her 答案　B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段推理得出， Yi開始時(shí)恐懼的原因是以前沒有過這種經(jīng)歷。] 38．From the passage, we can learn that________. A．Yi Suoyeon, a space tourist came from South Korea B．Whitson became energetic when they landed on earth C．the two other guys were not afraid during the descent D．the Soyuz, an unmanned space capsule, had a long history 答案　C　[由“At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay，...”判斷得出答案。] 39．The underlined phrase in this passage means________. A．out of work B．out of control C．in the wrong direction D．in danger 答案　C　[詞意猜測(cè)題。off course偏離軌道。] 40．We can conclude from this passage that________. A．experience is very important for astronauts to ensure safety B．Yi Suoyeon will never return to the space station C．people are not willing to experience the space flight D．we should draw a lesson from the accident 答案　A　[推理判斷題。有上下文推理可得：飛行員的經(jīng)驗(yàn)在旅途中能夠?qū)Π踩鸷艽笞饔?。] 寫作素材集錦 句子 It is hard to come to any final conclusion：there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations，and even if the money is wasted，that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver. 很難得出任何最后的結(jié)論：有各種各樣的情況，我們必須區(qū)別對(duì)待。有時(shí)候幾個(gè)硬幣可以挽救一個(gè)生命，而且即使這些錢被浪費(fèi)了，給予者的善良也是不可磨滅的。 8