2018-2019年高考英語學(xué)業(yè)水平測試一輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 第Ⅲ題 完形填空.doc

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第Ⅲ題　完形填空 在高中學(xué)業(yè)水平測試中，完形填空的體裁以記敘文為主，有時也涉及說明文。完形填空主要考查考生對篇章的理解，對詞匯、習(xí)語的辨認(rèn)、搭配等基礎(chǔ)知識的綜合能力和對短文的閱讀理解能力，以及靈活運用語言知識的能力，并且根據(jù)試題內(nèi)容進(jìn)行正確的上下文邏輯推理，綜合判斷的能力。 [方法技巧] 記敘類：重視首尾句，把握開篇； 速讀全文，掌握大意； 理清人物事件，把握作者態(tài)度； 理順事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局。 說明類：分清說明對象，對癥下藥； 把握說明順序，順藤摸瓜； 代入空格，推敲最佳選項。 議論類：注重首段，結(jié)合尾段，把握論點； 理清論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論； 結(jié)合背景，觀點正確，態(tài)度積極，優(yōu)選答案。 [設(shè)空方式] 常見考查詞匯的詞性為名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞、介詞，個別題考查同義詞組的辨析對比。 [記敘文] Cloze 1 From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch，I__1__a note.Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thank you for a__2__moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of__3__for the ing test or sporting event. In early grade school they__4__their notes. But as children grow older they bee self－conscious (有自我意識的)，and__5__he reached high school，my older son，Marc, informed me he no longer__6__my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to read them but I still needed to write them，I__7__until the day he graduated. Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move home for a couple of months. He had spent those years well, graduating from college，__8__two internships(實習(xí)) in Washington，D.C.，and__9__，being a technical assistant in Sacramento.Except for short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was__10__happy to have Marc back. Since I was still making lunch for his younger brother, I__11__one for Marc, too. Imagine my__12__when I got a call from my 24－year－old son，__13__his lunch. “Did I do something__14__？ Dont you love me any more, Mom？” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I __15__asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom, ”he answered. “Where s my note？” 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作為母親的“我”在為孩子準(zhǔn)備午餐時，總要在飯盒里放一張表達(dá)感謝、提醒或鼓勵的小便條的事。短文告訴我們，濃濃的母子情也許會被孩子暫時忽略，但隨著時間的推移，這份親情會越來越濃。 1．A.carried　　　　　 B．found C．included D．held 解析：從每個孩子開始上學(xué)的那一刻起，“我”就為孩子們準(zhǔn)備盒式午餐，并在午餐盒里放一張小紙條。carry“攜帶”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；include“包括，包含”；hold“拿著”。所以答案是C。 答案：C 2．A.difficult B．special C．fortable D．separate 解析：由空前的thank you及后面的“a reminder of something we were happily expecting”(一個我們高興地期待的事情的提醒)可知，應(yīng)該是一個特殊的時刻a special moment。 答案：B 3．A.congratulation B．improvement C．explanation D．encouragement 解析：紙條的內(nèi)容包含了“the ing test or sporting event”即將到來的考試或體育賽事，所以內(nèi)容應(yīng)是鼓舞性的話語。所以答案是D。 答案：D 4．A.loved B．a(chǎn)nswered C．wrote D．examined 解析：從后面的“But as children grow older they bee selfconscious”可以知道當(dāng)孩子們長大時，他們自我意識就強了，不再喜歡這種方式了。可以推出以前他們是很喜歡這種方式的，所以本題應(yīng)該是loved。 答案：A 5．A.lately B．by the way C．by the time D．gradually 解析：lately“近來”；by the way“順便一提”；by the time“到某個時間為止”，后面一般跟從句；gradually“逐漸地”。由語境可知答案應(yīng)為C。 答案：C 6．A.received B．understood C．enjoyed D．collected 解析：句意：長大了，不再愿意看那些小紙條了。receive“收到”；understand“理解”；enjoy“喜歡，欣賞”；collect“采集，收集”。根據(jù)語境本題的答案是C。 答案：C 7．A.held up B．gave up C．followed D．continued 解析：hold up“舉起，支撐”；give up“放棄”；follow“跟隨，沿著”；continue“繼續(xù)”。句意：雖然孩子不愿意看，但“我”還是繼續(xù)寫了下去，直到他畢業(yè)。所以本題的答案是continued。 答案：D 8．A.organizing B．planning C．paring D．pleting 解析：organize“組織”；plan“計劃”；pare“對比”；plete“完成”。這里指的是，他完成了在華盛頓特區(qū)的實習(xí)工作。所以是pleting。 答案：D 9．A.hopefully B．finally C．particularly D．certainly 解析：實習(xí)結(jié)束后，他找到了一份工作。承接上文，表示“最終”，所以用finally。 答案：B 10．A.especially B．immediately C．equally D．generally 解析：especially“特別地”；immediately“立即，馬上”；equally“公平地”；generally“一般地”。句意：當(dāng)“我”聽到兒子要回來時，非常高興。用副詞especially來表達(dá)高興的程度。 答案：A 11．A.packed B．fetched C．bought D．filled 解析：文章第一句有提示，用pack。 答案：A 12．A.fear B．surprise C．a(chǎn)nger D．disappointment 解析：fear“恐怖，害怕”；surprise“驚奇，詫異”；anger“怒，憤怒”；disappointment“失望”。接到兒子的電話時，不可能是fear，anger，disappointment。所以本題的答案是surprise。 答案：B 13．A.waiting for B．worrying about C．caring for D．a(chǎn)sking about 解析：wait for“等候”；worry about“擔(dān)心”；care for“關(guān)心”；ask about“詢問(某事)”。從下文提出的疑問可知選D。 答案：D 14．A.wrong B．funny C．strange D．smart 解析：句意：當(dāng)“我”笑著問他有什么事情時，他反問道，“難道我做錯了什么嗎？難道媽媽不再愛我了？” 答案：A 15．A.interestingly B．bitterly C．politely D．laughingly 解析：前面的話是媽媽笑著說的。 答案：D Cloze 2 The True Story of Treasure Island It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson s imagination.However，recent research has found the true story of this exciting work. Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived__1__for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a__2__.With him were his American wife Fanny and his son Lloyd. Each morning Stevenson would take them out for a long__3__over the hills. They had been__4__this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse.Kept indoors by the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days__5__．To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some drawing. One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert__6__that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of the island.“Whats that？” he asked. “Thats the__7__treasure，” said the boy. Robert suddenly__8__something of an adventure story in the boys__9__．While the rain was pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story.He would make the__10__a twelve－year－old boy, just like Lloyd.But who would be the pirate (海盜)? Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the__11__of a wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to__12__such a man in a story.Thus Long John Silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was__13__． So, thanks to a__14__September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg, and the imagination of a twelve－year－old boy, we have one of the greatest__15__stories in the English language. 【語篇解讀】　本文告訴我們《金銀島》一書背后鮮為人知的故事：人們一直認(rèn)為《金銀島》一書是史蒂文森憑空想象出來的。然而最近的一項研究披露了這部作品出籠的細(xì)節(jié)。 1．A.alone B．next door C．a(chǎn)t home D．a(chǎn)broad 解析：前句中的a Scotsman和下句中的returned to Scotland暗示他長期在國外生活。 答案：D 2．A.meeting B．story C．holiday D．job 解析：第三段第一句介紹他們每天早上爬山游玩，由此可判斷他們一家一起回國是為了度假。 答案：C 3．A.talk B．rest C．walk D．game 解析：當(dāng)時的時間是1881年，地點是over the hills，因此他們?nèi)酥荒苁窃谏介g漫步，因此填walk。 答案：C 4．A.attempting B．missing C．planning D．enjoying 解析：由于他們在度假，因此他們從游山玩水中得到了極大的快樂，故選D。 答案：D 5．A.quiet B．dull C．busy D．cold 解析：Kept indoors by the heavy rain暗示在下雨天待在旅館很乏味，故填dull。 答案：B 6．A.doubted B．noticed C．decided D．recognized 解析：句意：父親注意到兒子在島的中間畫了一個大十字符號。notice“注意到”。 答案：B 7．A.forgotten B．buried C．discovered D．unexpected 解析：寶藏應(yīng)該是被人藏在島中的某個隱秘之處，因此選buried。 答案：B 8．A.saw B．drew C．made D．learned 解析：see有“設(shè)想，想象”之意，與imagine同義。句意為：突然Robert從他兒子的畫中設(shè)想出一個探險故事。 答案：A 9．A.book B．reply C．picture D．mind 解析：上文談到兒子拿來一幅畫給父親看，因此父親從兒子的繪畫中得到了藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作的靈感。 答案：C 10．A.star B．hero C．writer D．child 解析：句意：他想讓像兒子這樣的一個12歲的孩子作為故事的主人公。hero“主人公，英雄”。 答案：B 11．A.help B．problem C．use D．bottom 解析：固定短語with the help of“借助于，利用”。 答案：A 12．A.praise B．produce C．include D．a(chǎn)ccept 解析：句意：Robert一直想在書中寫這樣一個人。include“包括”。 答案：C 13．A.read B．born C．hired D．written 解析：句意：這樣一個帶有假腿的海盜就橫空出世了。換言之，這部小說的主要人物之一——海盜就誕生了。 答案：B 14．A.rainy B．sunny C．cool D．windy 解析：文章的第三段談到由于天一直下雨，在蘇格蘭度假的Stevenson一家被迫待在賓館，于是有了后面的故事。由此可見人們可以享受《金銀島》一書帶來的快樂，多虧了那個下雨的九月。 答案：A 15．A.news B．love C．real life D．a(chǎn)dventure 解析：8空后的an adventure story有暗示，而且根據(jù)文學(xué)常識可知，《金銀島》一書是探險小說。 答案：D Cloze 3 In the United States there was an unusual tale telling of the daughter of a mechanic (技工). One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl__1__to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose. After some time the girl__2__the mother would not return to her eggs and she decided to take them home. There she carefully__3__the eggs in the heat of a lamp. Several days later the eggs broke and the baby geese came into the__4__． Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother.Thus，to these young geese，the girl was their mother. As they__5__，the girl was able to__6__her birds to run across the grass, but she could not teach them to__7__. The girl became increasingly worried about this，both when __8__and in her dreams. Later, she had an__9__：She would pilot a plane to guide them in __10__．She asked her father for a plane and he assembled(組裝) a small aircraft for her. Caring about her safety, the father decided to pilot the plane himself. However, the birds did not __11__or follow him, and instead slept in the grass. One day, the girl__12__into the plane, started it and soon left the__13__. Seeing their mother take to the air，the birds__14__flapped (拍打) their wings and__15__. She flew the plane freely in the sky, her young birds following. 【語篇解讀】　本文記敘了一位小姑娘被小野鵝認(rèn)作“媽媽”的趣事：一天，小姑娘在湖邊撿到20枚野鵝蛋，孵化出來的小鵝將小姑娘誤認(rèn)為“媽媽”。后來，在父親的幫助下，小姑娘教會了小鵝飛翔。 1．A.managed B．a(chǎn)ttempted C．happened D．supposed 解析：句意：小女孩在湖邊散步時偶然看見20枚野鵝蛋。happen to碰巧，偶然。 答案：C 2．A.realized B．expected C．imagined D．a(chǎn)dmitted 解析：句意：過了一些時間小姑娘“認(rèn)識到，意識到”鵝媽媽不會返回了。 答案：A 3．A.placed B．protected C．treated D．examined 解析：place＋n.＋prep.(小心或有意)放置、安放某物在…… 答案：A 4．A.family B．lake C．home D．world 解析：e into the world“出生，降生”。 答案：D 5．A.increased B．improved C．rose D．grew 解析：句意：隨著小鵝的“成長”。 答案：D 6．A.ask B．lead C．want D．a(chǎn)llow 解析：句意：女孩能夠帶領(lǐng)鵝在草地上穿行。 答案：B 7．A.fly B．race C．swim D．sing 解析：從下文“她不得不駕駛小飛機(jī)教鵝飛翔”可知，她不會教它們“飛翔”。 答案：A 8．A.asleep B．a(chǎn)way C．a(chǎn)round D．a(chǎn)wake 解析：由both...and可知，空格處應(yīng)與in her dreams對應(yīng)，說明女孩日夜都在擔(dān)心。 答案：D 9．A.idea B．opinion C．explanation D．excuse 解析：have an idea“有了主意”。 答案：A 10．A.sky B．heaven C．flight D．plane 解析：排除法。in flight相當(dāng)于when it is flying。其余選項前常加冠詞。 答案：C 11．A.respect B．remember C．recognize D．receive 解析：由空格前的not和其后的or可知，應(yīng)為承接關(guān)系，小鵝沒有“認(rèn)可”父親的身份，也沒有追隨他。 答案：C 12．A.climbed B．looked C．reached D．fell 解析：“爬進(jìn)”小飛機(jī)，其余選項意思不對。 答案：A 13．A.house B．floor C．water D．ground 解析：飛機(jī)起飛，自然是離開地面(ground)。 答案：D 14．A.secretly B．disappointedly C．patiently D．eagerly 解析：句意：看到“媽媽”離開地面飛向空中，它們“急切地”拍打翅膀。 答案：D 15．A.looked away B．set out C．went by D．turned back 解析：and承接上文，由此可知小鵝出發(fā)并飛上了天。 答案：B Cloze 4 Even though it was only October, my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more__1__waiting for the final school bell. Upon its__2__everyone would run for their coats and go home, everyone except David. David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often__3__what kind of home life David had, and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so__4__for the cold winter months, without a coat, boots, or gloves. But something made David__5__. I can still remember he was always__6__a smile and willing to help. He always__7__after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor.We never talked much. He would just simply smile and ask what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly__8__home. Weeks passed and the __9__over the ing Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of school before the holiday break. I smiled in __10__ as the last of them hurried out the door. Turning around I saw David __11__standing by my desk. “I have something for you, ”he said and __12__from behind his back a small box.Handing it to me, he said anxiously, “Open it.” I took the box from him, thanked him and slowly unwrapped it. I lifted the lid and to my__13__saw nothing. I looked at Davids smiling face and back into the box and said, “The box is nice, David, but its __14__．” “Oh no it isnt，” said David.“ It s full of love. My mum told me before she died that love was something you couldnt see or touch unless you know its there.” Tears filled my eyes as I looked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given __15__to. After that Christmas，David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning behind the little empty box set on my desk. 【語篇解讀】　作者通過回憶一個學(xué)生送給自己一個盛滿愛的盒子的故事來告訴我們：只要你心中有愛，愛就會無處不在。 1．A.anxious B．courageous C．serious D．cautious 解析：句意：每一天，學(xué)生們都更急切地等著放學(xué)鈴聲的響起。anxious“渴望的，急切的”，符合語境。courageous“勇敢的，無畏的”；serious“嚴(yán)肅的”；cautious“小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的”。 答案：A 2．A.warning B．ringing C．calling D．yelling 解析：上句提到“等待放學(xué)鈴響”，這里當(dāng)然應(yīng)是ringing，與bell照應(yīng)。warn“警告”；call“叫，喊，打電話”；yell“叫喊，嚎叫”。故答案為B。 答案：B 3．A.scolded B．wondered C．realized D．learned 解析：由語境可知作者在此表示自己的迷惑和不解，即“我經(jīng)常想知道他過著一種怎樣的家庭生活”，用wonder表示“對……感到疑惑，想知道”。scold“指責(zé)，批評”；realize“意識到”；learn“學(xué)會，了解”，故答案為B。 答案：B 4．A.modestly B．naturally C．inaccurately D．inappropriately 解析：考查副詞。由空后的冬天沒有大衣、靴子、手套可知，這里表示什么樣的母親能讓兒子穿得如此不恰當(dāng)?shù)氐綄W(xué)校。inappropriately“不適當(dāng)，不合適地”符合語境。modestly“謹(jǐn)慎地，適當(dāng)?shù)亍?；naturally“天然地，表現(xiàn)自然地”；inaccurately“有錯誤地，不正確地”。 答案：D 5．A.popular B．upset C．special D．funny 解析：由上下文的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知這里意為“但是某些東西讓David與眾不同”。special“特殊的”符合語境。popular“受歡迎的”；upset“難過的”；funny“有趣的”。 答案：C 6．A.expressing B．delivering C．wearing D．sharing 解析：wear a smile“面帶笑容”，為固定搭配。express“表達(dá)”；deliver“交付，遞送”；share“分享”。 答案：C 7．A.practised B．wandered C．studied D．stayed 解析：句意：他常常放學(xué)以后“留在”教室里整理椅子并用拖把擦地板，故D項符合語意。practise“練習(xí)”；wander“漫游，徘徊”；study“學(xué)習(xí)”，都與語境不符。本段最后一句也有提示。 答案：D 8．A.aim at B．turn to C．put off D．head for 解析：由語境可知他應(yīng)是回家，故head for合適，意思是“朝……進(jìn)發(fā)”。aim at“瞄準(zhǔn)”；turn to“(把注意力等)轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于”；put off“延期”。 答案：D 9．A.argument B．excitement C．movement D．judgment 解析：句意：孩子們對即將到來的圣誕節(jié)的“興奮感”一直持續(xù)到放假前的最后一天。excitement“興奮”符合語境。argument“爭論”；movement“運動”；judgment“判斷”。 答案：B 10．A.relief B．return C．vain D．control 解析：句意：當(dāng)最后一個學(xué)生走出(教室)門時，我放松地笑了。故選A，in relief表示“放松”。in return“作為回報”；in vain“白費地，無用地”；in control“在控制之下”。 答案：A 11．A.weakly B．sadly C．quietly D．helplessly 解析：句意：轉(zhuǎn)過頭，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)David站在桌子旁，而作者之前并沒意識到David的存在，所以C項最為合適，表示“靜靜地”。weakly“軟弱地，無力地”；sadly“悲哀地，令人惋惜地”；helplessly“無能為力地，無助地”。 答案：C 12．A.searched B．found C．raised D．pulled 解析：句意：可知，他從背后拿出了一個小盒子。search表示搜查；find表示找到；raise“提高，舉起”；pull“把……拉(過來)，把……扯(過來)”。顯然只有D項符合句意。 答案：D 13．A.delight B．expectation C．a(chǎn)ppreciation D．surprise 解析：考查名詞和語境?？吹胶凶永锸裁炊紱]有，“我”當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是“驚訝”了，故D項surprise合適。to ones surprise表示“令人驚訝的是”。delight“快樂，高興”；expectation“預(yù)料，期望”；appreciation“欣賞，贊賞”。 答案：D 14．A.cheap B．empty C．useless D．improper 解析：句意：“我”說“盒子很好，但它是空的”，這也與上文的“saw nothing”相照應(yīng)，故答案為B，empty“空的”。cheap“便宜的”；useless“無用的”；improper“不適當(dāng)?shù)摹?。文章最后一句也有提示? 答案：B 15．A.advice B．support C．a(chǎn)ttention D．mand 解析：由句意可知，作者在說自己原來很少關(guān)注他。give attention to表示“注意……留心……”符合語境。advice“建議”；support“支持”；mand“命令，指揮”。 答案：C [議論文] Cloze 1 Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we e to realize that those challenges are the very things that__1__us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that e with__2__． When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two__3__. We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing__4__the challenge isnt worth the__5__and call it quits. Although there are certainly __6__when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most__7__all that is needed is mitment and munication. When we are mitted to something, it means that no matter how __8__or how unfortable something is, we will always choose to __9__it and work it through instead of running away from it. munication is making a__10__for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong.If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt，”__11__“You hurt my feelings，” you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster. In dealing with the many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are: small hurdles you need to jump or__12__on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only__13__to make us stronger. It is all part of growing up, it__14__to everyone, and some day you will__15__all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing.” 【語篇解讀】　這是一篇議論文。人的一生充滿挑戰(zhàn)，要勇敢地面對一切，不斷充實自己、完善自己，到后來才會覺得勇敢地面對挑戰(zhàn)乃是人生幸事。 1．A.design B．promote C．direct D．shape 解析：考查動詞的用法。根據(jù)后面make us who we are可以確定用shape，意思是“使……成形，塑造”。 答案：D 2．A.confidence B．pressure C．friendship D．difficulty 解析：考查語篇理解。根據(jù)下文提到的友誼帶來挑戰(zhàn)可以確定此處是friendship。 答案：C 3．A.opportunities B．expectations C．choices D．a(chǎn)spects 解析：考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)后面“We can try to beat it off，or we can decide...”可知是作出的“選擇”，承上啟下。 答案：C 4．A.demanding B．deserving C．predicting D．presenting 解析：考查動詞的用法。指“引起、造成”挑戰(zhàn)的事情。 答案：D 5．A.ment B．loss C．trouble D．expense 解析：考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)后面的quits可以確定是trouble(麻煩，辛勞)，即這種挑戰(zhàn)是不值得麻煩(我們?nèi)プ?的，因而放棄。 答案：C 6．A.spans B．times C．dates D．a(chǎn)ges 解析：考查名詞的用法。雖然四個選項都是表示時間的名詞，但是根據(jù)上下文，此處times表示的是“時刻、時候”。意為：雖然肯定有時放棄是一種明智之舉，但多數(shù)情況下，我們需要去做的是承諾和溝通。 答案：B 7．A.cases B．fields C．parts D．occasions 解析：考查名詞的用法。in most cases的意思是“在大多數(shù)情況下”。 答案：A 8．A.doubtful B．shameful C．harmful D．painful 解析：考查形容詞的用法。用連詞or連接，所以空格處應(yīng)該是unfortable的同義詞。painful“痛苦的”，與unfortable“對應(yīng)”，符合文意。doubtful“懷疑的”；shameful“羞恥的”；harmful“有害的”。 答案：D 9．A.keep B．control C．face D．catch 解析：考查動詞的用法。根據(jù)“instead of...”可知此處意思是：不是逃避而是要面對。故選face“面對”。 答案：C 10．A.space B．plan C．topic D．room 解析：考查名詞的用法。make a space“創(chuàng)造一定的空間”。 答案：A 11．A.other than B．rather than C．or rather D．or else 解析：考查介詞短語。聯(lián)系上下文知此處指前者而不是后者。rather than“而不是”；other than“除了”；or rather“更確切地說”；or else“或者”。 答案：B 12．A.pass by B．e across C．get through D．run over 解析：考查動詞短語。空白處應(yīng)和jump并列，在有欄桿的情況下，要通過除了跳躍就是穿過，所以用get through“穿過，通過”。pass by“經(jīng)過”；e across“遇到”；run over“跑過去”。 答案：C 13．A.serves B．means C．a(chǎn)ims D．a(chǎn)ttempts 解析：考查動詞的用法。serve在此處是“用來”的意思。means“意味”，后跟動名詞，不跟不定式。這里是指：受傷會使我們變得更加堅強。 答案：A 14．A.opens B．a(chǎn)ppeals C．goes D．happens 解析：考查動詞的用法。句意：人人都會遇到這樣的事情。open“開放”；appeal“呼吁”；go“歸屬，附屬”。 答案：D 15．A.look down on B．look back on C．look forward to D．look up to 解析：考查動詞短語。look back on是“回顧，回憶”的意思。句意：它是成長過程中每個人都會遇到的，將來在回憶這一切時，你就會說：“盡管很艱辛，但是它成就了今天的我，這是一件好事情”。 答案：B Cloze 2 The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be. The__1__family in colonial(殖民地時期的)North America was mainly concerned with survival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus，children were __2__in terms of their productivity (生產(chǎn)能力), and they played the role of producer quite early.Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination(附屬)． With the__3__of the society, the position of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the plex and technological society that the United States has bee, each__4__must fulfill a number of personal and occupational__5__and be in contact with many other members. Therefore, viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are__6__more as people in their own right than as those of subordination. This acceptance of children as__7__participants in the family is reflected in various laws__8__the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs. This new__9__of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also__10__an increasing interest in child－raising techniques. People today spend much time__11__the proper way to raise children. Nowadays，the socialization of the child in the United States is a __12__transaction (事務(wù))between parent and child__13__a one－way，parent－to－child training__14__. As a consequence, socializing children and__15__with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction and problems. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇議論文。在美國，隨著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的發(fā)展，孩子們在家庭中的地位也在變化。殖民時期，人們在家庭中的地位與經(jīng)濟(jì)掛鉤，兒童在家庭中處在附屬地位。隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，人們思想觀念隨之轉(zhuǎn)變，孩子們在家庭和社會中的角色變得越來越重要，這使得他們逐漸擺脫了受支配的地位，受到了各方面的尊重和愛護(hù)。 1．A.poor B．ordinary C．happy D．wealthy 解析：考查形容詞。句意：殖民時期的“普通”(ordinary)家庭主要關(guān)注的是生存以及家庭自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮。由常識可知happy families和wealthy families不需要關(guān)注生存問題，而根據(jù)語篇的分析，文章不只是關(guān)注poor families的兒童。 答案：B 2．A.supported B．received C．encouraged D．valued 解析：考查過去分詞。句意：通過孩子們自身的生產(chǎn)能力來“評價”(value)他們。support“支撐”；receive“收到”；encourage“鼓勵”，都不符合句意。 答案：D 3．A.movement B．a(chǎn)chievement C．development D．requirement 解析：考查名詞。句意：隨著社會的發(fā)展，孩子們在家庭和社會中的地位變得更為重要了。with the development of“隨著……的發(fā)展”。 答案：C 4．A.parent B．member C．family D．relative 解析：考查名詞。由下文的關(guān)鍵信息“many other members”可知，該用member。 答案：B 5．A.purposes B．promises C．roles D．tasks 解析：考查名詞。句意：每個成員都必須擔(dān)當(dāng)屬于自己的“角色”(role)并與其他社會成員相互接觸。purpose“目的”；promise“承諾”；task“任務(wù)”，均不符合句意。 答案：C 6．A.admired B．regarded C．made D．respected 解析：be regarded as“被看作，被當(dāng)作”。 答案：B 7．A.willing B．equal C．similar D．mon 解析：考查形容詞。句意：接受孩子們作為家庭“平等的”(equal)參與者這一事實已反映在各種各樣“保護(hù)”(protect)孩子權(quán)益的法律之中，也同樣反映在各類社會公益福利項目之中。 答案：B 8．A.enjoying B．preventing C．considering