2019高考英語一輪基礎自練題 Unit 5 Theme parks（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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Unit 5 Theme parks ***閱讀理解。 In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health—Vitamin D. This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other lifethreatening diseases.The remended daily requirement is 400600 International Units(IU)．In summer，people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D. Even during winter，just a 10minute walk at midday can keep the bodys Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible. Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks(蛋黃)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it. To attract consumers，food panies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency (缺乏)of Vitamin D．It made the childrens bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem，and it has been available ever since. For people who still need more Vitamin D，there is another option：Take Vitamin D supplements(補充物)．These products are widely sold in stores.However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first. 1．During the winter months，people ________. A．arent able to meet their deadlines B．often dont dress warmly enough C．generally like to remain indoors D．leave lots of work for others to do 2．According to the text，Vitamin D ________. A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun B．can be used to cure lifethreatening diseases C．can be mainly found in some milk products D．can make the childrens bones soft and weak 3．Why is salmon mentioned in this article? A．Its seldom prepared in the correct way. B．Its a useful addition to a persons diet. C．It has a huge impact on the environment. D．Its advantages have been exaggerated. 4．The main purpose of this article is ________. A．to introduce a valuable nutrient B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements C．to note risks associated with a nutrient D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered 【解題導語】本文是一篇科普文，主要介紹了維生素D的一些情況。 1．C　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的“In the dead of winter，we dont typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should”可知，在冬天人們愿意待在室內。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，維生素D可以通過曬太陽獲得，故選A。 3．B　考查推理判斷。根據第四段可知，三文魚是補充維生素D的食物，因此對我們的飲食是有用的補充物，故選B。 4．A　考查主旨大意。根據全文可知，本文主要介紹一種營養(yǎng)成分——維生素D。 ***語法填空。 There is a tradition in my school that when the College Entrance Examination is less than a month away, students in the __1__(low) grades, from Senior 1 to Senior 2, all gather together on the ground in front of the teaching building and cheer on the Senior 3 students who are standing upstairs. It wasnt until I __2__(person) took part in the activity that I understood the real __3__(mean) of it. I was in Senior 2 at the time. __4__that special night, all the Senior 3 students stood in the corridors (走廊) and looked down at the younger students below. __5__(vary) cheers started to resound throughout the school, wave after wave. “Believe in yourself! You deserve to win！” __6__(see) everyones smiling faces around me, I thought of __7__famous quote from the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau: What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you bee by achieving your goals. Soon it will be my turn to __8__(bless) in this way,__9__also means I will have to say goodbye to my school. Sad as it will be, being cheered on by so many students will still be one of the brightest __10__(time) of my life. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了自己學校為即將參加高考的高三學生加油鼓勵的獨特傳統(tǒng)。作者認為這種祝福方式讓他倍受鼓舞，且當時的場景成為他記憶中最為閃亮的時刻之一。 1．lower　考查形容詞比較級。此處暗含了對比。對于高三的學生來說，高一和高二的學生就是較低年級的學生，所以要用比較級，故填lower。 2．personally　考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾動詞短語took part in，應用副詞，故填personally。 3．meaning　考查詞性轉換。設空處作understood的賓語，應用名詞形式，故填meaning。 4．On　考查介詞。此處表述：在那個特殊的晚上。在具體的某一天晚上要用介詞on，句首單詞注意首字母大寫，故填On。 5．Various　考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞作定語修飾名詞cheers，故填Various “各種各樣的”。 6．Seeing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用非謂語動詞，動詞see和其邏輯主語I之間是主動關系，所以要用現在分詞作狀語，故填Seeing。 7．a　考查冠詞。quote是可數名詞，意為“引語；引文”，而且此處表示泛指概念，故填不定冠詞a。 8．be blessed　考查非謂語動詞。此處表述很快就輪到“我”收到這種方式的祝福。It is ones turn to do sth.為固定句型，意為“輪到某人去做某事”，根據句意可知，此句中“我”和bless之間是被動關系，應用不定式的被動形式，故填be blessed。 9．which　考查定語從句的引導詞。兩個句子中沒有連詞，該空指代前面一句話的內容，而且在從句中作主語，所以此處應用which引導非限制性定語從句，故填which。 10．times　考查名詞的復數。當作“時光；歲月”講時，time為可數名詞；“one of＋the＋形容詞最高級＋可數名詞復數”意為“最……的……之一”。故填times。 ***完形填空。 I was a first officer at an airline. One Christmas Eve, I was checking instruments in 1 for my last flight of the day 2 I heard a noise behind me. I looked 3 my shoulder. Just outside the cockpit(駕駛艙) doorway was a boy of about nine 4 at the cockpit. At my glance he started to 5 . “e on in here，” I called. The boy stepped 6 into the cockpit. “My name’s Chad，” I said, sticking out my hand. With a shy smile he put his hand in 7 ， “I’m Sam.” The captain would be in any minute. Sam looked so 8 that I didn’t want to cut short his fun. I told Sam the 9 of each button. Finally Captain Jim came aboard. I 10 Sam to Jim, who gave him a broad smile. “You ever 11 an airplane before, Sam？” Jim asked. Eyes wide, Sam 12 his head. Following my 13 ， he carefully pressed a button as big as his hand to start the 14 ， which hummed(發(fā)出嗡嗡聲) to life. Sam looked like he was about to cry with 15 . We started up the other engine, 16 ， and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later. Early Christmas morning, Sam’s mother came by and 17 a tin of cookies with a note of thanks. Jim looked at it, 18 ， and read it aloud, “Thank you for what you’ve done. Sam has been dreaming about being a pilot. 19 ， he’s got cancer...” A small 20 deed that one does can make a big difference to someone else’s life. 【解題導語】　本文主要講述了作者在例行檢查飛機時，無意間的好心之舉對一個罹患癌癥的小孩兒有非凡意義的故事。 1．A.time　　　　　　　 B．return C．preparation D．exchange C　解析：根據下文的“Finally Captain Jim came aboard.”可推知，當時飛機還沒有起飛，作者在做一些起飛前的檢查工作，與作者的身份officer呼應。 2．A.after B．when C．as if D．even though B　解析：固定句型be doing...when...意為“正在做某事時，突然……”， 空處與語境“I was checking”呼應，故選B。 3．A.over B．around C．above D．from A　解析：根據語境“I heard a noise behind me”可推知，作者當時回過頭去看，over意為“從一邊到另一邊”，故選A。 4．A.glaring B．aiming C．shouting D．staring D　解析：根據下文的“Sam looked so ___________ that I didn’t want to cut short his fun.”可推知，小孩兒對駕駛艙很感興趣，在盯著它看，這與下文作者給小孩兒介紹駕駛艙呼應。stare“盯著看”；glare“怒目而視”。 5．A.get in B．turn away C．run out D．set off B　解析：在作者的注視下，小孩兒轉過臉去(turn away)。 6．A.cautiously B．unexpectedly C．desperately D．deliberately A　解析：空處與下文的“With a shy smile”呼應，表示小孩兒當時很謹慎。cautiously “小心地，謹慎地”。 7．A.his B．him C．me D．mine D　解析：根據上文的“sticking out my hand”可推知，作者準備和小孩兒握手，因此小孩兒羞怯地把手放在作者的手里。mine是名詞性物主代詞， 在此處相當于my hand。 8．A.thrilled B．worried C．afraid D．confident A　解析：根據語境“I didn’t want to cut short his fun”可推知，小孩兒當時很激動。thrilled “極為激動的”。 9．A.type B．function C．problem D．regulation B　解析：根據語境可知，作者給小孩兒介紹駕駛艙里每個按鍵的功能。function “功能”。 10．A.carried B．reported C．introduced D．directed C　解析：根據上文可知，小孩兒和作者是第一次見面，因此他們認識之后見到作者的同事時，作者把小孩兒介紹給了同事。introduce“介紹”。 11．A.saw B．boarded C．started D．visited C　解析：根據下文小孩兒在作者的指導下發(fā)動引擎可推知，此處問的是小孩兒之前是否開過飛機，與下文的“We started up the other engine”呼應。 12．A.raised B．bowed C．nodded D．shook D　解析：根據下文的“Following my ___________ ， he carefully pressed a button”可推知，小孩兒之前沒有開過飛機，于是他搖頭。 13．A.signals B．instructions C．example D．schedule B　解析：根據語境可推知，小孩兒按照作者的指示開始操作按鍵。instruction “指導”。 14．A.flight B．journey C．button D．engine D　解析：空處與下文的“which hummed(發(fā)出嗡嗡聲)to life”和“We started up the other engine”呼應，表示小孩兒發(fā)動了引擎。 15．A.happiness B．anxiety C．sympathy D．fright A　解析：空處與上文的“I didn’t want to cut short his fun”呼應，表示小孩兒很高興看到引擎被發(fā)動了起來。 16．A.gave up B．pulled over C．took off D．went out C　解析：根據語境“We started up the other engine ... and arrived in Macon about 40 minutes later.”可推知，飛機的引擎都發(fā)動后，起飛了，大約40分鐘后抵達了Macon。 17．A.took B．made C．bought D．left D　解析：空處與“came by”呼應，表示Sam的母親來了，然后留下了一罐餅干和一張感謝便條。 18．A.sighed B．sobbed C．breathed D．relieved A　解析：根據下文的“he’s got cancer”可推知，當時Jim看到便條后，很傷感和無奈。sigh “嘆氣”。 19．A.Strangely B．Eventually C．Carelessly D．Unfortunately D　解析：結合“he’s got cancer”可推知，得了癌癥是一件很不幸的事情。 20．A.heroic B．risky C．kind D．honest C　解析：根據全文可推知，作者無意間做的一件好事對一個罹患癌癥的小孩兒來說有非凡的意義。kind “仁慈的，友好的”。 ***短文改錯。 Recent years have seen a tendency in China that tour is growing faster. According to a recently survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents traveled regularly. More people will join in the army of travelers in the future. Facing this tendency, we cant help explore some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place，as the further development of reform and opening up, Chinese peoples living standards have been greatly improved, and therefore, most of whom can afford to travel around. Whats more, it is believed that people now take more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle. In additions, tourism facilities are being better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, but many scenic spots are available now. 答案： Recent years have seen a tendency in China that is growing faster. According to a survey made by some experts, about 47% urban residents regularly. More people will join the army of travelers in the future. Facing this tendency, we cant help some underlying factors that are responsible. In the very first place, the further development of reform and opening up, Chinese peoples living standards have been greatly improved，and therefore, most of can afford to travel around. Whats more, it is believed that people now take more positive attitude to tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle. In ， tourism facilities are being better and better. For example, transportation develops fast, many scenic spots are available now. 難項分析： 第一處：tour→tourism　考查名詞辨析。根據語境可知，此處指中國的旅游業(yè)，應用tourism，而tour一般指一次具體的觀光旅游。故將tour改為tourism。 第七處：whom→them　考查代詞。此句中and連接并列分句，因而其后不可以接定語從句；后一分句缺少主語，of后的代詞指代上文提到的Chinese people，故將whom改為them作介詞of的賓語。 第十處：but→and　考查連詞。transportation develops fast與many scenic spots are available之間為并列與遞進的關系，而不是轉折關系，故用連詞and連接。 ***