2020版高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 5 The power of nature課時(shí)作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版選修6.docx

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Unit5 The power of nature Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Ahurricaneapproacheswhenthewindgoesinthecounterclockwise(逆時(shí)針)directionatsealevelaccompaniedbyanon-stopthunderstorm.Butwhenthewindstartsblowingatmorethan74milesperhour,thentheoccurringsituationisregardedasahurricane.Whenthespeedofthewindcrosses110milesperhour,thehurricanecancauseseveredamagetolifeandproperty. Severalweatherdatareportsareobservedandanalysedtotracktropicalstorms.Butwhenstormsarebuildingup,satelliteimagesareusedtodetermineitslocation,strength,andprogressoverthefollowingfivedays.Generally,ahurricanewarningisannounced48hoursbeforeitmakeslandfall. Approximately3to4daysbeforehurricanelandfall,thesurfaceoftheseawillseeaconsiderablewaveof3to6feet.Thewaveswillstriketheshoreaboutevery9seconds.Thetidegetsreallyroughbefore24hours,owingtothespeedofthewindwhichcanreacharoundabout34milesperhour. Seventy-twohoursbeforelandfall,theatmosphericpressureisstable.Thepressurebeginstofall,36hoursbeforelandfall.Whenthehurricaneis12hoursaway,thestrongforcewindcarriesalongloosedebris(殘骸)withit.Asthehurricaneapproaches,andisjust6hoursaway,thewindspeedcrosses90milesperhour. Seventy-twohoursbeforelandfall,theskyisdottedwithcumulus(積云).Thecirruscloudsarevisibleinthesky,only36hoursbeforelandfall.Peoplelivinginlow-lyingareasarenowaskedtoleavetheirplaces.Eighteenhoursbeforelandfall,itbeginstopour.Therainsareheavyandcontinuoustillthehurricanestops.Thedarkcloudswhichareallsettobringheavydownpourcanbeseen12hoursbeforelandfall. 1.Accordingtothepassage,anapproachinghurricane　　　　. A.leadstoextraordinarylossesifthewindblowsat74milesperhour B.shouldbeobservedandannouncedfivedaysbeforeitmakeslandfall C.canbeconfirmedbyjustanalysingweatherdatareportsoftropicalstorms D.startsiftheseawindkeepsblowinginacertaindirectionwithathunderstorm 2.Thethirdparagraphismainlyaboutthehurricanewarningsignsofthe　　　　. A.sea B.wind C.cloud D.rain 3.Whatcanbeobserved72hoursbeforelandfall? A.Therainstartstopour. B.Thetidebecomesreallytough. C.Cumulusappearsinthesky. D.Thewindblowsat34milesperhour. 4.Wecaninferthatpeopleinlow-lyingareasshouldmovefromtheirplaceswhen　　　　. A.theatmosphericpressurebeginstofall B.wavesstriketheshoreevery9seconds C.thedarkcloudsbringheavydownpour D.loosedebrisfliesoutwithstrongwinds B TheIslandRuleisoneofthebestexplanationsscientistscouldgivetotheobservablephenomenonthatanimalsandhumanshaveevolved(進(jìn)化)dependingontheresourcesavailableintheirhabitats(棲息地).Throughtime,scientistshavenoticedthroughfossil(化石)recordsthatsomelargeanimalsfrommainlandhabitatshavedwarf(矮小的)versionsinblandhabitats. AreportfromBBCdescribedtheexistenceofwhatscientistscall “hobbitisland” ofasmallislandsomewhereinIndonesia.Itwasgivensuchanamebecausefossilrecordsoftiny,human-likecreatureshavebeenfoundintheregion. “Hobbits” areonlyastallasonemetreandaresmallversionsofearlyhumanspecieswithtinierbrains. Thoughscientistscannotperfectlytracetheoriginofthe “HomoFloresiensis”,theybelievethattheyarehumanrelatives,butitisthe “islandlife” thathascausedthemtoevolveastheyhave.Scientistshavenoticedthroughfossilrecordsandexistingorganisms(有機(jī)體)todaythatitseemsthatlargeanimalsgrowsmallinsmallerislandswhilesmallanimalsgrowlargeinlargerislands. Intheory,animalandhumanbodieshaveadjustedtotheavailablefoodandfreshwaterintheirhabitats.Sincethereisnoopportunityforthemtoleavetheirisland,theymightaswelladapt. NewYorkexplainedthatislandsusuallyhavefewerpredators(捕食者)thanmainlandecosystems.However,itisthelackofresourcesthatcausesthedeathofmanyanimals.Asameansofnaturaladaptation,thebodiesoftheseanimalshaveevolvedsmallerthantheirancestors,makingtheirbodiesrequirefewerresources. AreportfromWebEcoistlisteddownafewexamplesofanimalsthathaveshrunksignificantlycomparedwiththeirancestors.SomeoftheseincludeBalitigersassmallasleopards(豹). 5.Howdidthename “hobbitisland” comefrom? A.Scientistsdiscovereddwarfpeoplelivingontheisland. B.Onemetretallhumanbeingmadealivingontheseislands. C.Scientistsfoundhumanspecieswithtinierbrainsonanisland. D.Evidencesshowingtiny,human-likecreaturesontheislandwerefound. 6.Whatdoyouknowabout “Hobbits”? A.TheyusedtoonlylivesomewhereinIndonesia. B.Theyweretheearliestancestorsofhumanbeings. C.Theylooksmallercomparedwithnormalhumans. D.Theygraduallygrewlargeronlargerislands. 7.AccordingtoNewYork,　　　　. A.animalsonislandslackenoughfoodtoliveon B.manyanimalsdiedofffornoapparentreason C.toomanypredatorswilldodamagetotheecosystem D.predatorsmakeislandanimalsturnsmaller 8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext? A.Morepredatorscanhelpanimalsgrowstrongerandlarger. B.Balitigersturnsmallbecauseoftheiradaptationtotheenvironment. C.Morefoodresourcesshouldbeprovidedtoislands. D.Animalsonthemainlandarefiercerthanthoseonislands. Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 In1978,Iwas10yearsoldandlivedinCalcutta,acityofEastIndiawithmyfamily.Icouldnotforget1.　　　　yearasthiscityfacedadisaster.AheavyfloodinGangesriverpreventedthepeople2.　　　　(live)thenormalcitylife. Atthattime,ourschoolremainedclosed.OneofmyschoolfriendsSandhyausedtostayinSubhasNagar,3.　　　　wassituatedinalittle4.　　　　(low)areaacrosstherailwayline.Thearea5.　　　　(cover)withwater,andjustthenmyfriend??sgrandfatherbecamesick.Theoutercityconnectionwiththisareawascut6.　　　　,somyfriend??sfathercrossedthewaterypathwiththehelpofbamboo-basedboatinordertocalladoctor.Goingouttoattendhospital7.　　　　(be)impossiblefortheagedgrandfather,becauseitrainedheavilyand8.　　　　(end),andnodoctordaredtovisittheareaatthatmoment.Finallymyfriend??sfatherbuiltatenttypedshadeontheboatand9.　　　　(take)myfriend??sgrandfathertothehospital. Ifwearedeterminedandhavegreatconfidenceinour10.　　　　(able),wecanovercomeanyobstacletoreachourgoals. Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) LastSundaythestormstruckthevillagewheremygrandparentsusedtoliving.Thestormhaddestroyedtwentyhouses,thirteenofwhichwerebaddamaged.Theothershadeitherbrokenwindowsortornroof.Overtwohundredpersonswerekilled.Afewwereseriouslyinjuredandtaketohospital.Aboutsixhundredpeoplewerehomelessbecausethestorm. MrGreensaid, “Thestormbeganataboutsevenintheevening.IwaswatchingTVwithmyfamilywhileweheardaloudnoise.Severalminuteslater,ourhousefelldownandcoveredus.Ittookusalongtimeafterwemanagedtoclimbout,butIfoundoneofhiskidswasmissing,soIwentbackinsideandfoundhersafeandsound.” Ⅳ.書面表達(dá) 假定你是李華,從網(wǎng)上得知你的美國(guó)朋友Phil的家鄉(xiāng)遭受龍卷風(fēng)(tornado)襲擊。請(qǐng)你寫封郵件安慰他。內(nèi)容包括: 1.說明情況; 2.詢問災(zāi)情,表示安慰。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 課時(shí)作業(yè)(三十) Ⅰ.A 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文,主要對(duì)颶風(fēng)這種天氣現(xiàn)象做了簡(jiǎn)要介紹。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Ahurricaneapproacheswhenthewindgoesinthecounterclockwise(逆時(shí)針)directionatsealevelaccompaniedbyanon-stopthunderstorm.”可知,當(dāng)風(fēng)在海平面上朝著特定的方向吹,并伴有雷電的時(shí)候,颶風(fēng)也就來(lái)臨了,故選D。 2.A　段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的整體內(nèi)容可推知,本段主要講述的是颶風(fēng)即將來(lái)臨時(shí)大海的一些跡象,故選A。 3.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Seventy-twohoursbeforelandfall,theskyisdottedwithcumulus(積云).”可知,在此期間,可以觀察到積云,故選C。 4.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句“Seventy-twohoursbeforelandfall,theatmosphericpressureisstable.Thepressurebeginstofall,36hoursbeforelandfall.”及最后一段中的第二句和第三句可知,大氣壓變低意味著颶風(fēng)馬上要來(lái),因此在這時(shí)地處低位置的人就要撤離,故選A。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文。通過這篇文章我們了解到“島上的規(guī)則”是科學(xué)家們能給出的動(dòng)物和人類進(jìn)化的最好的解釋之一,人類和動(dòng)物的進(jìn)化取決于其棲息地上所能利用的資源。 5.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Itwasgivensuchanamebecausefossilrecordsoftiny,human-likecreatureshavebeenfoundintheregion.”可知選D。 6.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“‘Hobbits’ areonlyastallasonemetreandaresmallversionsofearlyhumanspecieswithtinierbrains.”可知,與正常的人類相比,Hobbits看起來(lái)較小,故選C。 7.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“However,itisthelackofresourcesthatcausesthedeathofmanyanimals.”可知,島上的動(dòng)物缺乏足夠的食物,故選A。 8.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Asameansofnaturaladaptation,thebodiesoftheseanimalshaveevolvedsmallerthantheirancestors,makingtheirbodiesrequirefewerresources.”和最后一段可知,巴厘虎因要適應(yīng)環(huán)境而變小,故選B。 Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇記敘文,講述了1978年在印度東部的城市Calcutta發(fā)生的洪災(zāi)情況,以及在此期間作者的朋友家里發(fā)生的事情。 1.the　考查冠詞。句意:我不會(huì)忘記這一年,因?yàn)檫@個(gè)城市經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。此處特指這一年,故填the。 2.living　考查固定詞組。一場(chǎng)洪水阻止了人們過正常的城市生活。preventsb(from)doingsth是固定詞組,意為“阻止某人做某事”,故填living。 3.which　考查定語(yǔ)從句。此句是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞SubhasNagar指的是地點(diǎn),后面的定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ),故用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 4.lower　考查形容詞比較級(jí)。它坐落在地勢(shì)更低的地方。alittle修飾形容詞比較級(jí),故填lower。 5.wascovered　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。這個(gè)地區(qū)被水覆蓋。由句意可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),事情發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時(shí)。becoveredwith意為“被……覆蓋”。 6.off　考查固定詞組。外界與這個(gè)地區(qū)的聯(lián)系被切斷了。cutoff是固定詞組,意為“切斷,中斷”。 7.was　考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)goingouttoattendhospital是動(dòng)名詞,動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,且句子的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),故填was。 8.endlessly　考查副詞。此處指大雨在無(wú)休止地下著。修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞,故填endlessly表示“無(wú)止境地,無(wú)休止地”。 9.took　考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意:最后我朋友的父親在船上建了一個(gè)帳篷似的遮蔽處并帶我朋友的爺爺去醫(yī)院。此處and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí),故填took。 10.abilities　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:如果我們有決心并對(duì)自己的能力充滿信心,我們就可以克服任何障礙,實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)。our是形容詞性物主代詞,修飾名詞,根據(jù)句意可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)abilities。 Ⅲ.LastSundaythestormstruckthevillagewheremygrandparentsusedtoliving.Thestormhaddestroyedtwenty alive houses,thirteenofwhichwerebaddamaged.Theothershadeitherbrokenwindowsortornroof.Overtwohundred badlyroofs personswerekilled.Afewwereseriouslyinjuredandtaketohospital.Aboutsixhundredpeoplewerehomeless taken because∧ofthestorm. MrGreensaid, “Thestormbeganataboutsevenintheevening.IwaswatchingTVwithmyfamilywhilewe when heardaloudnoise.Severalminuteslater,ourhousefelldownandcoveredus.Ittookusalongtimeafterwe before managedtoclimbout,butIfoundoneofhiskidswasmissing,soIwentbackinsideandfoundhersafeandsound.” my Ⅳ.Onepossibleversion: DearPhil, I??msorrytolearnaboutfromtheInternetthatyourhometownwasstruckbythetornadothedaybeforeyesterday.Accordingtothevideoofthereport,thetornadowassostrongthatitbroughtaboutalotoflosses.Manyhousesweredestroyedandworsestill,manypeoplewereinjuredandsomeevendied. Seeingthedisaster,Ihavebeenworriedaboutyouandyourfamily.I??manxioustoknowyourpresentsituations.Pleasetellmewhatyouexperiencedthesedays.Iknowthathelphasalreadyarrived.Ihopethateverythingisallrightforyou! I??mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou! Yours, LiHua