人教高三Units1-7語言點.doc

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全日制普通高級中學(xué)英語（必修）第三冊Units 1-7 語言點 Unit 1That must be a record ▲argument settle an argument about sth解決關(guān)于……的爭論/爭端 start/put forward an argument for against就贊成/反對……展開辯論 argue v. argue with sb about /over sth Do what you are told to and don’t argue with me. argue for/against為（支持）……辯護/反駁 argue a matter out把某事辯個水落石出 argue sb into/out of doing sth=advise sb(not)to do sth ▲conclude vt.推斷（推論）出（后跟that-從句）締結(jié)，議定；vi.come to an end結(jié)束，終止 The talks were expected to conclude on Sunday.會談預(yù)計星期天結(jié)束。 What do you conclude from the facts?從這些事實中你得出了什么結(jié)論？ Transactions were concluded on a wide variety of light industrial goods. 多種多樣的輕工業(yè)產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)成交。 conclusion n. come to/draw/reach/arrive at a conclusion得出結(jié)論(from the facts) jump to conclusion匆忙地/草率地下結(jié)論 bring sth to conclusion使……結(jié)束 in conclusion總之、總而言之、最后 ▲popular There was a time when this song was very popular. 曾經(jīng)一度時間這首歌很流行。 She is very popular with her students. He told him to listen to young people’s music and to watch the most popular television shows ---This reference book is no more popular with the students than that one. ---You mean they are both little thought of ? There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need to be improved. And the growing popularity51 of shopping centres led 52 in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. 這些購物中心越來越大的名氣反過來導(dǎo)致了更大，設(shè)備更好的商店的建成。 name姓名；fame卓越，好名聲；popularity名氣很大，知名度很高 ▲hire hire/employ sb=take on sb.→fire/dismiss sb=give sb.the snack hire 日常用語，指按工作量計酬來雇傭人手employ指商店或公司長期雇傭人手 rent一般指租住/借房屋，地產(chǎn)租借等 He fired these four workers and he hired ten more workers,because he thinks the four workers are not fit for thei posts. hire out a bike(to sb)租出 rent a farm/house from an owner ▲fade vt.（使）褪色，（使）凋落；vi.逐漸消失，變微弱，變暗淡 The strong sunlight had faded the curtains.強烈的陽光使窗簾變色。 All memory of his childhood faded from his mind. 他所有的童年記憶逐漸從腦海中消失了。 fade next to遜色于 Successful as he is,he fades next to his brother. 盡管他很成功，但和他兄弟相比還是稍顯遜色。 ▲diagnose診斷 He was diagnosed with cancer.他被診斷患了癌癥。 The book diagnoses our present economic ills.這本書切中了我們現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟的時弊。 ▲curiosity Curiosity is part of child’s nature好奇是兒童的天性. Part of the reason for our interest is probably the same curiosity that led Sir Hugh to write the Guinness Book of World Records……(p.4) a curiosity shop古玩店 curious感興趣的，好奇，奇怪 I’m curious to know what she said.我非常想知道她說了什么 She’s always so curious about my work.她總愛打聽我的工作。 It’s curious that he didn’t tell you.他沒有告訴你實在反常。 ▲contact contact sb和……聯(lián)系 be in/out of contact with和……保持/失去聯(lián)系 get in touch with/keep in touch with make contact with the ship by radio用無線電與船聯(lián)系 keep track of/lose track of與……保持聯(lián)系/失去聯(lián)系 keep track of還有：記錄，掌握……的線索，了解……的動態(tài)，看清，聽清等意思 He could not escape because the police kept track of him. 他逃不了的，警察在注意他的行動 To a scientist,the most important thing is knowing he does not lose track of what he is doing.對于一個科學(xué)家來說，最重要的是他清楚自己在做什么。 Please keep track of every cent you spend.請記錄你花掉的每一份錢。 keep an eye on照看；keep faith with對……守信用；keep in mind記住，放在心上 ▲account n.賬戶；解釋，說明；vi.說明……的原因 I bought the bike on account.我賒賬買了這輛自行車。 We could not go on account of the rain.因為下雨我們不能去。 On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals. 不論什么原因游客都不允許用東西喂動物。 It is a matter of great account.這是一件重要的事情。 We must take local conditions into account.我們必須把當?shù)氐臈l件考慮進去。 We must take account of the interests of the State.我們必須考慮到國家的利益。 No one could account for the disappearance of the money. 誰也說不清楚這些錢丟失的原因。 Smokers account for 20 percent of the whole population in the world. 煙民占世界總?cè)丝诘?0%。 ▲attempt attempt to do sth=make an attempt to do sth = make an attempt at doing sth =try to do sth make an attempt on/upon試圖奪取 ▲inspect檢查，視察/檢閱 The customs officer inspected my passport.海關(guān)官員檢查了我的護照。 inspect sb/sb’s head for lice檢查某人頭部有無頭虱 The visiting president inspected the troops.來訪總統(tǒng)檢閱了部隊。 examine/investigate/look into ▲confirm vt.證實，確定；確認，批準 What you say confirms my opinion.你的話證實了我的看法。 The King confirmed me in my possession of the land.國王批準我擁有這片土地。 ▲set down 放下；寫下，記下；規(guī)定 Set down your heavy bags and have a rest. 放下你的重包休息一下。 The bus driver set the passengers down here. 公共汽車司機讓旅客在此下車。 I will set down the story as it was told to me. 我將按告訴我的把這個故事記下來。 The price limits were set down by the government. 價格限度由政府規(guī)定。 set about sth/doing sth開始做/著手做；set aside拔出，把……置于一旁； set back退步，挫折，阻礙，妨礙，使……倒退；set off出發(fā)，啟程，引爆，燃放； set out出發(fā)，，著手/開始(to do)，栽（幼苗）；set up建立，開辦 ▲stand out杰出、突出，顯眼、醒目，堅持、不屈服 The road sign is easy to read because the words stand out. 路標容易認，因為上面的字很醒目。 The students agreed that they must stand out against the decision to cut down the trees. 學(xué)生門一致同意堅決反對砍伐樹木的決定。 stand by在場、支持,stand down退出（競選）、（士兵）撤下崗, stand for代表、表示、主張,stand up站起、經(jīng)久、耐用 ▲achieve one’s goal實現(xiàn)目標 I’ll try to achieve my goal of becoming a scientist.實現(xiàn)做科學(xué)家的目標 ▲in the first place首先、原本、第一 In the first place ,you must think over this plan.首先你必須考慮這個計劃。 ▲in a row Please stand in a row.請站成一排。 This is the third Sunday in a row that it’s rained.這是接連著的第三個星期天下雨了。 ▲apply for About 100 people have applied for the position.大約有100人申請了這一職務(wù)。 其它詞組 1.一本暢銷書 答案：a best-seller 2.從那以來 答案：ever since 3.被分類 答案：be put into categories 4.面積達…… 答案：with an area of 5.導(dǎo)致 答案：lead to 6..創(chuàng)一項新紀錄 答案：set a new record ▲burst vi. 爆裂，突然發(fā)作 It was so cold yesterday that my water-pipes froze and burst. 昨天太冷了，我家的水管都凍裂了。 A rat burst into my room last night.昨天一只耗子竄進了我的房間。 He put too much air into the balloon and it burst.他往氣球中充得氣太多，結(jié)果爆了。 The funny story made the children burst their sides with laughter. 這個有趣的故事使孩子們捧腹大笑。 On hearing the sad news,she burst into tears.一聽到那個悲慘的消息，她就大哭起來。 相關(guān)短語：burst into tears/laughter突然大哭/大笑； burst into song 突然唱起歌來；burst into angry speech大發(fā)雷霆； burst into bloom開花； burst into view/sight景象/奇觀突然出現(xiàn)； burst into the room突然闖入房間； burst out/forth laughing/crying大笑/哭 ▲head down to the park （補充） head for=move toward:He headed straight for the bar.他徑直朝酒吧走去。 head sb/sth off:get in front of sb/sth so as to turn him/it back or aside攔阻 head off a flock of sheep:prevent them from going in the wrong way攔住 ▲familiar adj.熟悉的，通曉的，隨便的，非正式的 French was as familiar to him as English.他通曉法語就像通曉英語一樣。 I’m very familiar with your name.我很熟悉你的名字。 sth./sb.be familiar to sb.某物/某人為某人所熟悉； sb.be familiar with sth./sb.某人熟悉某人/某物 分析課文中的句子（補充）:The X Games are like Olypic Games for sports that are less familiar to us than sports like fottball and basketball.極限游戲比賽就像奧林匹克運動會上有些不如足球和籃球那樣為我們所熟悉的比賽項目一樣。 ▲delight vt. （使）高興，（使）欣喜；n. 快樂，高興 The circus delighted the children.馬戲團使孩子們欣喜。 I have read your letter with delight.我高興地讀了你的信。 He takes great delight in teaching his students.他以教他的學(xué)生為樂。 Your visit last week delighted us.上星期你的來訪使我們很高興。 The news delighted the whole nation.這個消息使全國一片沸騰。 I delighted to read novels.我高興地讀小說。 The old man delighted in doing little things for others.那位老人高興為別人做些小事。 To his great delight,his novel was accepted for publication.使他高興的是，他的小說得到了公眾的認可。 delighted adj.高興的，快樂的 相關(guān)短語：be delighted at 因……而高興；be delighted by/with sth.(sb.)喜歡某物（人）； be delighted to do因做……而高興； be delighted that...很高興…… ▲center on將某人（某物）當作中心或重點 concentrate on專心致志于 類似短語： attend on侍候……，看護……，照料； call on訪問(某人)，號召(to do)； count on依靠……，期待……(sb.to do)；depend on取決于……，依靠……，依……而定； feed on 以……為食，用……喂養(yǎng)；fix one’s eyes on 盯住……，凝視……； go on繼續(xù)，上臺演出(the stage)， keep on(doing) 堅持……； live on靠……生活，以……為食； look on看待(sb.as...)，觀察……，面朝……； wait on 服侍……，招待…… The patient has three nurses attending on him.那位病人有三位護士看護他。 I tried to concentrate my attention on my chemical research.我試圖專心于化學(xué)研究。 She centered her attention on the problem.她把注意力集中在這個問題上。 Unit 2 Crossing limits ▲take possession of占領(lǐng)，占有/get possession of拿到，得到 The capitalist is in possession of a large fortune.那個資本家擁有大宗財產(chǎn)。 A large fortune is in the possession of the capitalist. 大宗財產(chǎn)掌握在那個資本家手中。 ▲in the name of以……的名義，代表 I arrest you in the name of the law.我以法律的名義逮捕你。 The prime minister spoke in the name of the King.部長代表國王講話。 I opened an account in the bank in your name.我以你的名義在銀行開了一個賬號。 He escaped under the name of Tom.他化名為Tom逃跑了 name構(gòu)成的短語： by name用（靠、按）名字，名叫；by the name of名叫……；name after以……命名 ▲masses of/a mass of+countable noun(pl form)/+uncountable noun in the mass總體上，總的說來/the mass of大多數(shù)的/mass education群眾教育/a mass meeting群眾會議 The young dancers worked so hard so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took masses of pictures of them.（許多） ▲be rich in/be poor in Oranges are rich in Vitamin C含有豐富的維生素 a TV play rich in humour 富有幽默的電視劇 ▲do research on a state key project就國家重點工程進行研究 ▲lose the lives of many people/risk their lives ▲alternative Have you got an alternative=another suggestion?你有沒有其它建議？ Caught in the act,he had no alternative/choice but to confess/did nothing but confess. 他被當場抓獲，除了招供別無選擇。 ▲available This was the only available room.這是唯一可以利用的房間。 You will be informed when the book becomes available.這本書有貨時就通知你。 Tickets are available at the box office.票房有票。 ▲equip…with You’d better equip your bike with a head light.你最好在自行車裝個前燈。 They have equipped the army with modern weapons. 他們已經(jīng)為部隊裝備了現(xiàn)代化的武器。 The army has been equipped with modern weapons. （被動語態(tài)） ▲accurate adj.精確的，準確的，正確無誤的 His information was accurate.他的信息很準確。 accurate強調(diào)“精確無誤”。an accurate calculation精確的計算 correct按一定標準沒有差錯。a correct answer正確的答案 right很多情況下可與correct互換，但常有道德上認可的含義.the right course of action正確的行動方針 ▲search for 他們正在村里搜查那個強盜。 They are searching for the robber in the village. They are searching the village for the robber. Cf:The policeman is searching the robber. ▲have contacts with/contact to有接觸/聯(lián)系 ▲find one’s way feel one’s way摸索著走/fight one’s way奮勇前進/force one’s way擠著向前走/wind one’s way曲折前進/make one’s way去……途中/lose one’s way迷路 ▲in exchange for交換，互換 He gave me an apple in exchange for a cake.他給我一個蘋果，換一塊蛋糕。 They were given food and shelter in exchange for work.他們用勞動換取食物和棲身之處。 ▲take sb prisoner逮捕/capture sb 俘獲，捉拿 put sb in prison,take sb to prison,send sb to prison把……關(guān)進監(jiān)獄/throw sb into prison把……投進監(jiān)獄 ▲wander through Arabic countries穿過許多阿拉伯國家 The children wandered around the town with nothing to do.那些孩子無所事事，在街上閑逛。 The boy wandered the neighbourhood,looking for the dog.那孩子走遍了鄰里街坊，找他那條狗。 ▲reach out to sp./reach sp./come to sp.arrive at(in) sp. ▲date from/back to The castle dates back to/dates from the 14th century.這座城堡建于14世紀。 ▲ripe By the beginning of the 15th century the time was ripe for a grand meeting.到15世紀初大型聚會的時機成熟了。 Was the peach ripe or green?那桃子是熟的還是生的？ ▲prosper under a new dynasty在新的朝代下繁榮昌盛(prosperity) The business is prospering.生意興隆。 He wished the young couple a life of happiness and prosperity.他祝這對新人生活幸福，萬事如意。 ▲renew relations with恢復(fù)同…..的關(guān)系 ▲excite one’s curiosity激起……的好奇心 ▲send a message to sb向……發(fā)出邀請/信息 ▲response非洲統(tǒng)治者的反應(yīng)非?？犊甌he response of African rulers are very generous. ▲challenge/at home 明朝朝廷認識到最大的挑戰(zhàn)和機遇是在國內(nèi)。 Ming court belied that its greatest challenges and opportunities were at home. 國內(nèi)外 at home and abroad ▲.various adj. 各種各樣的，不同的 He analysed the various factors.他分析了各種不同因素。 Of all the various ways of cooking an egg,I like boiling best. 在所有做雞蛋的各種方法中，我最喜歡煮的方法。 various,varied都可作“各種各樣的”解，大部分情況下可通用，但varied可表示“正在變化之中的”，a varied life。 ▲.suggest vt. （1）提議，建議。后跟動名詞、that從句（從句中謂語動詞用should do,should可省略） suggest sth.to sb. He suggested the idea to me.他向我提出那種想法。 I suggest going there at once.我建議立刻去那里。 The teacher suggested that we do our homework now.老師建議我們現(xiàn)在就做作業(yè)。 （2）使人想起，暗示 His pale face suggests that he is ill.他的蒼白的臉色表明他病了。 ▲.accomplish vt.達到（目的），完成（任務(wù)），實現(xiàn)（計劃） This task is accomplished by great effort.完成這項任務(wù)花了很大力氣。 He accomplished a great deal during his first year.第一年他就取得了很多成績。 It is the workers who will accomplish this task.就是工人們將完成這項任務(wù)。 accomplish指做到底，實現(xiàn)一個計劃，如：to accomplish a trip完成一次旅行 finish指完成日常的事，如：He finished the homework.他完成了作業(yè)。 complete指加上缺少的部分，如：to complete the sentence把句子補充完整 ▲.apart from 除……外 He works until nine o’clock every evening,and that’s quite apart from the work he does over the weekend. 他每天晚上工作到9點,這還不算他周末加班。 Apart from the salary,it’s not a bad job.除工資（偏低）外，這工作不錯。 Apart from you and me,I don’t think there was anyone there under thirty.除你我之外，我認為沒有人在30歲以下。 There can be no knowledge apart from practice.不可能有脫離實踐的知識。 歸納拓展：apart from，in addition（to），besides ，as well（as），except for，except，but （1）apart from這個復(fù)合介詞兼有“除外”和“包括”的雙重意義。 （2）以下短語或單詞意義相近，均表示“除……之外還有……”這一“附加”意義。 in addition（to） besides，as well （as） （3）以下短語或單詞均表示“除……之外沒有……”這一“排除”意義。except for　except　but ▲.arise vi.出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；由……引起，由……發(fā)生 A difficulty arose right here.困難就在這里。 How did the quarrel arise?這次爭吵是怎么引起的？ Originally,organic compounds were thought to arise from life processes.最初有機化合物是由生命過程產(chǎn)生的。 rise vi.升起，上漲；raise vt.舉起，提高，提升，提出；飼養(yǎng)（羊、雞等），撫養(yǎng)（子女等），招募（軍隊等），募捐（錢等）。 ▲.bring up教育；養(yǎng)育;提出；引出;嘔吐；to bring up the question提出問題 She was brought up by her grandparents.她是由爺爺奶奶帶大的。 He brought up all the food he had eaten.他把吃下的食物都嘔吐出來了。 歸納拓展：bring in獲利；賺;bring about帶來,引起;bring down使……降低 The boys bring in ￡60 a week.這些男孩子每周賺60鎊。 How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?去年副業(yè)使這家農(nóng)戶增加了多少收入? The Internet has brought about big changes in the way we work.因特網(wǎng)使我們的工作方式發(fā)生了很大變化。 We’d better wait till they bring down their prices.我們最好等他們降價。 ▲.run out of 用光，用盡 We are running out of water.我們的水要用盡了。 We ran out of petrol yesterday.昨天我們用光了汽油。 比較：All our supply of food has run out.我們所有的食品供應(yīng)都用光了。 We decided we had better go home,before our money ran out.我們決定最好在錢用光之前回家。 表示“用光、用盡”的還有：use up,give out All those I had are used up.我所有的都用光了。 They have used up their money.他們用光了錢。 The fuel gave out.燃料用光了。 You can’t have a hot bath—the water will give out.你不能洗熱水澡了。要沒水了。 從以上例子可看出，雖然這些詞組都表示“用光、用完”，但use up,run out of 為及物動詞，而run out,give out為不及物動詞。 歸納拓展:run into遇上，偶然遇到;陷于，碰上（困境、麻煩等） I ran into Emma on my way home.我在回家的路上碰到了Emma。 If you run into difficulties,try to overcome them.如遇困難，要努力去克服。 Unit 3 The Land Down Under 1. Modern Australia is made up of six states and two territories現(xiàn)代澳大利亞是由六個州兩大區(qū)組成的 be made up of =consists of 由……組成 The Grade Three in our school is made up of 17 classes.我們學(xué)校高三年級是由17個班級組成的。 17 classes make up the Grade Three in our school. The solar system is made up of a star and nine plants. 太陽系是由一個恒星和九個行星組成的。 make up 和解,和好; 虛構(gòu),編造; 化妝; 補償,彌補; 湊錢 It is very hard to make up the quarrel between the couple.很難調(diào)解這對夫婦之間的爭吵。 Don’t make up any excuse to cheat me.不要找任何借口來欺騙我。 I find no time to make myself up every day.梳妝打扮 Because you were ill, you will have to make up the final exam.補期末考試 Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence/the lost time. 彌補智力上的缺乏/損失的時間(用其他方式) Have you made up the money for your class? 湊錢 2. Australia is surrounded by many oceans.澳大利亞周邊有兩大洋 surround 包圍 surround sb./ sth. with sth They have surrounded the town with troops.他們出動軍隊包圍了該城。 surround 常用于被動語態(tài)中 “被……包圍 The house is surrounded by/with high walls.房子周圍有高高的圍墻。 When he came back ,he found himself surrounded by his family and friends.當他蘇醒后，發(fā)現(xiàn)他周圍站著他的家人和朋友。 surroundings (周邊環(huán)境) environment (與人類相對的環(huán)境) 3. but the capital of Australia is Canberra,a city located between Sydeny and Melbourne ……但是澳大利亞首都卻在堪培拉，一座位于悉尼和墨爾本之間的城市 located=lying=standing 4.Six of the points represent the states and the seventh stands for all the territories.六個角代表六個州，第七個角代表區(qū)。 represent 代表,象征; 表現(xiàn); 描繪,塑造; 聲稱 In a love song ,people will tell his lover that the moon represents his heart.月亮象征他的心 I’d like to thank you representing my whole family.我代表我的全家謝謝您。 =I’d like to thank you on behalf of my whole family. The girl representing all the new students gave us a speech on the school opening ceremony. 那個女孩代表所有新生在開學(xué)典禮上講了話。 He represented himself as a wealthy man, but in fact he was as poor as a church mouse.聲稱自己是個健康的人而其實 representative n.代表 adj.典型的, 有代表性的 stand for 象征,代表; 支持; (多指代字母、符號等的替代作用) What does WTO stand for? WTO代表什么？ It stands for World Trade Organization Before we elect him, we want to know what he stands for. 5.These peoples came to the continent at least fifity thousand years ago and created complex societies. 這些來自不同民族的人至少在五萬年之前就來到這塊大陸，而且創(chuàng)建了復(fù)雜的社會群體。 people 的含義 相當于persons (一個以上的人) There are many people in the room 指persons in general 人們。What will people think of this?人們將如何看待這件事？ 指all the ordinary members of a state 人民（與the連用）serve the people heart and soul 指those persons who live in a particular place or have a particular nationality 某一地的居民或具有某一國籍的人民。the people of London 倫敦居民，the British people 英國人民 指nation (民族)，race （人種），tribe (部落)等，此時people為單數(shù)，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為peoples the peoples of the world 世界各民族；Europe is made up of many peoples. 典型例題：The Chinese people are a hardworking and brave people.中國人民是勤勞勇敢的人民。 6.live in a similar way to their ancestors……過著與他們祖先相似的生活 A be similar to B 。。。和。。。相類似 My new dress/bike is similar to the one you have. 我的新衣服和你的那件相似。 8.while others live in cities,towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians……而另外一些人像其他澳大利亞同胞一樣住在城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村。 ▲fellow n.（常用復(fù)數(shù)，用以構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞）同伴；同志 school fellows同學(xué) bed fellows同床者 Her fellows share her interest in computers.她的同伴跟她一樣對計算機感興趣。 adj.同伴的；同類的；同事的 fellow creatures 同類動物 fellow countryman 同胞 fellow traveler旅伴；同路人 口語中有時指“男人；小伙子” Poor fellow!可憐的小伙子！ ▲while 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示的時間只能是一段時間，而when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句表示的時間可以是時間點，也可以是時間段。 They arrived while we were having dinner.他們來的時候我們正在吃飯。 表示對比，意為“而，但是”。 He is a worker while I am a doctor.他是工人而我是醫(yī)生。 表示“盡管，雖然”，多放于句首。 While I understand what you say,I can’t agree with you.盡管我能理解你所說的，但卻無法贊同。 表示“只要”。 There will be life while there is water and air.只要有水和空氣，就會有生命。 9.In 1770,Captain Cook claimed the east coast of the continent for the British Crown.1770年庫克船長生稱這個大陸的東海岸屬于大不列顛王國。 claim vt. & n. n.(根據(jù)權(quán)利提出)要求, 要求權(quán), 主張, 要求而得到的東西，vt.(根據(jù)權(quán)利)要求, 認領(lǐng), 聲稱, 主張, 需要，索賠 You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.貨物有損壞，可以要求退錢。 Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident?汽車出了事故后你向保險公司索賠了嗎？ I claimed the coat that the teacher found. 我認領(lǐng)了老師找到的外套。 Has anyone claimed the watch? 有人認領(lǐng)這塊手表嗎？ He claimed that he hadnt done it, but I didnt believe him. 他聲稱沒有做這件事，可是我不相信他。 He claimed that he had done the work without help.他聲稱沒有得到幫助而完成了這項工作。 Don’t claim to know what you don’t know.不要不懂裝懂。 Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.漁夫和水手有時聲稱看到過海里的妖怪。 10. Later, when the American War of Independence made it impossible for England to send prisoners to North America, Australia was chosen a new place where prisoners and criminals were sent.后來，美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭使得英國不能向北美輸送囚犯，于是澳大利亞被選為一個新的囚犯和罪犯的流放地。 11.The British Governor landed on January 26,today as Australia Day. 英國總督于1月26日登陸，這一天就是現(xiàn)在的澳大利亞日。 The Constitution governing six states stated that men were free and equal, explained their basic civil rights and described the new government.當時統(tǒng)治六個州的憲法表明人是自由平等的。它還說明了人民的基本權(quán)利，也描述了當時的新政府。 統(tǒng)治；控制，治理 In Britain elected representatives of the people govern the country. 在英國治理國家的是民選的代表。 支配某事物；決定 Self-interest governs all his actions. 他的所作所為皆取決于一己之利。 n.government 統(tǒng)治；控制；支配 州長；省長；總督someone who rules a state or province 12.The newcomers changed the way land was managed and introduced new plants and animals that were harmful to the Aistralian ecosytems. 新來的這批人改變了這里的土地管理方式。引進了新的植物和動物，這些動植物破壞了澳大利亞的生態(tài)系統(tǒng) be harmful to/do harm to/harm sb.or sth 13. As a consequence,the original Australians suffered. 結(jié)果原來的澳大利亞人吃盡了苦頭。 as a consequence 結(jié)果，后果 as a consequence= in consequence/as a result After graduation, he became quite lazy. As a consequence, he lost what he owned. 畢業(yè)后，他變得懶惰起來，結(jié)果失去了自己所有的一切。 in consequence of =as a result of/because of/due to/owing to In consequence of his rudeness, he was fired by his boss.由于他的粗魯，他被老板開除了。 14.Many Aborigines and Islanders were moved had their land taken away from them許多土著居民和島民被遷走了，他們的土地被剝奪了。 have+賓語+done過去分詞作賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu) 15.I