必修4 Unit 2 Working the land教案

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1、必修4Unit2Workingtheland林燕玲2014.4.18I單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)技能目標(biāo)SkillGoalsTalkaboutagriculture:apioneerinfarming-YuanLongpingTalkaboutorganicfarming&greenfoodHowtowriteabriefsummaryTrytoconsolidatehowtoexpresssuggestions&adviceMastertheusageofthe-ingformasthesubjectandobjectLearnhowtodesignEnglishpostersII.目標(biāo)語言Talkabo

2、uttheimportantpeople,historyandmethodsofagriculture.功能句式詞匯Whatdofarmersusuallydointhefields?Howtogrowrice?Whomadeagreatcontributiontosolvingtheproblemofhunger?Practicehowtopersuadeotherstobuygreenfood.YouneedtoTheadvantagesareIdpreferbecauseWhatstheadvantageof?ItsbettertoItsmoreexpensivebutIdontlike

3、becauseIdratherThisisgoodvaluebecause1四會詞匯hunger,sunburn,struggle,super,output,expand,circulate,satisfied,equip,freedom,violin,motorcycle,grain,export,suitable,chemical,confuse,mineral,reduce,supply,bacteria,pest,level,whatever,summary,exchange,nutrition,certain2認(rèn)讀詞匯Hybrid,strain,sorghum,peanut,pers

4、onality,organic,fertilizer,soybean,producer,industrial3詞組rid.of,besatisfiedwith,leada.life,wouldrather,referto,searchfor,thanksto,ratherthan,withthehopeof.語動詞的-ing形式作主語和賓語的用法LearntouseTheingformasthesubjectandobject.第1頁共17頁法重點(diǎn)句子課時安排1.TheingformasthesubjectSincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhi

5、slifegoal.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.2.TheingformastheobjectAsayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.1.However,hecareslittleaboutspendingthemoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortabl

6、elife.2.Hisotherhobbiesincludeplayingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.3.Wishingforthings,however,costsnothing.P104.Italsoreferstocropsgrowingwithnaturalratherthanchemicalfertilizers.5.Puttingthisintheirfields,theyargue,makesthesoil.P136.Thisisimportantbecausedevelopingahealthysoilreducesdiseases.P137.How

7、ever,usingchemicalfertilizersisabigproblem.P138.Instead,organicfarmersinsistonchangingcropseverytwoorthreeyears.P149.Theseputthemineralsbackintothesoil,makingitrichandhealthy.P1410.makesurethatwhatisleftinthegroundafterharvestingbecomesa.P1411.Headvisedfarmerstoclearweedsfromthegroundbeforeplantingc

8、rops.12.Hesuggestedchangingcropsinthefieldeveryyear.P52Periodsneeded:8periodsPeriod1-2.Newwordslearning&Warmingup&ReadingPeriod3-4Importantlanguagepoints.Period5-6Usinglanguage:Extensivereading&writingPeriod7GrammarPeriod8Sumup&Exercises分課時教案Period1-2.Newwordslearning&Warmingup&Reading一、Teachingaims

9、Knowledgeaims:1.Letthestudentslearnandgraspnewwordsandexpressionsofunit5.2.EnableSstolearnmoreaboutagriculture,countrysideandfarming.3.Enablethestudentstoknowthemainideaofthepassage.Abilityaims:Developthestudentsreadingabilityandletthemlearntousesomereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.E

10、motionalaims:第2頁共17頁1.Letthestudentstreasurewhatwehavenow,includingrice,friendshipandsoon.2.Developthestudentsspiritofcooperationandteamwork.二、Teachingimportantpoints1.Talkabouttheproceduresofgrowingrice.2.Discusstheimportanceofrice.3.Letthestudentsknowthemainideaofthepassage.三、Teachingdifficultpoin

11、ts1.Understandhowtogrowrice.2.Discussthequestion:Whatwilllifebelikeifwehavenofoodtoeat?四、Teachingmethods1.Skimmingandscanning2.Asking-and-answeringactivity3.Individual,pairorgroupworktofinisheachtask.4.Discussion.五、TeachingproceduresStep1.Newwordslearningand1.Askthestudentstopronounthenewwordsofthis

12、unitandcorrectsomeofthem.2.Thewholeclassreadthenewwordsaftertheteacher.3.Thewholeclassreadthenewwordstogether.Step2.Lead-inWarmingUp1.Haveyoueverbeentosuchaplace?Whatdidfarmersusuallydothere?-Farmersgrowricethere.2.Doyouknowhowtogrowrice?Plowthefields,growsomeyoungplants,inserttheyoungplantsintothef

13、ields,spraytheagriculturalchemicals,harvestT:Thatishowthericecomesfrom.Wehavelearntapoemaboutgrowingrice.Doyouremember?S:LishenMinNonT:Yes,yougetit!Thenshowthemthepicturesaboutthepoem:pFarmersweedingatnoon,pSweatdownthefieldsoon.pWhoknowsfoodonatray,pDuetotheirtoilingday.Step3.Pre-reading1.Discussio

14、nGettheSstodiscussthequestions:第3頁共17頁Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappeniftomorrowtherewassuddenlynoricetoeat?Suggestedanswer:starvetodeath.2.Conclusion:Suggestedanswer:Riceplaysanimportantroleinourlife.Weshouldtreasureitandfindmorewaystoproducemorerice.3.Doyouknowhowtosolvethisproblem?Andwhomadeagreatcontri

15、butiontosolvingthisproblem?Suggestedanswer:YuanLongpingStep4.Reading:Apioneerforallpeople1.SkimmingTask1:Listentothetapeandtrytofillinthefollowingblanks.Name:YuanLongpingAge:84(asof2014)Nationality:ChineseOccupation:scientist/farmerEducation:graduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953Dream:toexp

16、orthishybridricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobeAchievement:in1973,developedhybridricewhichproduces20%morethannormalriceHobbies:listeningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.Task2:AccordingtotheexerciseoneonPage11,sumupthemainideaofthepassage.Summary:YuanLongping,anordinarypersonbutafamo

17、usscientist,hasbeenworkinghardtoincreasericeharvestwithoutexpandingtheareaofthefield,helpingChinaaswellastheworldgetridofhunger.2.ScanningTask3:FinishtheexercisesbookPage27Task2金版學(xué)案學(xué)生用書27頁1.WhydoesYuanLongpingworktheland?A.Becausehewasbornintoafarmersfamily.BBecauseheneedstodohisresearchonfarming.CB

18、ecauseheisinterestedinfarming.DBecausehehasaslimandstrongbody.2.Accordingtothetext,in1950,Chinesefarmerscouldproduceonly_tonsofrice.A.20B.200C.56D.5003.ThefollowingareallYuanLongpingshobbiesEXCEPT_.A.ListeningtoviolinmusicB.SwimmingandreadingC.Playingmah-jongD.Smokinganddrinking4.HowdoesYuanLongping

19、sfeelaboutmoney?A.Toomuchmoneycanonlybringmoretroublesthanhappiness.B.Onehastoownalargesumofmoney.C.Moneyisnotimportantatall.D.Onehastospendallhismoneyonhisownresearch.5.Thewholepassagemainlytalksabout_.A.howtosovletheworldshungerproblemB.howtoincreasericeharvests.第4頁共17頁C.YuanLongpingsachievementsi

20、nfarmingD.YuanLongpingsdailylifeSuggestedanswers:BCDACStep5.DiscussionsWhatadvantagesanddisadvantagesdoyouseeinYuanLongpinglife?Wouldyouliketohavealifelikehis?Whyorwhynot?Step6.Homework1.Copythenewwordsandlearnthenewwordsbyheart.2.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisperiodbyheart.Period3-4Lang

21、uagepoints一、TeachingaimsKnowledgeaims:1.Getthestudentstolearnandgraspsomeimportantnewwordsandexpressions.2.Getthestudentstounderstandsomeusefulsentencepatterns.TheingformasthesubjectSincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylitt

22、letohim.TheingformastheobjectAsayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmah-jong,swimmingandreading.Abilityaims:1.Enablethestudentstousesomeusefulwordsandexpressionscorrectly.2.Enablethestudentstolearnhowtounderstandnewwords,expressionsanddifficults

23、entencesaccordingtothecontext.Emotionalaims:Developthestudentsspiritofcooperationandteamwork.二、TeachingimportantpointsEnablethestudentstograsptheusagesofsomeimportantnewwords,expressionsanddifficultlongsentences.三、TeachingdifficultpointsHowtoenablethestudentstograsptheusagesofsomeimportantnewwordsan

24、dphrasesandunderstandsomedifficultlongsentences.四、Teachingmethods1.Discussing,summarizingandpracticing.2.Cooperativelearning.五、TeachingproceduresStep1.Lead-in1.Askthestudentstoreadthenewwordstogether.2.Askthestudentstoreadthepassageparagraphbyparagraph.Step2.Languagepoints1.strugglev.掙扎;努力;拼搏;斗爭第5頁共

25、17頁n.(為爭取自由、政治權(quán)利等而進(jìn)行的)斗爭,奮斗常用結(jié)構(gòu):strugglewith與斗爭strugglefor為爭取而斗爭struggleagainst與斗爭;為反對而斗爭struggletodosth.(=makegreateffortstodosth.)努力做某事struggletoonesfeet掙扎著站起來eg:Shestruggledtokeepbackthetears.她努力忍住淚水。Itwasahardstruggletogetmyworkdoneontime.為使工作按時完成,我做了一番努力。易混辨析struggle/fightstruggle指較長時間的、激烈的斗爭,往

26、往指肉體及精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。fight意為“搏斗,打斗,打架”,表示“斗爭”時,包含體力和勇猛的因素。高手過招學(xué)案學(xué)生用書P19(1)完成句子我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助那些仍在為獨(dú)立而斗爭的人們。Weshouldhelpthosewhoarestill.他們得和各種各樣的困難作斗爭。Theyhadto.(1)strugglingforindependencestrugglewith/againstallkindsofdifficulties2.hungern.饑渴,饑餓vi.渴望,欲望hungryadj.饑渴的,饑餓的常用結(jié)構(gòu):dieofhunger餓死satisfyoneshunger充饑hungerfors

27、th渴望某物高手過招學(xué)案學(xué)生用書P19完成句子(1)Mostchildrenhungerforbooks.(2)Theyweremiserablewithhungerandcold.3.disturbingadj.引起煩惱的;令人不安的disturbvt.打擾;弄亂;使不安disturbedadj.心神不寧的eg:Someviolentscenesareverydisturbing.一些暴力場面著實(shí)令人很厭煩。4.expandv.擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)展;增加;增長;(使)膨脹;闡述;使變大常用結(jié)構(gòu):expand.into.將擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成expandon闡述;詳談Heisthinkingofexpandin

28、ghisbusiness.第6頁共17頁他在正考慮擴(kuò)大他的生意。Intenyearsthecityspopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中,該市人口增加了百分之十二。聯(lián)想拓展expansionn.展開;膨脹;擴(kuò)展expansiveadj.廣闊的;易膨脹的易混辨析expand/extend/spread/stretchexpand意為“展開,擴(kuò)大”,不僅指尺寸的增加,還可指范圍和體積的擴(kuò)大。extend意為“伸出,延伸”,指空間范圍的擴(kuò)大,以及長度,寬度的向外延伸,也可指時間的延長。spread意為“傳播;蔓延;鋪開”。一般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍,如傳播(疾病),散布(信息

29、)等。stretch意為“伸展(身體等),拉長;連綿”,一般指由曲變直,由短變長的伸展,不是加長。高手過招選詞填空(expend/extend/spread/stretch)Thefiresoontothenearbyhouses.ThetouristseasonfromMaytillOctober.Aballoonwhenitisblownup.Thecatoutinfrontofthefire.答案:spreadextendsexpandsstretched5.circulatev.循環(huán),交流circulationn.循環(huán),流通,發(fā)行額circulativeadj.循環(huán)的,促進(jìn)循環(huán)的,流通

30、的eg:Peoplewhocirculatefalsenewsaretobeblamed.6.thanksto由于;多虧(有時用作反語);因?yàn)門hankstoyourhelp,weweresuccessful.由于你的幫助,我們成功了。Thankstoyou,Iwassavedfromdrowning.多虧你,我才沒被淹死。Thankstothebadweather,thematchhadbeencancelled.多虧了這倒霉的天氣,比賽被取消了。(反語)聯(lián)想拓展金版學(xué)案學(xué)生用書P20表示“因?yàn)?,由于”的短語還有:becauseof,owingto,onaccountof,dueto,asa

31、resultof。溫馨提示以上這些都是介詞短語,因此后面可以跟名詞或動名詞而不可以跟從句。7.battlevt&vi搏斗;奮斗n.戰(zhàn)役;戰(zhàn)斗;斗爭搭配:battleagainst與戰(zhàn)斗battlefor為而戰(zhàn)eg:Manysoldiersdiedinthatbattle.很多士兵在那場戰(zhàn)役中陣亡了。第7頁共17頁8.rid.of擺脫;除去Youshouldridyourselfofthatbadhabit.你應(yīng)該改掉那個壞習(xí)慣。聯(lián)想拓展beridof擺脫getridof擺脫;除掉;去掉ridoneselfofdebt還清債務(wù)breakawayfrom擺脫;放棄Youmustbreakawayf

32、romsuchabadhabit.你必須改掉這樣的壞習(xí)慣。Itwontbelongbeforewecanbe/getridofthepestaltogether.不用太久,我們就能把這種害蟲消除干凈。高手過招同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(原創(chuàng))Couldyouridyourselfofthebadhabitofsmoking?Couldyouthebadhabitofsmoking?答案:getridof9.besatisfiedwith對感到滿意eg:Imnotsatisfiedwiththewayhecutmyhair.10.wouldrather寧愿,寧可聯(lián)想拓展wouldrather.than.是常用句

33、式,意為“寧可(愿)(而)不要(愿)”wouldrather從句時,從句要用虛擬語氣,用動詞的過去時表示。wouldratherhavedone本想做(而實(shí)際上未做)Idratheryoudidnt.(常用來委婉拒絕別人)我希望你不要。HewouldratherstayathomewatchingTV.他寧愿待在家里看電視。Idrathernotgothere.我寧愿不去那里。Idratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.我寧愿你明天來而不是今天來。Idratherhavemadeatelephonecalltohimyesterday.我昨天本想給他打個電話的。高手過招單

34、項(xiàng)填空Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?Whichdoyourself?(201001江西南昌檢測)A.doyouratherB.wouldyouratherC.willyouratherD.shouldyouratherIdratherthebasketballmatchlastnight.Otherwise,Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperworkbynow.(201001江蘇徐州檢測)A.nothavewatchedB.notwatch第8頁共17頁C.hadntwatchD.haventwatch解析:選B??疾閣ouldratherdosth

35、.這一結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。而do,will和should都不能與rather搭配。wouldrather(not)dosth.意為“寧愿(不愿意)做某事”。解析:選A。wouldrathernothavedone意為“本不想做(實(shí)際卻做了)”。后一句句意為:否則我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成了我的文件。所以前句表示“本不想看球賽卻看了”,故選A。11.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而eg:Theresstillmuchtodiscuss.Weshall,therefore,returntothisplanatournextmeeting.要討論的問題還有很多。所以,我們將在下次會議中再討論這個計(jì)劃。注意:t

36、herefore較為正式,常用于數(shù)學(xué),邏輯和其他精細(xì)的推論中,尤其表示嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)耐评?;so用于簡潔的會話和日常的文體中。12.equipvt.&vi.配備;裝備equipmentn.裝備,設(shè)備,不可數(shù)名詞常用結(jié)構(gòu):equipsb./sth.with用武裝某人;用裝備某物equipsb./sth.for為而武裝某人;為而裝備某物apieceofofficeequipment一件辦公設(shè)備eg:Yourtrainingwillequipyouforyourfuturejob.13.exportvt.&vi出口exportn輸出;出口(不可數(shù)名詞)exportern.出口物,輸出者,出口公司exporta

37、tionn.輸出importvt.&vi進(jìn)口importationn.輸入eg:Weexportricebutimportbeans.14.regretvt遺憾;惋惜n.遺憾;懊悔搭配:regretdoingsth后悔做了某事regrettodosth對做某事感到遺憾eg:Iregretspendingsomuchmoneyonacar.Step3.Sentencefocus重點(diǎn)句型1.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1974年,他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)

38、先鋒。不定式放在表示次序的詞thefirst,thelast,thebest以及theonly,thevery,theright等詞后面,且這些詞與動詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,結(jié)構(gòu)為:thefirst/last/best/only/very/right.+n.+todosth.表示“第一個/最后一個/最好的一個/唯一的/恰好的/合適的做某事的人/物”。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.他總是第一個來并且最后一個離開。Thelastmantoleavethesinkingshipwasthecaptain.最后一個離開正在下沉的船的那個人是船長

39、。高手過招單項(xiàng)填空HeisthelastpersontoMarysbirthdayparty.(原創(chuàng))第9頁共17頁A.toinviteB.tobeinvitedC.invitedD.beinginvited解析:選B??疾椴欢ㄊ阶鞫ㄕZ的用法。當(dāng)名詞前面有序數(shù)詞或last,next等詞修飾時,名詞后面多用不定式作定語。如NewZealandwasthefirstnationinmoderntimestoallowwomentovote.新西蘭成為現(xiàn)代史上第一個允許婦女有選舉權(quán)的國家。2.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceasl

40、argeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子,農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法:Abe倍數(shù)asadj.asBAbe倍數(shù)比較級thanBAbe倍數(shù)(由某些形容詞變化而來的)n.ofBImnotgoingoutwithamanwhostwiceasoldasme.我不愿意和一個年紀(jì)比我大一倍的男人一起參加社交活動。Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleasexpected.來的人超過我們預(yù)料人數(shù)的兩倍。Yourenothalfascleverasyouthinkyouare.你可不像自己想像的一半那么聰明。Step4.Homework1.FinishofftheWorkb

41、ookexercises.2.Prepareforthedictation(1)Period5-6Extensivereadingandwriting一、TeachingaimsKnowledgeaims:1Discusswhatdofarmersputintothesoiltomakecropsgrowwell?2.Learnhowtowriteanexposition.Abilityaims:1.Developthestudentsreadingskillsbyextensivereading.2.Enablethestudentstolearnaboutgreenfood.Emotion

42、alaims:1.EnableSstotalkaboutthedifferencebetweenchemicalandorganicfarming.2.Developthestudentsspiritofcooperationandteamwork.二、Teachingimportantpoints1.Developthestudentsreadingskillsbyextensivereading.2.Enablethestudentstolearnaboutorganicfarmingmethods.三、TeachingdifficultpointsEnablethestudentshow

43、towriteanexposition.四、Teachingmethods1.Task-basedteachingandlearning2.Cooperativelearningandpractice3.Discussion五、TeachingproceduresStep1.RevisionReviewthenewwordsandimportantpoints.第10頁共17頁Step2.Lead-in1.Whatdofarmersputintothesoiltomakecropsgrowwell?fertilizer2.Whatsthedifferencesbetweenchemicalan

44、dorganicfarming?(showthemsomepicturestoseethedifferences)Step3Reading1.skimmingTask1Skimthetext,trytogetthemainideaofeachparagraphPara1Long-termuseofchemical_fertilizerscancausedamagetothelandandpeopleshealth.Para2Problems_causedbychemicalfertilizers.Para3Farmersandcustomersturnto_organicfarming.Par

45、a4Othermethodstokeep_thesoilfertile.Task2SumupthemainideaofthepassageChemicalfertilizersmaystopcropdiseases,increaseproductionbutcausedamagetothelandandpeoplewhilefarmingmaykeepthesoilrichandfreefromchemicals.2.Scanning金版學(xué)案學(xué)生用書P23(1)Fromthepassage,wecanseeorganicfarmersarethosewho_.A.growcropswithch

46、emicalfertilizers.B.growcropswithnaturalfertilizersC.produceorganicfertilizersD.carefortheenvironment(2)Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowthat_.A.itsnotgoodtoplantgrassbetweencropsB.peanutsusethesurfaceofsoilC.peasandsoybeansshouldbegrowntogetherwithcornandwheat.D.vegetablesthatputdowndeeprootsareharmful

47、tothesoil(3)Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTtheproblemcausedbychemicalfertilizer?A.Cropdiseasescanbestopped.B.Chemicalsstayinthegroundandundergroundwaterforalongtime.C.Thehelpfulbacteriaandpestsarekilledaswellastheharmfulone.D.Manyofthesefertilizersaredangeroustopeopleshealth.(4)Howmanywa

48、ysdotheorganicfarmershavetokeeptheirsoilfertileandhealthy?A.3B.4C.5D.63.Languagepoints(1)Thesechemicalsinthefoodsupplybuildupinpeoplesbodiesovertime.buildup增強(qiáng);建立;開發(fā)Hardworkingconditionsbuildupcharacter.艱苦的工作條件能磨練人的性格。(2)Manyofthesechemicalscanleadtocancerorotherillnesses.leadto:導(dǎo)致;造成Toomuchworkandto

49、olittlerestoftenleadtoillness.過量的工作和過少的休息會引起疾病。AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大道通羅馬。第11頁共17頁(3)Theyfocusonkeepingtheirsoilrichandfreeofdisease.focuson:集中(注意力,精力等)于Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.把注意力集中在你的工作上。Olympus:Focusonlife.奧林巴斯:瞄準(zhǔn)生活。(4)Ahealthysoilreducesdiseaseandhelpcropsgrowstrongandhealthy.redu

50、cevt.減少;縮??;降低;使陷入某種更糟的狀態(tài)Heistryingtoreduceexpenses.他正試圖減少開支。Wemustgraduallyreducethewagegap.我們必須逐步縮小工資差距。常用結(jié)構(gòu):reducesth.to.減少到reducesth.by.減少了bereducedto淪落為Theshopkeeperreducedthepriceby10.店主把價格降了10美元。Thepoorboyisreducedtobegging.那個可憐的孩子已淪為乞丐。(5)Thisalsokeepstheair,soil,waterandcropsfreefromchemical

51、s.keepsfreefrom/of:使免受(影響,傷害登);使不含(有害物)keepfrom:阻止;妨礙Ihopeyouwillkeepfromdoinganythingrash.我希望你不要做出任何魯莽的事情來。(6)commentvi.&vt.表達(dá)意見;作出評論n.C&U評論;議論常用結(jié)構(gòu):commenton/aboutsth./sb.對某事/某人進(jìn)行評論makecomments/nocommentonsth./sb.對某事/某人進(jìn)行評論/不進(jìn)行評論Thescandalcausedalotofcomment.這件丑聞遭到很多議論。“Willyouresign,Minister?”“Noc

52、omment!”“部長,您是要辭職嗎?”“無可奉告。”4.PostReading(Writing)exposition(1)ThestructureofthispassagePara1TopicPara2ProblemsPara3AdvantagesPara4Severalmethods(2)writingtipsinthetexta.adverbsRecently,however,therefore;meanwhile;anyhow;thus;otherwise;moreover;besidesetc.b.connectivesinparagraph2first;also;inaddition;first;second;finally;lastbutnotleast,etc.c.severalphrasesfocuson;leadto;keepfrom;buildupd.clausesmakethepassagelogi

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