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車(chē)輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)
4座微型客貨兩用車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（車(chē)架、制動(dòng)系設(shè)計(jì)）
摘要
汽車(chē)制動(dòng)系是保證汽車(chē)及駕駛者生命安全的重要部分，制動(dòng)系是使行進(jìn)中的汽車(chē)減慢速度或者停止運(yùn)動(dòng)。
這次我的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)題目是4座微型客車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（車(chē)架、制動(dòng)系設(shè)計(jì)）。在第二章我主要介紹了制動(dòng)系的概況和設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)滿(mǎn)足的基本要求。第三章主要是制動(dòng)系的類(lèi)型及最后確定的方案，其中列出了幾種可供選擇的類(lèi)型并進(jìn)行了分析、比較最后確定的方案如下：行車(chē)制動(dòng)器：前鼓后鼓，前鼓式制動(dòng)器為雙領(lǐng)蹄式制動(dòng)器，后鼓式制動(dòng)器為領(lǐng)從蹄式制動(dòng)器。第五章主要介紹了制動(dòng)系主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇并進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算，是本設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)的核心部分，其中包括鼓式制動(dòng)器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇，例如：制動(dòng)鼓內(nèi)徑、摩擦襯片寬度和包角、摩擦襯片起始角，同時(shí)對(duì)制動(dòng)力和制動(dòng)力矩分配系數(shù)進(jìn)行了計(jì)算。第四章主要對(duì)駐車(chē)制動(dòng)和應(yīng)急制動(dòng)進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的計(jì)算。第五章介紹的是制動(dòng)器主要零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，如制動(dòng)鼓、制動(dòng)蹄、制動(dòng)底板和制動(dòng)輪缸等。第七章包括制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇和計(jì)算，制動(dòng)管路的分路系統(tǒng)和液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算。第八章列出了車(chē)架的幾種類(lèi)型，分析比較之后，最后確定選用前窄后寬的邊梁式車(chē)架，并且在這一章中對(duì)車(chē)架的彎曲強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了計(jì)算，對(duì)車(chē)架的剛度進(jìn)行了校核。
通過(guò)這一系列的分析、計(jì)算、校核等，這套設(shè)計(jì)方案是可行的。
關(guān)鍵詞：制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)，鼓式制動(dòng)器，應(yīng)急制動(dòng)，車(chē)架
V
THE DESIGN OF 4SEATS MINI DUAL-USE CAR (THE DESIGN OF FRAME AND BRAKE SYSTEM)
ABSTRACT
The brake system is an important part to keep safety for automobile, the purpose of the braking system is to slow down and stop the moving automobile.
My topic in this graduation design is the design of frame and the brake system.In second chapter we mainly introduced something about the brake system and some requests which the brake system should satisfied. The third chapter mainly introduced the type of the brake system and finally determined the plan, in this chapter we listed several kinds to choose, at last we determined the plan through analysis and compare with as follows: In traveling brake system, the former wheels and the rear wheels are drum brake. The drum type brake for collar from foot brake. The fourth chapter mainly introduced the main design parameter’s choice and has carried on the simple computation, and this chapter is the most important part. Including drum type main design parameter choice, For example: The brake drum inside diameter, the width, the angle and the outset angle and so on, simultaneously have carried on the computation to the brake strength and the braking moment distribution coefficient. The fifth chapter mainly said the vehicle to brake on stopping and momentary through simple computation. The brake major parts structural design, like brake drum and brake wheel cylinder and so on were designed in the sixth chapter. Seventh chapter including applies the brake the driving mechanism choice and the computation, the brake line by-pass system and the hydraulic pressure driving mechanism design and the computation. Eighth chapter has listed the frame several kind of types, after the analysis comparison, after finally front determined selects the narrow width side beam plate frame, And has carried on the computation in this chapter to the frame bending strength, has carried on the examination to the frame rigidity.
Through this a series of analysis, computation, examination and so on, this set of design proposal is feasible
KEY WORDS: brake system, drum brake，emergency brake, frame
常用符號(hào)表
—制動(dòng)器因數(shù)
—汽車(chē)承受的總地面制動(dòng)力，N
—汽車(chē)制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)力，N
—輪胎與地面間的附著力，N
—制動(dòng)器摩擦副的摩擦系數(shù)
—汽車(chē)重力，N
—重力加速度,m/s2
—汽車(chē)質(zhì)心高度,mm
—制動(dòng)減速度, m/s2
—汽車(chē)軸距,mm
—汽車(chē)總重量,kg
—制動(dòng)蹄摩擦片與鼓之間的法向力,N
—制動(dòng)蹄的張開(kāi)力,N
—車(chē)輪有效半徑,mm
—制動(dòng)器對(duì)車(chē)輪的制動(dòng)力矩,N/m
—汽車(chē)行駛速度,m/s
—地面對(duì)車(chē)輪的法向力,N
—汽車(chē)制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)力分配系數(shù)
—輪胎與地面間的附著系數(shù)
—同步附著系數(shù)
目 錄
第一章 前言......................................1
第二章 制動(dòng)器概況...............................3
第三章 制動(dòng)器的結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型及選擇...................5
第四章 制動(dòng)參數(shù)選擇及計(jì)算.......................9
§4.1 制動(dòng)器主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)選擇.....................9
§4.2 制動(dòng)力與制動(dòng)力矩分配系數(shù)..................11
§4.3 制制動(dòng)器設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算..........................12
第五章 駐車(chē)制動(dòng)和應(yīng)急制動(dòng)計(jì)算.............16
§5.1 駐車(chē)制動(dòng)計(jì)算..............................16
§5.2應(yīng)急制動(dòng)計(jì)算..............................17
第六章 制動(dòng)器主要零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì).............18
第七章 制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇及計(jì)算.................20
§7.1制動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)形式的選擇....................20
§7.2制動(dòng)管路的分路系統(tǒng).......................20
§7.3液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算..................21
第八章 車(chē)架...................................24
§8.1車(chē)架的功用與要求........................24
§8.2車(chē)架類(lèi)型方案對(duì)比與分析...................24
§8.3橫梁和縱梁的連接.........................25
§8.4車(chē)架的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算.........................26
第九章 總結(jié)..................................31
參考文獻(xiàn).......................................32
致謝.............................................33