DSP發(fā)展、現(xiàn)況及其應(yīng)用中英文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 中英文對照

DSP發(fā)展、現(xiàn)況及其應(yīng)用中英文翻譯 外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 中英文對照"數(shù)字信號處理（Digital Signal Processing，簡稱DSP）是一門涉及許多學(xué)科而又廣泛應(yīng)用于許多領(lǐng)域的新興學(xué)科。DSP有兩種含義：digital Signal Processing（數(shù)字信號處理）、Digital Signal Processor（數(shù)字信號處理器）。我們常說的DSP指的是數(shù)字信號處理器。數(shù)字信號處理器是一種適合完成數(shù)字信號處理運算的處理器。20世紀(jì)60年代以來，隨著計算機(jī)和信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，數(shù)字信號處理技術(shù)應(yīng)運而生并得到迅速的發(fā)展。在過去的二十多年時間里，數(shù)字信號處理已經(jīng)在通信等領(lǐng)域得到極為廣泛的應(yīng)用。數(shù)字信號處理是利用計算機(jī)或?qū)Ｓ锰幚碓O(shè)備，以數(shù)字形式對信號進(jìn)行采集、變換、濾波、估值、增強(qiáng)、壓縮、識別等處理，以得到符合人們需要的信號形式。數(shù)字信號處理是以眾多學(xué)科為理論基礎(chǔ)的，它所涉及的范圍極其廣泛。例如，在數(shù)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，微積分、概率統(tǒng)計、隨機(jī)過程、數(shù)值分析等都是數(shù)字信號處理的基本工具，與網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論、信號與系統(tǒng)、控制論、通信理論、故障診斷等也密切相關(guān)。近來新興的一些學(xué)科，如人工智能、模式識別、神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等，都與數(shù)字信號處理密不可分?？梢哉f，數(shù)字信號處理是把許多經(jīng)典的理論體系作為自己的理論基礎(chǔ)，同時又使自己成為一系列新興學(xué)科的理論基礎(chǔ)。DSP主要應(yīng)用在數(shù)字信號處理中，目的是為了能夠滿足實時信號處理的要求，因此需要將數(shù)字信號處理中的常用運算執(zhí)行的盡可能快，這就決定了DSP的特點和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。適合數(shù)字信號處理的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：DSP包含乘法器、累加器、特殊地址發(fā)生器、領(lǐng)開銷循環(huán)等；提高處理速度的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)：流水線技術(shù)、并行處理技術(shù)、超常指令（VLIW）、超標(biāo)量技術(shù)、DMA等。從廣義上講，DSP、微處理器和微控制器（單片機(jī)）等都屬于處理器，可以說DSP是一種CPU。DSP和一般的CPU又不同，最大的區(qū)別在于：CPU是馮.諾伊曼結(jié)構(gòu)的；DSP是數(shù)據(jù)和地址空間分開的哈佛結(jié)構(gòu)。世界上第一個單片DSP芯片應(yīng)當(dāng)是1978年AMI公司發(fā)布的S2811，1979年美國Intel公司發(fā)布的商用可編程器件2920是DSP芯片的一個主要里程碑。這兩種芯片內(nèi)部都沒有現(xiàn)代DSP芯片所必須有的單周期乘法器。1980 年，日本 NEC 公司推出的PD7720是第一個具有乘法器的商用DSP 芯片。在這之后，最成功的DSP 芯片當(dāng)數(shù)美國德州儀器公司（Texas Instruments，簡稱TI）的一系列產(chǎn)品。TI 公司在1982年成功推出其第一代DSP 芯片 TMS32010及其系列產(chǎn)品TMS32011、TMS320C10/C14/C15/C16/C17等，之后相繼推出了第二代DSP芯片TMS32020、TMS320C25/C26/C28，第三代DSP芯片TMS320C30/C31/C32，第四代DSP芯片TMS320C40/C44，第五代 DSP 芯片TMS320C5X/C54X，第二代DSP芯片的改進(jìn)型TMS320C2XX，集多片DSP芯片于一體的高性能DSP芯片TMS320C8X以及目前速度最快的第六代DSP芯片TMS320C62X/C67X等。TI將常用的DSP芯片歸納為三大系列，即：TMS320C2000系列（包括TMS320C2X/C2XX）、TMS320C5000系列（包括TMS320C5X/C54X）、TMS320C6000系列（TMS320C62X/C67X）。如今，TI公司的一系列DSP產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界上最有影響的DSP芯片。TI公司也成為世界上最大的DSP芯片供應(yīng)商，其DSP市場份額占全世界份額近50。目前，DSP處理器仍被TI、AGERE、ADI等公司占領(lǐng)，產(chǎn)品受外國大企業(yè)控制。國內(nèi)發(fā)展DSP的廠商并不多，而主要的應(yīng)用是DVD與無線電話等產(chǎn)品，因此國內(nèi)DSP的產(chǎn)值并不高。而在產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用上，目前重要的DSP應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品，如移動電話、調(diào)制解調(diào)器等個人計算機(jī)與通訊領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用產(chǎn)品，都是采用國際大廠的DSP 解決方案。DSP技術(shù)應(yīng)用到我們生活的每一個角落，從軍用到民用，從航空航天到生產(chǎn)生活，都越來越多地使用DSP。DSP技術(shù)在航空航天方面，主要用于雷達(dá)和聲納信號處理；在通信方面，主要用于移動電話、IP電話(voice over IP)、ADSL和HFC的信號傳輸；在控制方面，主要用于電機(jī)控制、光驅(qū)和硬盤驅(qū)動器；在測試/測量方面，主要用于虛擬儀器、自動測試系統(tǒng)、醫(yī)療診斷等；在電子娛樂方面，主要用于高清晰度電視(HDTV)、機(jī)頂盒(STB)、AC-3、家庭影院、DVD等應(yīng)用；還有數(shù)字相機(jī)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)相機(jī)等等都應(yīng)用了DSP技術(shù)。同時，SOC芯片系統(tǒng)、無線應(yīng)用、嵌入式DSP都是未來DSP的發(fā)展方向和趨勢?？梢哉f，沒有DSP就沒有對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的訪問，也不會有多媒體，也沒有無線通信。因此，DSP仍將是整個半導(dǎo)體工業(yè)的技術(shù)驅(qū)動力。現(xiàn)在，DSP應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬，其函蓋面包括寬帶Internet接入業(yè)務(wù)、下一代無線通信系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展、數(shù)字消費電子市場、汽車電子市場的發(fā)展等諸多多方面?，F(xiàn)代數(shù)字信號處理器是執(zhí)行高速數(shù)字信號處理的IC電路、它恰好適應(yīng)多媒體信息化社會需求，迅速發(fā)展壯大。如今，世界電子器件市上，各種各樣的DSP器件已相當(dāng)豐富。大大小小封裝形式的DSP器件，已廣泛應(yīng)用于各種產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域，而且DSP的用領(lǐng)域仍在不斷地擴(kuò)大，發(fā)展速度異常。主要應(yīng)用有數(shù)字化移動電話、數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)制解調(diào)器、磁盤光盤控制器需求、圖形圖像處理需求、汽車電子系統(tǒng)等。應(yīng)用DSP的領(lǐng)域可以說是不勝枚舉，電視會議系統(tǒng)里，也大量應(yīng)用DSP器件。視聽機(jī)器里也都應(yīng)用DSP。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，將會出現(xiàn)許許多多的DSP新應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。DSP的開發(fā)工具包括各種仿真軟件、調(diào)試軟件、硬件仿真器、評估板、初學(xué)者實驗套件、教學(xué)套件等。國外有一些DSP的咨詢公司及網(wǎng)站，他們起到DSP用戶和DSP芯片供應(yīng)商、DSP第三方之間的橋梁作用，也會為客戶提供設(shè)計、提供軟件和硬件及出版資料圖書，有些還辦培訓(xùn)班。國內(nèi)也有不少DSP論壇，以便用戶之間進(jìn)行DSP技術(shù)的交流。中國DSP市場增長迅速，在DSP應(yīng)用方面中國一直保持著與國際上DSP技術(shù)同步的態(tài)勢，從DSP芯片面世開始，中國就有單位應(yīng)用、銷售DSP芯片。隨著中國社會數(shù)字化、信息化的進(jìn)展和中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定增長，刺激了電子信息產(chǎn)業(yè)和市場的快速發(fā)展，推動了DSP的廣泛應(yīng)用。DSP Development, the Status and Its ApplicationDigital signal processing (DSP) is involves many disciplines and widely applies in the many domain emerging disciplines. DSP has two kinds of meanings: digital Signal Processing, Digital Signal Processor. We often say that what DSP refers to the digital signal processor. The Digital Signal Processors are suitable for to complete digital signal processing operation of the processor. Since the 1960s, with the computer and the information technologys swift development, the digital signal processing technologies has arisen at the historic moment and obtains the rapid development. In the past more than 20 years, the digital signal processing has widely applied in the field of communication and others.The digital signal processing uses the computer or the special-purpose handling equipment, carries compressing and so on gathering, transformation, filter, estimating, value, enhancement, compression, recognition by the digital form ,to obtain the signal form which the people need.The digital signal processing takes the numerous disciplines as the rationales, whose scope is extremely applied. For example, in mathematics domain, the calculus, the probability statistics, the stochastic process, the numerical analysis and so on. They are the digital signal processing basic tool and they are relating to, the signal and the system, the cybernetics, the correspondence theory, the failure diagnosis and so on. Recently the emerging some disciplines, like the artificial intelligence, the pattern recognition, the neural networks and so on, are inseparable with the digital signal processing. It can be said that digital signal processing takes many classics system infos own rationale, simultaneously causes itself to become a services if emerging disciplines the rationale. The DSP is mainly applied in the digital signal processing, the summing to can satisfy the real-time signal processing, therefore it needs tube digital signal processing operation executing quickly, therefore these have decided the DSP characteristic and the key technologies. The digital signal processings the key technologies: DSP contains multiplier, accumulator, special assures producer, the collar expenses circulation and so on; rises the processing speed the key technologies: assembly line technology, parallel processing technology, very long instruction word, exceeding the allowed figure quantity technology, DMA etc. Broadly speaking, DSP, microprocessor and microcontroller (MCU) belong to the processor, can be said that DSP is a kind of CPU. DSP and general CPU are also different, the biggest difference lies in: CPU is Von Norma structure; while DSP its the data and the address space separated Harvard structure. The commercial programmable component which in the world is the first monolithic DSP chip must be the S2811 issued by AMI Corporation, 1979 which year US Intel Corporation issued 2920 is a DSP chip main milestone. These two kinds of chip interior does not have the monocycle multiplier which the modern DSP chip must have. In 1980, Japans NEC Corp. launched PD7720 is the first of a multiplier of commercial DSP chips.After this, the most successful DSP chip works as the number US Texas Instruments Company (TI)a series of products. TI corporation succeeded in 1982 promotes its first generation of DSP chip TMS3210 and serial products TMS32011,TMS320C10/C14/C15/C16?17 and so on, afterward has promoted second generation of DSP one adder another chip TMS32020,TMS320C25/C26/C28,THIRD GENERATION DSP CHIP TMD320C30/C31/C32,fourth generation of DSP chip TMS320C40/C44,fifth generation of DSP chip TMS320C5X/C54X,second generation of DSP chip advanced version TMS 320C2XX,collection piece of DSP chips in bodys high performance DP chip TMD320C8X as well as present speed quickest sixth generation of DSP chip TMS320C62X/C67X and so on. TI the commonly used DSP chip induction will be three big series, namely: MS320C2000 series (including TMS320C2X/2XX), TMS320C5000 series (including TMS320C5X/C54X), TMS320C6000 series (TMS320C62X/C67X). Now, TI Corporations a series of DSP chip product already became none in the world the most influence DSP chip. TI Corporation also becomes the biggest DSP chip supplier and its DSP market chare occupies the world share nearly 50%.At present, the DSP processor by TI,AGERE, ADI and so on was still seized, the product is controlled the foreign big enterprise. At home the DSP manufactures are not many, but the main application product is DVD and the radio telephone and so on. Therefore the domestic DSP output value is not high. But in the product application, the important DSP application product, like the mobile phone, the modem, personal computer and the communication domain application products all use the international big plant DSP solution.The DSP technology applies corner of our life, from military to civil, the aerospace to the production life.In the aerospace aspect, the DSP technology mainly used in the radar and sonar signal disposals. In the correspondence aspect, mainly used in the mobile phone, Voice Over IP, ADSL and HFC signaling; In the control aspect, mainly used in the motor control, the light driving with the hard disk driver; In the test/survey aspect, mainly uses in the hypothesized instrument tm the automated test system, the medical diagnosis and so on; In the electronic entertainment aspect, mainly used in applications high-definition television (HDTV), set-top boxes (STB), AC - 3, family theater, DVD ;Also the digital camera ,the network camera and so on to apply the DSP technology. At the same time, the SOC chip system, will apply, embedded DSP is wireless the future DSP development direction and the tendency, It can be said if these the DSP there will be few people to browse internet multimedia, also will not have the wireless communication. Therefore, the DSP will still be the entire semiconductor industry technical driving influence. Now, the DSP applications application domain expands unceasingly, its letter screen including wide band internet turning on service, next generation wireless communication systems development, digital expense electron market, automobile electron market development and so on many various. The modern digital signal processor is caries out the high speed figure signal processing IC electric circuit, it to adapt the multimedia informanization society demand exactly, grows strong rapidly. Now, world applied in each product realm of production, moreover DSP unceasingly was still expanding with the domain, the development speed is unusual.The main applications of it is the digitization mobile phone, the data modem, the disk / CD-ROM controller demand, the graph imagery processing demand, the automobile electron system and so on.The using of the DSP domain is too numerous to cite individually. In the TV conference system, use applies the DSP component massively. In the seeing and hearing machine also applies the DSP. Along with science and technology development, it will present many the DSP new application domains.The DSP development kit includes each kind of simulation software, the hardware simulator, the appraisal board, the beginner to test the suite, the teaching suite and so on. Overseas has some DSP Consultant firm and the website, they have the DSP user and the DSP chip supplier, between the DSP third party bridge role, also will provide the design for the customer, to provide the software and the hardware and the publication material books, some will also have the training class. At home there are many DSP forums, so that the user can carry on the DSP technology to the exchange information.With the rapid growth of Chinas DSP market, the DSP application in China has been maintaining the same technology synchronization situation internationally. Along with the Chinese society digitization, the informationization progress continued with the Chinese economy to grown stably has stimulated the fast development of market and the electronic information industry and promoted the DSP widespread application. .此處忽略！