2019-2020年高中英語專項突破 完形填空 詞的感情色彩.doc

2019-2020年高中英語專項突破 完形填空 詞的感情色彩技能考查簡介普通高中課程改革英語學(xué)科教學(xué)指導(dǎo)意見指出：高中英課程的總目標之一是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言運用能力；語言技能和語言知識是綜合語言運用能力的基礎(chǔ)。并因此而著重提高學(xué)生用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力，特別注重提高學(xué)生用英語進行思維和表達的能力；形成跨文化交際的意識和基本的跨文化交際能力。高中英語考試說明的命題要求明確指出：“完形填空考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力和詞匯的綜合運用能力，所選語言材料要有利于考生進行語篇分析，要保證本大題有較好的區(qū)分度?！币虼?，高考完形填空題這種題型的設(shè)置是檢驗課程實施效果的方法之一。該題形要求高中生必須具備快速閱讀理解一篇抽去相當(dāng)數(shù)量詞匯文章的內(nèi)容領(lǐng)悟能力和分析推斷能力，綜合運用所學(xué)語法知識、詞匯辨析能力，常識和邏輯推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交際意識和能力。具體考查技能如下：三、詞匯辨析能力：詞匯辨析能力的考查主要集中在名詞，動詞，形容詞和副詞上，選項往往以同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或拼寫相近容易混淆詞的形式出現(xiàn)。其中，由于篇章中會帶有作者主觀的意識，因此在形容詞或者副詞的考查上會出現(xiàn)感情色彩的辨析。（一）同、近義或者反義辨析詞的感情色彩（六）詞的感情色彩詞的感情色彩：完形填空的文章往往具有一定的感情基調(diào)。而詞匯的褒貶義和中性含義，能夠考查考生對于整篇文章感情色彩的體驗。e.g. Leaping on a narrow balance beam（平衡木）is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. Lola is 54 of all her hard work and success. 54. Aproud B. tired C. ashamed D .confident【解析】考查的感篇章的情基調(diào)。 這個例子中的前兩句為文章的開頭，not easy和an expert at it確定本文的基調(diào)為積極向上的， 另根據(jù)本句中的 all her hard work and success 說明該空格需填褒義詞，因此排除了貶義詞選項B和C，根據(jù)句意選擇A。一、小試牛刀：1、Saltwater hit against her face, making it 50 to breathe.50.A. difficultB. easyC. fortableD. suitable2、I was 14 to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 15 to save my life. “Hollys very 16 to be alive,” they told Mum and Dad.14rushedledinvitedforced15learnedfoughtreturneddecided16happyluckylonelypoor3、Though learning gymnastics has been more 42 for her than for some of her tournaments, she has never quit.42. A. boringB. enjoyableC. differentD. unsatisfactory4、26 , the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our country.26. A. ThankfullyB. Hopefully C. UnfortunatelyD. Strangely5、But he couldnt find his mistress（女主人） anywhere. However, from the ground came a _35_ scent (氣味) as he lowered his head.35. A. terrible B. strangeC. pleasant D. familiar【答案解析】1、【解析】A?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。首先，A項的感情色彩貶義，明顯不同于其他三項；其次，根據(jù)語境可知，浪很大，沖擊著她的臉，因此造成呼吸困難（difficult）。2、【解析】B?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。根據(jù)上一句醫(yī)生在全力搶救生命可知，作者能夠活下來應(yīng)該是很幸運的感情積極，happy和lucky為褒義詞，lonely和poor為貶義詞，根據(jù)語境，B選項正確。3、【解析】A?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。never quit從不放棄，though表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可以推斷出該空格需為消極方面的詞匯，根據(jù)句意，可知A 為正確選項。4、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。本句的意思是：這次干旱的災(zāi)難性影響在全國都能感受得到。這是壞事，該空格應(yīng)為消極方面的詞匯，所以應(yīng)該用unfortunately. 其他三個選項的意思分別是：謝天謝地；滿懷希望地；很奇怪，均與句子的感情色彩不符。5、【解析】D?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。前面的句意為：找不到女主人，however表轉(zhuǎn)折，因而后面要表達為積極含義的句子，該句意是：然而，當(dāng)它低頭聞時，地面上散發(fā)出一種熟悉的氣味。故選D。二、基礎(chǔ)鞏固：1、Another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense.6A. amazingB. annoyingC. satisfying D. disturbing2、Diane slipped into the water and dived 48 until white caps began rolling in and it became harder to 49 against the current (水流)48.A. nervouslyB. sadlyC. shylyD. happily3、Now, I am 30 of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality (個性) that decides who you truly are.30 A. sick B. aware C. tired D. proud4、Learning a new language is never _53_. But with some work and devotion, youll make progress.53. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy5、Today I bee known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very_54_.54.A.proudB. fortable C. strange D. disappointed【答案解析】1、【解析】A?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。根據(jù)本句“interesting”提示可知，這里要表達的是積極的意義。A和C為積極詞匯，B和D為消極詞匯，根據(jù)句意：另一個有意思的實驗也顯示了鳥類的這種令人驚奇的數(shù)字感。故答案為A。2、【解析】D?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。首先，D項的感情色彩明顯不同于其他三項；其次，根據(jù)句意：她達成所愿，因此會潛得很開心（happily）。3、【解析】D?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。D be proud of 為感到驕傲、自豪，B be aware of （意識到），選項A be sick of（討厭）和選項C be tired of （厭倦）。 根據(jù)happier 和 truly 都是表示積極意義的詞匯，故D為正確選項。4、【解析】D。考查詞語的感情色彩和語境。根據(jù)下文“But with some work and devotion, youll make progress”可知前面要表達意思的具有消極意義，故句意為：學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言從來都不容易（easy）。其余三項分別意為：令人厭煩的；困難的，努力的，堅硬的；有趣的，均不符合題意。5、【解析】A?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。be known as 是積極意義詞匯，因此此空要選擇積極意義詞匯，根據(jù)句意：現(xiàn)在作者已經(jīng)成為一名著名的園藝師，使其父母為之自豪。在四個選項中，A選項的詞義符合文意。三、能力提高：1、While traveling was inspring and meeting people was 24 , nothing about my term in France was what I 25 .24. A. boringB. upsettingC. excitingD. promising25. A. expectedB. likedC. doubtedD. feared2、His loving and selfless nature has inspired me to bee more sympathetic and 34 , putting others first.34. A. carefulB. regretfulC. considerateD. humorous3、Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.At that age, I always did something_40_to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found_41_, I would plant a garden!40. A. equal B. similar C. superior D. opposite41. A. painful B. valuable C. upsetting D. interesting4、But on a January night in xx, Inky did 41 that would set her apart from 42 cats forever.41. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything42. A. familiar B. lovely C. ordinary D. outstanding5、I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I m left 36 . Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37 ？36.A. interested B. pleased C. puzzled D. excited【答案解析】1、【解析】C。考查詞語的感情色彩和語境。A. boring無聊的；B. upsetting 令人苦惱的；這兩個為消極詞匯。C. exciting令人興奮的；D. promising有希望的，這兩個為積極詞匯。根據(jù)travelling is inspiring，所以這里meeting people （見到許多人），一定是情感比較積極的，由句意故選項C正確。2、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。A. careful 仔細，小心，C. considerate考慮周到的，D. humorous幽默的，為褒義詞，B. regretful 遺憾的，為貶義詞。句子的意思具有積極含義：他的愛和無私激勵著我更加富有同情心和“更體諒人”，把別人放在前面考慮。解題關(guān)鍵是“putting others first”，這其實就是對considerate的解釋。3、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。從上文可知：作者具有反叛心理，作者想到如果園藝是父母感到煩惱的事，就種植一個花園。在選項中，C選項表示令人煩惱之意，具有消極意義，符合語境。因此，正確答案為C選項。B、D項屬于褒義詞，A項屬于貶義詞，但不符合語境。4、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。set her apart from 讓她從很突出； 可知后面要用到的是中性的或者消極的詞匯。因此，只有C 項符合這個語境。其他選項都屬于褒義詞匯。5、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境misunderstanding or conflict 和 why，可知此處要表達消極意義。只有C. puzzled 困惑為貶義詞，其余選項均為褒義詞。 故C為正確選項。四、終極挑戰(zhàn)：1、Once I 22 that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and 23 friends22. A. approvedB. knewC. warmedD. denied23. A. stubbornB. anxiousC. universalD. interesting2、And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to municate across cultures（文化）.39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult3、my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even_46_at me because found it was _47_to move around my garden to the driveway.46.A.shouted B. laughed C. glanced D. jumped 47.A. convenientB. troublesome C. enjoyable D. dangerous4、He _41_ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was _42_.When she opened her eyes 42. A. awake B. abandoned C. available D. asleep5、They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts.52. A. trappedB. excitedC. confuse D. amused【答案解析】1、【解析】D?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。the fun of foreign travel得知這句話所題內(nèi)容具有積極含義。A. stubborn固執(zhí)的；B. anxious 急切的；C. universal宇宙的；D. interesting有趣的。故選項D正確，表積極意義。2、【解析】C?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。句意：當(dāng)我們進行跨文化交流時，身勢語顯得尤為_。具有積極意義，而此處immediate立刻； misleading 誤導(dǎo)的；important重要的；difficult困難的。只有C 項符合句意的感情色彩。3、【解析】B?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。A和C為褒義詞，B和D為貶義詞，showed no interest 可知情景含有消極意義。句意：作者的父親覺得花擋住了車道，令他煩惱不已。B選項有令人煩惱之意，符合文意。因此，正確答案為B選項。4、【解析】D?？疾樵~語的感情色彩和語境。B. abandoned廢棄的貶義詞，A. awake 醒的，C. available 有空余的， D. asleep 睡著的，均為中性詞。根據(jù)When she opened her eyes，可知此處選D。5、【解析】A。考查詞語的感情色彩和語境。excited意為“興奮的”； amused意為“愉快的”- 褒義詞，confused意為“混亂的，困惑的，糊涂的”； trapped 感到困窘-貶義詞。根據(jù)本句中的“force和unwanted”可知語境包含消極意義，根據(jù)句意：手機還使人們?nèi)烁械嚼Ь剑╰rapped），被迫回答不必要的電話或者回復(fù)不必要的短信。