畢業(yè)設計論文 外文文獻翻譯 中英文對照 機械類 SolidWorks的基礎

SolidWorks basis This chapter points With the PC, and the rapid development of CAD technology, in the past only in workstation environments, UNIX platform 3D design software applications, it is now the ordinary PC platform and the use of the Windows environment, become ordinary designers, engineers design tools. SolidWorks as a Windows environment of mechanical design software, has fully with the Windows user-friendly, simple operation of the characteristics of its powerful design features to satisfy the vast majority of mechanical product design needs. SolidWorks as a three-dimensional design software, a comprehensive parts and assembly modeling capabilities entities, and the model for analysis and processing, which automatically generate engineering drawings. In studying specific operations, it must first be correctly installed software to a computer, and then work with SolidWorks user interface, and by setting options to build a suitable working environment. This chapter includes: 3D design software outlined The main features of SolidWorks Installation and start SolidWorks SolidWorks user interface Set up the working environment of SolidWorks 1.1 Summary of 3D design software CAD software category from the 20th century to the 1960s computer-aided geometric design was mainly to resolve the graphics on the computer display and describe the problem, then gradually raised wireframe, surface, geometric entities such as physical description model. Today, a total experienced the following stage. computer graphics stages: focused on solving computer graphics, surface expression, and other basic issues. technical parameters and characteristics of the stage: resolving CAD data control and modification.intelligent design stages: in the design of integrating more engineering knowledge and rules, to achieve a higher level of the computer-aided design. After 40 years of development, 3D design software has been developed from a simple drawings or product model generation tools, development can provide a wide range of engineering support, covering design intent expression of design standardization, serialization, and design results of the analysis can be created, interfere with the inspection process of judgement, design optimization, and many other aspects. 3D design the model can be converted to support CAE (computer-aided engineering) and CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) applications data format. 3D design these features meet the needs of the project, which have greatly increased the quality of product development and efficiency, greatly reducing the product design and development cycle. At present, large-scale manufacturing enterprises at home and abroad, the 3-D design software has been widely used. American companies such as Boeing use 3D design and related software, in the two and a half years, achieving the 777 non-design drawings. According to the traditional design work, the whole process requires at least four years. The company also works in the implementation of the widely used parallel engineering technology, in the CAD environment with the overall product virtual assembly, the number of correct design errors, thus ensuring that the design process of the short cycle, the outcome of the high-quality design and manufacturing process the fluency. The extensive use of three-dimensional design software can be divided into high-end and mid-range CAD systems, the high-end 3D CAD software mainly I-DEAS, UG, Pro / ENgineeR, CATIA, mid-range 3D CAD system mainly SolidWorks, SolidEdges, MDT, Inventor, etc. The general manufacturing enterprises, and the powerful features of SolidWorks to complete the general design task, and it is its ease of use and efficiency has also aroused the concern of more and more users. 3D design software experience from simple geometric model generation tools to technology to variable control of the product model, ultimately forming a complete enterprise digital process. 3D design software applications greatly enhance the efficiency of product design and development. Compared to 2D design (CAD), the biggest feature of the 3D design feature is the use of modeling techniques and the entire design process related technologies. 3D design software is not only a powerful modeling functions, but also provides a wide range of engineering support. Including a description of the design intent, design and design reuse, such as serialization. 3D design into part design, assembly design and engineering drawings generated three stages. Related to the entire design process, makes any stage revised design will affect the other results of the design stage, thus maintaining the model in a variety of consistency in the design environment, thus improving design efficiency. 1.1.1 Part Design Parts design is the basis of three-dimensional design. Parts are generally in the form of three-dimensional entities, as shown in Figure 1.1 for loading vehicles in the "bucket" model of spare parts. Parts entities from the point of view of modeling, parametric feature-based modeling and 3-D design has become a mainstream technology. In different parts of the processing entity known as the characteristics of different combinations of features on the formation of a three-dimensional solid model parts. Not only has the characteristics of the corresponding projects, but also through the topological relations between the characteristics and timing relations can be flexible control of modeling results. Parts of the three-dimensional solid model, in the design and manufacturing process to achieve the following features. generate engineering drawings parts. parts of the stress analysis and strength check. formed assembly, test the reasonableness of the design. formation of mold parts. generated NC code, direct machining. Figure 1.1 loader "bucket" model parts 1.1.2 assembly design 3D design software assembly is the basic function of one. Figure 1.2 shows the toys "loader" assembly model. In modern design, can make use of the existing three-dimensional model parts will be two or more parts in accordance with certain constraints relationship assembly, formation of virtual product assembly; also can be used to project more in line with the top-down assembly design approach , in the assembly environment, in reference to other parts of the assembly of the location and size of the design of the new parts and assembly. At the same time, the assembly has been expanded to more engineering fields, such as motion analysis, interference checking, etc. 3D design software product assembly environment has become the basis for comprehensive performance verification environment. The use of virtual product assembly model, the following functions can be realized. a product of the true effect maps, verify that the product structure, analysis and design. products generated view of the explosion. the product movement analysis and dynamic simulation depicts moving parts specific point trajectory. the real effect of the product plans for the "conceptual design products." products generated simulation animation, presentation products assembly process. Figure 1.2 toys "loader" assembly model 1.1.3 Engineering Graphics Generation Use of parts and assembly solid model can be automatically generated assembly of parts and 2D engineering drawings. And compared to traditional CAD, 3D design software engineering drawings generated much simpler to operate, only specified model projection direction, insert size, and then details can be set up engineering drawings. Figure 1.3 shows the SolidWorks automatically generated as shown in Figure 1.1 and the "bucket" parts of the corresponding engineering drawings. Figure 1.3 "bucket" Engineering Graphics SolidWorks 1.2 features SolidWorks is a Windows environment of 3D mechanical design software, it has the following characteristics. 1. Simple, easy to learn and use simple interface to facilitate the work. full support for Windows drag copying, and mobile technology for the characteristics of the shear, copy, paste and other operations. use SolidWorks help system can quickly grasp design method. localization using core, the whole Chinese language interface. 2. Clear intuitive dynamic interface dynamic tagging using different colours, and the parameters of the current operation remind designers objects can be marked so that designers are able to set in the graphics features of the relevant parameters; mouse confirmed and rich quick menu design makes very easy parts ; characteristics of the establishment, regardless of what position the mouse pointer, and can be quickly set up a feature. District dynamic graphics preview features make the design process can be easily clear look at the design reasonable. pioneering features Manager will be able to record and process design of a tree FeatureManager design, enables designers can easily achieve management features of the management of spare parts and assembly and modification. dynamic activation attributes Manager can be very easy to attribute the Show Manager, modify such an operation. use of the property managers to reduce the dialog graphics, making the design more concise, crisp. configuration management provides the establishment and revision of the form of parts or assembly operations. 3. Flexible sketching and inspection functions sketching state and characteristics have tended to define clearly marked, allowing designers easily identify the current operating state. sketching easy to use click - click or click - Drag draft drawn in two ways, in line with the general design habits. make sketches in the process of dynamic feedback and reasoning can be automatically added geometric constraint conditions, the draft of the use of different colors to distinguish the definition of reality draft status. can drag yuan draft plans to change graphics and numerical size and geometry. drawing can be used for pipeline design or scan three-dimensional characteristics of the draft. 4. Powerful feature-based modeling of parts and assembly control powerful solid modeling functions. can easily achieve the dynamic characteristics and the draft revision. function of the sheet metal-forming tools makes use of simple drag function can establish sheet metal parts used shape. use Feature Palette window, simply drag characteristics can be set up quickly; management and use of the feature is very convenient. use of spare parts and assembly configurations can be achieved not only the existing design, build enterprise portfolio, but also enables the design of products. driven by Excel software components and configuration automatically generated assembly configuration. use of the light assembly functions can be quickly and efficiently to deal with large-scale assembly. can be animated and dynamic view of the assembly assembly movement. achievable in the assembly of intelligent assembly, the assembly can also be dynamic interference checking and clearance testing, as well as static interference checking. system provides both the bottom-up assembly, also provides top-down assembly method. This method allows engineers to assembly in the assembly in reference to the environment in other parts of the assembly of the location and size of the design of new parts, more in line with projects habits. 5. Dynamic model associated engineering drawings generation capabilities use RapidDraft (Drawing) engineering drawings, engineering drawings and can be three-dimensional model of a separate operation, so as to speed up the operation of engineering drawings. can always maintain a three-dimensional model with the view of the shape and size of the entire relationship. 3D model can be automatically generated view of the project. flexible view of operations, can generate projection view and cross-section of local enlarged view. 6. Easy data exchange through standard data formats and other CAD data exchange software. provide diagnostic data input function, which allows users to input geometric entities in the implementation of simplified, model error, as well as re-established remove redundant topology. to provide a free plug-in the form of the data interface can be easily with other 3D design software (such as Pro / ENGINEER, UG, MDT, SolidEdges, etc.) data exchange. DWG / DXF file conversion wizard can be established by other software engineering graphics file conversion of engineering drawings into SolidWorks document. 3D model can be exported into standard data formats, engineering drawings can also be output as DWG / DXF file format. 7. Supported collaborative work 3D Meeting is based on Microsofts NetMeeting technology developed specifically for SolidWorks design staff to work together to provide the environment. 3 D Meeting can be used through the network of real-time collaborative work. support Web directory, design data can be stored in the folder, as in the local hard disk storage as easy. 8. Facilitate the development of expansion Provide a free, open, full-featured API interface development tools, according to the actual situation of Visual C + +, Visual Basic, VBA or other OLE development process secondary development of SolidWorks. 9. Support network exchange SolidWorks design with the new products can be released into the Internet, so that is not installed SolidWorks customers via a Web browser to view it very easy for the remote release of new products and exchanges. 10. Rich 3D performance means SolidWorks provide animation features, AVI file can be generated. SolidWorks through plug-in enables users to easily produce high-quality PhotoWorks rendering map, including a wealth of material and texture, user-definable lighting, reflection, transparency, and background settings. 11. Facilitate the engineering analysis SolidWorks has many plug-in, engineers can provide a wide range of engineering analysis tools, such as finite element method can be used for rapid stress, deformation, frequency, thermal efficiency, power, fatigue, and electromagnetic engineering analysis of a number of items of COSMOS / Works, Motion analysis of the agency Mechanical Dynamics, which can carry out the analysis of the heat FloWorks such as plug-ins can not only make use of SolidWorks 3D solid modeling, but also enables the software to become a powerful computer-aided engineering analysis tools. SolidWorks的基礎 本章要點 隨著個人電腦和CAD技術的飛速發(fā)展，過去只有在工作站環(huán)境中，UNIX平臺的三維設計軟件，它是目前普通PC平臺和Windows環(huán)境下使用，成為普通的設計師，工程師的設計工具。作為機械設計軟件SolidWorks的Windows環(huán)境下，已與Windows用戶友好，其強大的設計功能，操作簡單的特點，充分滿足廣大機械產(chǎn)品設計的需要。 作為SolidWorks的三維設計軟件，一個全面的零部件和裝配建模功能實體，并進行分析和處理模型，它可以自動生成工程圖紙。在研究具體操作，首先必須正確地安裝軟件到電腦，然后與SolidWorks用戶界面，通過設置選項來建立一個合適的工作環(huán)境和。 本章內(nèi)容包括： 三維設計軟件概述 SolidWorks的主要特點 安裝和啟動SolidWorks SolidWorks用戶界面 成立了SolidWorks的工作環(huán)境 1.1三維設計軟件綜述 民航處從20世紀到20世紀60年代的軟件類計算機輔助幾何設計主要是為了解決在計算機上顯示的圖形和說明問題，然后逐步提高，如物理描述模型線框，曲面，幾何實體。今天，共經(jīng)歷了以下幾個階段。 計算機圖形學階段：解決計算機圖形學，表面表達等基本問題為重點。 技術參數(shù)和階段性特征：解決CAD數(shù)據(jù)的控制和修改。 智能設計階段：整合更多的工程知識和規(guī)則的設計，實現(xiàn)了計算機輔助設計，更高的水平。 經(jīng)過40多年的發(fā)展，三維設計軟件已經(jīng)從一個簡單的產(chǎn)品圖紙或模型生成工具研制，開發(fā)可以提供工程支持范圍廣泛，涵蓋設計，設計標準化，系列化的意圖表達，設計結果的分析，可創(chuàng)建，干擾審判，設計優(yōu)化檢查過程中，和許多其他方面。三維設計模型可以轉(zhuǎn)換為支持CAE技術（計算機輔助工程）和CAM（計算機輔助制造）應用程序的數(shù)據(jù)格式。這些功能滿足三維設計的項目，極大地提高了產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的質(zhì)量和效率，大大縮短了產(chǎn)品設計和開發(fā)周期的需要。 目前，大規(guī)模的國內(nèi)外生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，三維設計軟件已廣泛應用。美國波音公司，如使用3D設計及相關軟件，在兩年半的時間里，實現(xiàn)了777無設計圖紙。根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的設計工作，整個過程至少需要4年。該公司還工程中廣泛使用的并行工程技術的實施與整體的產(chǎn)品虛擬組裝，正確的設計錯誤數(shù)CAD環(huán)境，從而確保了短周期，高成果的設計過程優(yōu)質(zhì)的設計和制造過程中的流暢性。 在三維設計軟件的廣泛使用，可以分為高端和中端CAD系統(tǒng)，高端的三維CAD軟件主要的I - DEAS軟件，地下，Pro / Engineer的，CATIA的，中檔三維CAD系統(tǒng)主要SolidWorks中，SolidEdges，聯(lián)合化療，發(fā)明等。一般制造業(yè)企業(yè)，對SolidWorks的強大功能來完成一般的設計任務，這是它的易用性和效率也引起了越來越多用戶的關注。 三維設計，從簡單的幾何模型生成工具軟件的經(jīng)驗，技術，產(chǎn)品的模型變量控制，最終形成一個完整的企業(yè)數(shù)字化進程。三維設計軟件的應用大大提高了產(chǎn)品設計和開發(fā)效率。 相比二維設計（CAD）的三維設計功能最大的特點是造型技術的使用，整個設計過程的相關技術。三維設計軟件不僅是一個強大的建模功能，而且還提供了廣泛的技術支持。包括對設計意圖，設計和系列化設計重用，例如，描述。 成三維零件設計，裝配設計和工程圖紙設計產(chǎn)生的三個階段。關系到整個設計過程，使修改后的設計會影響到設計階段的其他結果的任何階段，從而保持了在設計環(huán)境中的各種模型的一致性，從而提高設計效率。 1.1.1零件設計 零件的設計是三維設計的基礎。零部件一般都在三維實體的形式，如圖1.1所示裝載在“桶”型車輛的零配件。從建模，參數(shù)化特征造型和三維實體零件設計的角度來看，已成為一種主流技術。在作為對一個三維實體模型部件的形態(tài)特征的不同組合的特征稱為處理實體的不同部分。不僅具有相應的項目的特點，而且還通過之間的特性和時序關系的拓撲關系可以靈活控制的模擬結果。 在三維實體模型部件的設計和制造過程中，要實現(xiàn)以下功能。生成工程圖紙部分。部位的應力分析和強度校核。形成裝配，測試設計的合理性。形成模具配件。生成數(shù)控代碼，直接加工。 1.1裝載機“桶”的模式部分 1.1.2裝配設計 三維設計軟件大會是一個基本功能。圖1.2顯示了玩具“Loader”的裝配模型。在現(xiàn)代的設計，可以利用現(xiàn)有的三維模型部件的使用將兩個或多個具有一定制約關系裝配，形成了虛擬產(chǎn)品裝配根據(jù)部分;也可用于項目與自上而下的組裝線多設計方法，在裝配環(huán)境中提述的位置和新的零件和裝配設計規(guī)模大會的其他部分。與此同時，大會已擴大到更多的工程領域，如運動分析，干涉檢查等。三維設計軟件產(chǎn)品的裝配環(huán)境已成為綜合性能驗證環(huán)境的基礎。 對虛擬產(chǎn)品裝配模型的使用，可實現(xiàn)以下功能。對地圖產(chǎn)品的真實效果，驗證了產(chǎn)品結構，分析和設計。產(chǎn)品所產(chǎn)生爆炸的看法。產(chǎn)品的運動分析和動態(tài)模擬描繪運動部件的特定點的軌跡。該產(chǎn)品的實際效果圖?！案拍钤O計產(chǎn)品”為產(chǎn)品所產(chǎn)生的模擬動畫，演示產(chǎn)品的裝配過程。 1.1.3工程圖的生成 使用的零件和裝配實體模型可自動生成零件的二維工程圖和裝配。而相對于傳統(tǒng)的CAD，三維設計軟件生成的工程圖紙操作更簡單，只有指定的型號投影方向，插入大小，然后詳細信息，可設置工程圖紙。圖1.3顯示了SolidWorks自動生成的，如圖1.1和“水桶”的相應的工程圖紙部分顯示。 1.3“桶”工程制圖 SolidWorks的1.2特點 SolidWorks是3D機械設計軟件的Windows環(huán)境下，它具有以下特點。 1。簡單，易于學習和使用 簡單的界面，方便的工作。完全支持Windows拖動復制和移動技術的剪切，復制，粘貼等操作的特點。使用SolidWorks幫助系統(tǒng)能夠迅速掌握設計方法。定位方法的核心，全中文界面。 2。界面清晰直觀動態(tài) dynamic標記用不同的顏色，以及當前操作的參數(shù)設計的對象可以提醒標記，以便設計人員能夠設置相關參數(shù)的圖形功能;鼠標證實和豐富的快捷菜單設計，使得很容易的部分;特色的成立以來，無論什么位置，鼠標指針，可以快速設置功能。區(qū)動態(tài)圖形預覽功能使設計過程可以很容易地看清楚設計合理。創(chuàng)新功能經(jīng)理將能夠記錄和處理樹FeatureManager設計設計，使設計人員可以方便地實現(xiàn)對備件和組裝和改裝管理管理功能。動態(tài)激活屬性管理器可以很容易的屬性顯示管理器，修改等操作。物業(yè)管理人員使用，以減少對話框的圖形，使得設計更簡潔，明快。配置管理提供了的零件或裝配作業(yè)模式的創(chuàng)立和修改。 3。靈活的寫生和檢查職能 素描狀態(tài)和特點往往界定清楚地標明，讓設計者輕松地確定當前的工作狀態(tài)。素描易于使用單擊 - 單擊或點擊 - 與一般設計習慣拖動草案線兩種方式繪制。使在動態(tài)反饋和推理過程草圖可以自動添加幾何約束條件下，不同的顏色來區(qū)分使用草稿現(xiàn)實草案狀態(tài)的定義?？梢酝蟿釉媱澆莅福淖儓D形和數(shù)值的大小和幾何形狀。圖紙可用于管道設計或掃描草案的三維特征。 4。強大的基于特征造型的零件和裝配控制 強大的實體建模功能。可以輕松實現(xiàn)動態(tài)特性和修訂草案。板金成形工具的功能使得使用簡單的拖放功能可用于建立板材形狀的零件。使用功能Palette窗口中，只需將特點，可迅速設立，管理和功能的使用非常方便。備用零件和組裝配置使用，不僅可以實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有的設計，建立企業(yè)產(chǎn)品組合，而且還使產(chǎn)品的設計。用Excel軟件組件和配置驅(qū)動的自動生成的程序集的配置。大會的光功能的使用可以快速，高效地處理大規(guī)模裝配。 可以是動畫和大會大會運動的動態(tài)視圖。在智能裝配裝配實現(xiàn)，大會也可以是動態(tài)的干涉檢查和清除測試，以及靜態(tài)干涉檢查。系統(tǒng)同時提供了自下而上的裝配，也提供了自上而下的裝配方法。這種方法允許工程師大會在參考中的位置和新的零件設計，裝配尺寸的其他部分項目的環(huán)境更符合習慣線在組裝。 5。動態(tài)模型生成功能相關的工程圖紙使用RapidDraft（繪圖）工程圖紙，工程圖紙，可立體的一個單獨式，從而加快了工程圖紙操作。能夠始終保持與形狀和大小的整個關系視圖的三維模型。三維模型可以自動生成的項目視圖。經(jīng)營靈活的觀點，可以產(chǎn)生投影視圖和交叉的地方放大部分。 6。簡單的數(shù)據(jù)交換通過標準的數(shù)據(jù)格式和其他CAD數(shù)據(jù)交換軟件。提供診斷數(shù)據(jù)輸入功能，允許在簡化，模型誤差執(zhí)行用戶輸入的幾何實體，以及重新建立刪除冗余拓撲。 提供一個免費的插件數(shù)據(jù)接口的形式可與其他三維設計軟件容易（如Pro / ENGINEER的，地下，聯(lián)合化療，SolidEdges等）進行數(shù)據(jù)交換。的DWG / DXF文件轉(zhuǎn)換向?qū)Э梢越⑵渌浖こ虉D形文件到SolidWorks工程圖文件的轉(zhuǎn)換。 三維模型可以導出成標準的數(shù)據(jù)格式，工程圖紙，也可為DWG / DXF文件格式輸出。 7。支持的協(xié)同工作三維會議是基于微軟的NetMeeting技術開發(fā)的專門為SolidWorks設計人員攜手合作，提供適當?shù)沫h(huán)境。 3個D會議可以用來通過實時協(xié)同工作網(wǎng)絡。持Web目錄，設計數(shù)據(jù)可以存儲在文件夾中，如在本地硬盤存儲一樣簡單。 8。促進發(fā)展擴張 提供一個自由，開放，功能齊全的API接口開發(fā)工具，根據(jù)的Visual C + +，Visual Basic中，VBA或其他OLE發(fā)展進程中的SolidWorks的二次開發(fā)的實際情況。 9。支持網(wǎng)絡交流 SolidWorks中的新產(chǎn)品設計可以被釋放到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，使之不通過Web瀏覽器安裝的SolidWorks客戶才能觀看非常新產(chǎn)品的發(fā)布和交流，遠程容易。 10。豐富的3D表現(xiàn)手段 SolidWorks的提供動畫功能，可生成AVI文件。 通過SolidWorks的插件，使用戶可以輕松地生產(chǎn)出高品質(zhì)的攝影作品繪制地圖，其中包括材料和質(zhì)地，用戶可定義的燈光，反射，透明度和背景設置的財富。 11。方便工程分析 SolidWorks中有許多插件，工程師可以提供的工程分析工具，如有限元方法，范圍廣，可用于快速應力，變形，頻率，熱效率，功率，疲勞使用，電磁一些項目工程分析大同/工程，運動機構的機械動力學的分析，可進行了熱分析FloWorks如插件不僅可以使用的SolidWorks三維實體造型，也使軟件成為一強大的計算機計算機輔助工程分析工具。