九年級(jí)英語Module 4 Great inventions一周強(qiáng)化外研版

本資料來源于大家網(wǎng)中考英語論壇Module 4 Great inventions一周強(qiáng)化一、一周知識(shí)概述本模塊以發(fā)明為中心話題，圍繞數(shù)碼相機(jī)的使用、紙和印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明與作用展開。要求同學(xué)們聽、說、讀、寫方面做到：能聽懂有關(guān)發(fā)明及其應(yīng)用的對(duì)話，能談?wù)撘延械陌l(fā)明創(chuàng)造給人類生活帶來的變化，能讀懂談?wù)摪l(fā)明創(chuàng)造的文章；了解發(fā)明對(duì)人類生活的影響，能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子表述發(fā)明對(duì)人類的影響，并恰當(dāng)使用as a result, because和so。語言知識(shí)方面要求掌握：1詞匯：能夠正確使用下列單詞和詞組：advantage, digital, battery, favour, publish, ordinary, replace, produce, invention, create, cotton, wood, ink, block, knowledge, spread, introduction, CD-ROM, dry; look through, at a time, by hand, at the beginning of, rather than, one day等。2語法：掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念和用法。二、重難點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解1Dad, Can I ask a favour? 爸爸，您能幫個(gè)忙嗎？這是請(qǐng)求幫助的一種表達(dá)方式，類似的說法還有：Could you do me a favour? May I ask a favour of you? Could you help me, please? 2Paper and printing have been used for ages. 紙和印刷術(shù)已經(jīng)被應(yīng)用很久了。use在這里是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，意思是“被應(yīng)用”。常見的帶use的短語有：（1）be used to do 表示被用來作某事，為被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.The soap was used to wash hands. 肥皂用來洗手。=The soap was used for washing hands.（2）be/ get used to sth./doing sth.意思是“習(xí)慣（做）”。e.g.Slowly their eyes got used to the darkness.慢慢地他們的眼睛習(xí)慣了黑暗。The old man is/gets used to a simple life.這位老人習(xí)慣過簡(jiǎn)樸生活。Im used to doing jogging in the morning now.我習(xí)慣于早上慢跑。（3）used to(構(gòu)成謂語) 意思是“過去常?！薄.g.There used to be a bakers shop in the village.以前村里有家面包店。He used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 過去他來看我時(shí)常帶玫瑰花。I used to go there.我(以前)常到那里去。3Can books be replaced by computers? 書可能被電腦取代嗎？be replaced by 意思是“被所取代”。e.g.The broken chair was replaced by a new one. 破椅子換成了新椅子。4The battery hasnt been charged for a couple of months. 電池已經(jīng)幾個(gè)月沒有充電了。（1）charge在這里的意思是“給某物充電”。e.g.Is your car battery charged easily?你那輛汽車的蓄電池容易充電嗎?charge a battery 給蓄電池充電（2）a couple of 意為“一些，幾個(gè)；兩個(gè)”。e.g.I have a couple of things to do. 我有幾件事情要辦。I waited a couple of hours. 我等了幾個(gè)小時(shí)。I saw a couple of men get out. 我看見兩個(gè)人出去了。5It doesnt matter. Ill see to that.沒關(guān)系，我會(huì)處理的。（我會(huì)給電池充電的。）see to sth./sb. 表示“處理；照顧，關(guān)照”。e.g.These windows need to be cleaned.這些窗戶需要清洗。Ill see to them later.一會(huì)兒我來處理。Ill go to Tonys party this evening. Will you see to the cats?今晚我要去參加托尼的聚會(huì)。請(qǐng)你照顧一下貓好嗎?6Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. 每天傍晚媽媽在家翻閱雜志。look through在這里意義為“瀏覽，粗略地翻閱”。e.g.Would you quickly look through the composition for me and see if there are any mistakes?你能不能幫我快速看一下這篇作文，看看有沒有錯(cuò)誤?I havent looked through the book yet.我還沒有翻完這本書。帶有l(wèi)ook的常見短語還有：look after(照看，照管)，look at(看，瞧)，look for(尋找)，look forward to(盼望)，look into(研究，調(diào)查)，look over(檢閱，檢查)，look up(查詢，查找)等。7 and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, 使用的原材料的有絲、棉花和竹子be made from意思是“由制成(不能看出原材料)”。辨析：be made of , be made from, be made in, be made into, be made out of, be made with等“由制成”的區(qū)別（1）be made of指成品中可以看出原材料，像“石頭制成的橋，木料制成的桌椅，鋼鐵制成的工具”等，其制作過程中僅發(fā)生了物理變化。e.g.The desks and chairs are made of wood. 課桌和椅子是用木頭制做的。These wine bottles are made of glass. 這些酒瓶是用玻璃做的。（2）be made from指成品制成后，成品中已看不出原材料，象“葡萄釀成的酒，各種化學(xué)原料制成的尼龍”等，其制作過程發(fā)生了化學(xué)變化。e.g.Gas is made from coal.煤氣由煤制成。This kind of wine is made from grape.這種酒是葡萄做的。說明：有時(shí)成品中很難辨認(rèn)出是什么原材料時(shí)，用be made of或be made from均可。e.g.Bread is made of(from) flour.面包是用面粉做的。（3）be made in意為“某物是某地制造的”，即表示“產(chǎn)地”。e.g.The cars are made in Shanghai.這種汽車產(chǎn)于上海。（4）be made into其含義為“（某種原料）可以制成（某種成品）”，而be made of (from)則表示“某種成品是由某種原料制成的”。e.g.Grapes can be made into wine.葡萄可以釀酒。Stones can be made into bridges.石頭可以造橋。（5）be made out of指“做成整個(gè)成品（東西）的材料”，常用在口語中；其意思同be made of(from)差不多，用out of比用of或from語氣強(qiáng)。e.g.She made a shirt out of the material.她用這種材料做了一條裙子。（6）be made with意為“某種東西（成品）是由某種材料組（制）成的”。原料前用with指成品的組成部分。e.g.A fruit cake is made with fruit.水果蛋糕用水果制成。8As a result, they were expensive and rare. 結(jié)果是書既昂貴又稀有。as a result意思是“結(jié)果”。e.g.As a result, there is often trouble in American families.因此，美國(guó)家庭中常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)麻煩事。Many people helped him. As a result, he succeeded at last. 許多人幫助他。因此，他最后成功了。注意：as a result of 因?yàn)椋挥捎诘慕Y(jié)果（ as a result of 是介詞短語，后面跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式，相當(dāng)于 because of ）e.g.As a result of the flood, many people became homeless. 由于這場(chǎng)洪水，許多人變得無家可歸了。9But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand.但在那個(gè)年代，依靠手工，一次只能制作一本書。（1）at a time表示“每次(多少個(gè))，一次”。e.g.Please come in one at a time, not all together. 請(qǐng)一個(gè)一個(gè)地進(jìn)來，不要一起來。Im sorry but Im too busy to help you nowI can only do one thing at a time.真抱歉，我現(xiàn)在太忙了，無法幫你我一次只能干一件事。（2）by hand可以表示“手工地；親手地”。e.g.All these toys are made by hand, not on a machine.所有這些玩具都是手工制作的，不是機(jī)器生產(chǎn)的。Youd better deliver her invitation by hand since she lives so close.既然她住得這么近，你最好親自將邀請(qǐng)(信)送給她。10After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly, in a way that can be compared with the introduction of the Internet in the 20th century.從那以后，知識(shí)和思想迅速傳播開來，其速度之快，可與20世紀(jì)因特網(wǎng)的引入相媲美。（1）第一個(gè)that表示印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展使更多人開始讀書；第二個(gè)that是從句的引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句。（2）spread意為“散播，傳播”。過去式和過去分詞也是spread.e.g.spread news 傳播消息The rumour quickly spread through the village.謠言很快在村子里傳開了。11Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books 如今，信息可以在線接收、從因特網(wǎng)下載，而不必到書中去尋找rather than表示“而不是，勝于”。e.g.I want to wear the black shoes rather than the brown ones.我想穿那雙黑色的鞋，而不想穿褐色的。Everybody likes to go to the cinema this evening rather than stay at home.今晚大家都想去看電影，而不愿意呆在家里。12So will books be replaced by computers one day? 那么有一天書會(huì)被電腦所取代嗎？辨析：some day與one daysome day指將來的某一天，one day既可指將來的某一天，也可指過去的某一天，指將來的某一天時(shí)，可以和some day互換使用。e.g.One day last month, I met Mr Smith by chance.上個(gè)月的一天我偶然遇見了Smith先生。If you dont work hard, youll regret some day/one day. 如果不努力，將來有一天你會(huì)懊悔的。I really saw Jack, your best friend, one day in Hongkong. 一天在香港我的確見到了你最好的朋友杰克。三、語法點(diǎn)撥現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)合上一模塊我們所講的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化，同學(xué)們能清楚地理解并掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)嗎?首先，還是先看一下本模塊中出現(xiàn)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子：The battery hasnt been charged for a couple of months.電池好幾個(gè)月沒充電了。Has it been published yet? (雜志)出版了嗎?In those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand.在那時(shí)候，書只能用手工制造，一次生產(chǎn)一本。Today information can be received online.現(xiàn)在，信息可以從網(wǎng)上接收到。從以上例句可以總結(jié)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)(以do為例)如下：肯定形式否定形式疑問形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)S+has/ havebeen+doneS+has/ have notbeen+doneHas/ Have+S+been+done?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞S+can/could/must+be+doneS+can/could/must not be+doneCan/ Could/ Must+S+be+done?只要我們明白了被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)、與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞搭配使用都是通過助動(dòng)詞be表現(xiàn)的這個(gè)規(guī)則，就能比較自如地運(yùn)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)了。更多精品盡在大家網(wǎng)http:/www.TopS