中考英語 話題十八 日常用品試題1

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話題十八　日常用品(Everyday items) Ⅰ.完形填空 A “飛魚”掀起的拔罐熱 When swimming superstar Michael Phelps won his 19th Olympic gold medal on Aug 8 in the 4100－meter relay(接力), what caught peoples __1__ wasnt only his success, but also the strange red circles on his __2__ and shoulders. These circles are not __3__ to us in China. They are marks __4__ over from cupping(拔火罐). People do it all the time, our neighbors do it, our parents do it and we might try it from time to time when we have a __5__ back. But the Westerners are __6__ puzzled(困惑的)by the circles. Some people even afraid that they might be __7__ Zika(寨卡). Western news also couldnt stop __8__ about it, with headlines(標題)like the BBCs “Why are so many Olympians __9__ in large red circles？” and Daily Mails “Team USA go crazy for ancient Chinese cupping”. All of a sudden, the world is __10__ in cupping. People are wondering whether it actually works __11__ how it works. Cupping is only one of the many things that goes out of our country and __12__ the world. As a Chinese, I guess everyone is __13__ of such invention. There are still many __14__ for us to give to the world, it is important for us to carry on the tradition of __15__ excellent. (A)1.A.attention　　　　 　 B．interest C．happiness D．excited (D)2.A.foot　　 B．head　 　 C．a(chǎn)rm　　 D．back (B)3.A.old B．new C．familiar D．great (C)4.A.ran B．poured C．left D．drawn (C)5.A.big B．healthy C．sore D．thin (A)6.A.deeply B．heavily C．hardly D．slowly (B)7.A.because B．because of C．in order D．in order to (D)8.A.laughing B．telling C．talking D．reporting (B)9.A.dressed B．covered C．believed D．drawn (C)10.A.experienced B．strict C．interested D．made (A)11.A.and B．but C．besides D．or (C)12.A.attacks B．a(chǎn)ffects C．a(chǎn)ttracts D．a(chǎn)rise (B)13.A.pride B．proud C．price D．prize (A)14.A.treasures B．ideas C．ways D．grades (C)15.A.to be B．be C．being D．is 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。當泳壇超級明星菲爾普斯獲得自己職業(yè)生涯的第19塊金牌時，人們的注意力被他雙肩和背部的圓形痕跡吸引過去了，人們紛紛猜測那些痕跡是什么，各國媒體紛紛給出他們自己的猜測。而它們對中國人來說并不陌生，拔火罐在中國是很常見的治療手段。能走出國門，讓外國熟知的并不僅僅是火罐，我們有必要保持傳統(tǒng)的優(yōu)秀性。 【答案精析】 1．A　考查名詞辨析。attention“注意力”；interest“利益；興趣”；happiness“幸?！保籩xcited“興奮的”。由上下文可知菲爾普斯身上的圓形痕跡吸引了人們的注意力。故選A。 2．D　考查名詞辨析。由后文“we might try it from time to time when we have a sore back”，再結(jié)合拔火罐的常識，可以推斷出在他的背部。故選D。 3．B　考查形容詞辨析。old“舊的”； new“新的”； familiar“熟悉的”；great“偉大的”。由后文“People do it all the time, our neighbors do it, our parents do it and we might try it from time to time...”可知拔火罐在中國人盡皆知，所以對中國人來說拔火罐并不是什么新鮮事。故選B。 4．C　考查動詞辨析。ran“跑”；poured“傾倒”；left“留下”；drawn“吸引；畫畫”。這些痕跡是由拔罐留下的，故選C。 5．C　考查形容詞辨析。 big“大的”； healthy“健康的”；sore“疼痛的”；thin“瘦的”。由常識，人們腰酸背痛時才要拔火罐，故選C。 6．A　考查副詞辨析。deeply“深深地”；heavily“嚴重地”；hardly“幾乎不”；slowly“慢慢地”。由語境可知此處表示“但是西方人對這些圓圈感到深深地困惑?！惫蔬xA。 7．B　考查連詞辨析。由語境可知一些人猜想這些圓圈是由寨卡造成的，故because和because of符合語境，如果后面是完整的句子，用because，其他情況用because of。故選B。 8．D　考查動詞辨析。由后文“with headlines like the BBCs，”以及“and Daily Mails ”，可知人們刊登在報紙新聞頭條，因此是不停地報道此事。故選D。 9．B　考查動詞辨析。dressed“穿衣，打扮”；covered“覆蓋”；believed“相信”，短語believe in 表示“相信”，但此句是被動語態(tài)，所以選C不符合句意；drawn“畫畫”。由句意“奧林匹克運動員身上被覆蓋著拔火罐的印記”可知選B。 10．C　考查短語辨析。be experienced in...“在……方面有經(jīng)驗”； be strict in “在……方面要求嚴格”； be interested in...“對……感興趣的”；be made in...“在……制造”。由句意“全世界突然對拔火罐感興趣了?！笨芍xC。 11．A　考查連詞辨析。結(jié)合上文可知人們想知道拔火罐是否能起作用及它如何起效。故兩者是并列關(guān)系。故選A。 12．C　考查動詞辨析。attacks“襲擊”； affects“作用，影響”；attracts“吸引”；arise“引起”。由上下文可知“拔火罐引起了全世界的注意，吸引了全球人的目光”，故選C。 13．B　考查形容詞及短語搭配。 be proud of“對……感到驕傲的”，為固定短語，故選B。 14．A　考查名詞辨析。treasures“寶藏”； ideas“想法”；ways“方法”；grades“成績”。由語境可知此句意為“我們?nèi)杂性S多寶物給世界”。故選A。 15．C　考查非謂語動詞。介詞后面應用動詞的ing形式，故選C。 B 請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所給的詞的適當形式填空。每個詞限用一次。 member　angry　develop　write　about film　keep　mean　because　way More and more Japanese teenagers read novels on mobile phones, not on the paper. The phone novels are usually 1 written by first－time writers—usually in their tens or twenties. Several novels have been turned into real books. Love Sky, a story 2 about a boy with cancer, has sold more than 1.3 million books and has been made into a 3 film. Many of the phone novels are influenced by comic(漫畫) books 4 because comic books are very popular in Japan. So phone novels are heavy in dialogue and have really short paragraphs. Large empty spaces between sentences are used 5 to__mean that the characters are thinking. A mobile phone novel website, Mahoi-Land which started several years ago, now has six million 6 members and a million novels on the site. However, some traditional writers are 7 angry about phone novels. They complain that phone novels are short of scene(缺少情景) and character 8 development. Koichiro Tomioka, a professor at Kanto Gakuin University, said it was a new 9 way for writers to become known. He said, “Its interesting. The problem is: can this new type of writer 10 keep on writing books as a professional writer？” 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。越來越多的日本青少年在手機上閱讀小說。本文主要介紹了手機小說的作者通常是年輕的新作家，手機小說跟普通書本小說相比的不同之處，并介紹了一些傳統(tǒng)作家對手機小說的態(tài)度。 【答案精析】 1．written　由語境可知此處應表示“手機小說通常是由新起步作家寫的。”故此處要用write的過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。 2．a(chǎn)bout　由句意“這是一個關(guān)于一名得了癌癥的男孩的故事”，因此填介詞about。 3．film　分析句子可知此處需要一個名詞，再由語境可知此句意為“這部小說已經(jīng)被拍成了電影。”故填film。 4．because　分析句子可知此句意為“大多數(shù)手機小說受到漫畫的影響，因為漫畫在日本非常流行”，前后為因果關(guān)系。故填because。 5．to mean　句意為“句子間使用大量空白用于表示小說角色的思考?！薄癰e used to do sth.”表示“被用來做某事”，所以要用to mean。 6．members　分析句子成分可知此處需要一個名詞復數(shù)，結(jié)合備選單詞和句意“手機小說網(wǎng)站擁有6百萬成員”可知填members。 7．a(chǎn)ngry　由后文 complain“抱怨”可知一些傳統(tǒng)作家的態(tài)度是生氣的，be angry about “對……感到生氣”為固定短語，故填angry。 8．development　分析句子可知此處需要一個名詞，結(jié)合語境和備選單詞可知句意為“他們認為手機小說缺乏場景和角色的發(fā)展”，故用develop的名詞形式development。 9．way　分析句子可知此處需要一個名詞，結(jié)合語境和備選單詞可知句意為“這對于作家來說是一種成名的方式”。故填way。 10．keep　由前面的can可以判斷此處填動詞原形，keep on doing sth.“一直保持做某事”。句意為“問題是：這類作家能否像專業(yè)作家那樣一直寫書”。故填keep。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A When it first appeared fifty years ago, TV was expected to make great contributions(貢獻) to education and culture. People in different areas were able to watch the same program at the same time, and this makes peoples sense of community(社會)stronger. TV, it was thought, would have all these good results, but to a much greater degree, since people would not only hear but also see what was happening. There is no doubt many people were satisfied with what TV brought them. People know more than ever before about things in the furthest corners of the earth, and even beyond. TV has brought increased comfort to people unable to leave their beds, to the lonely and to the old. However, in a number of ways the effects of TV have been a source(根源) of disappointment and even of worry to those who had expected so much of it. The main problem has been its influence on kids. Some American scientists say that in the United States TV has produced a generation(一代人)who have become slaves(奴隸)to TV. Others say American teenagers see so many deaths on TV that they had more violence(暴力) in real life. In the same way, teachers think that children have less interest in reading and their reading ability has become weaker, because watching so much TV discourages children from using their own imaginations. (C)1.What does the underlined word “comfort” mean according to the passage? A．Pain.　　　　　　　　B．Work. C．Enjoyment. D．Trouble. (D)2.In the passage, the underlined word “others” means ________. A．people like writer B．childrens parents C．American teachers D．the rest of the scientists (A)3.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Scientists think people may spend too much time on TV. B．Teenagers may be more friendly after they watch TV. C．Teachers encourage students to watch TV. D．Watching TV too much is bad for childrens eyes. (D)4.The passage mainly tells us about ________. A．the history of TV B．the correct way to watch TV C．the difference between radio and TV D．the advantages and disadvantages TV brings 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了電視的發(fā)明給人們帶來的各種好處，但是對沉迷于電視的人來說是一件可悲的事。 【答案精析】 1．C　詞義猜測題。pain“痛苦”；work“工作”；enjoyment“愉悅”；trouble“麻煩”。由句意“電視給不能下床的人、孤獨的人和老人帶來了極大的安慰”可知C的意思最接近。 2．D　單詞指代題。通過上文“Some American scientists say that ...”判斷，此處是指其他的科學家。故選D。 3．A　推理判斷題。由最后一段第二句“Some American scientists say that in the United States TV has produced a generation(一代人) who have become slaves(奴隸) to TV.”可知之所以人們成為電視的奴隸是因為他們花在看電視上的時間太多了；由第三句“Others say American teenagers see so many deaths on TV that they had more violence(暴力) in real life.”可知看電視會讓青少年更加暴力而不是更友好，所以B項錯誤；由最后一句中的“teachers think that children have less interest in reading and their reading ability has become weaker.”可知“老師不贊成孩子多看電視，”所以C項錯誤。而D項所說內(nèi)容并未在文中提到。故選A。 4．D　主旨大意題。通過閱讀全文，可以看出第一、二段是說電視給人們帶來的好處，最后一段是說電視給人們尤其是青少年帶來的負面影響，故選D。 B 請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面方框內(nèi)的七個選項中，選擇五個還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。 Some students spend too much time on the Internet. They forget to study, eat and sleep. They become unable to communicate with people in real life. 1__F__ 2__D__Some send their children to medical centers or special camps for help. But not all of those places are good for the kids. The government published some of the guidelines for teenage Internet users. According to the guidelines, treatments arent allowed to limit the childs freedom or include physical punishment. 3__A__ They should pay attention to what they do online. 4__G__ It is reported that about 5 to 10 percent of Americans suffer from Internet addiction. The problem is also serious in South Korea. Some doctors think Internet addiction is a mental illness that needs medical treatment, but others disagree. 5__C__ A．The guidelines suggest that parents should spend more time with their children. B．Almost everyone in China has a computer at home C．They think it can be managed by the people themselves. D．Parents worry about this problem. E．Students are not allowed to get on line in the Net bar. F．They are addicted to(沉迷) the Internet. G．China isnt the only country with this problem. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要是說一些青少年沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，家長對這樣的子女很擔心，會送去醫(yī)療中心或戒網(wǎng)癮的機構(gòu)，然而這樣并非想象中那么有效。網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶給青少年的負面影響在其他國家皆有體現(xiàn)，一些醫(yī)生認為要靠藥物治療，另一些認為要靠網(wǎng)癮者自己解決。 【答案精析】 1．F　由前文所說他們花太多時間上網(wǎng)，廢寢忘食，不能與現(xiàn)實生活中的人們正常交流，可知他們已經(jīng)沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選F。 2．D　由后文“Some send their children to medical centers or special camps for help.”可知此空應該說有關(guān)父母的內(nèi)容。故選D。 3．A　由上下文的意思可以了解本段是說給父母的一些建議。故A項符合語境。 4．G　由后文說其他國家也有這樣的現(xiàn)象，可知G項“中國不是唯一有這種問題的國家”符合語境。 5．C　由前文所說另一些醫(yī)生的不同觀點，可以判斷C項表示可以通過他們自己來拯救自己，是符合文意的。 Ⅲ.補全對話 請閱讀下面對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容補上所缺的句子，使對話通順、合理，意思完整。 (S＝Shirley；E＝Eric) S：Hi, Eric! Great news! E：1__What__happened?__/__What__news__is__it?__ S：Plastic(塑料的) bags thinner than 0.025 mm will not be allowed to use in the supermarket. E：Really? 2__Im__happy__to__hear__that. S：Im glad, too. But I think they are really useful in our daily lives. E：3__But__they__are__bad__for__our__environment. S：Youre right. Some people often throw them away carelessly. E：Yes. They dont realize they have made the environment polluted. S：What can people use instead of plastic bags now? E：4__They__can__use__cloth__bags__instead__of__plastic__bags. S：Thats a good idea. Though using cloth bags will cost us money, its our duty to protect the environment. Do you have some useless cloth in your house? E：Yes, I do. 5__Why__not__make__some__cloth__bags__together？ /__How__about__making__some__cloth__bags__now? S：Great idea! Lets do it now. Ⅳ.書面表達 李華想擁有一臺智能手機但父母不同意。請根據(jù)下面圖表內(nèi)容寫一封信給李華，簡述手機的利弊，并對中學生是否應該擁有智能手機談談你的看法。 提示： 1.短文應包括圖表中的全部信息，條理清楚， 行文連貫； 2.短文中不能出現(xiàn)真實的人名和地名； 3.詞數(shù)不少于80，開頭、結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Li Hua， Nowadays, smart phones are more and more popular.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， 【審題指導】細讀所給的文字提示，可以提取以下信息： 1．要求寫一封書信，所以要注意寫作的人稱，可以用第一人稱和第二人稱結(jié)合的方式； 2．文章要包含三個要點，一是智能手機的優(yōu)點：上網(wǎng)便利，在拍照，聊微信和QQ上有優(yōu)勢；二是擁有智能手機可能帶來的潛在的不利后果：不利于健康，沉溺于手機；三是自己的觀點：表明學生是否有必要擁有一臺智能手機； 3．除開頭外，不少于80詞，不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名和校名。 【寫作模板】 【高分范文】 Dear Li Hua， Nowadays, smart phones are more and more popular.They have many advantages.Smart phones can help us get online easily.So we can get information at any time.We can also take photos, chat on QQ or WeChat, listen to music, and even watch videos. On the other hand, they also have some disadvantages.If we spend too much time playing with smart phones, well have no time to do other things.Besides, its also bad for our health. In my opinion, there is no need for students to have one.Because we are too young to control ourselves. Yours，