高中英語 Unit 2《Healthy eating》 語言要點教案 新人教版必修3

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111 Unit 2 Healthy eating 單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點） 詞匯 部分 詞語 辨析 1. diet / food 2. offer / provide / supply 3. strength / power / force 4. glare / stare / glance 詞形 變化 1. health n. 健康 healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的 healthily adv. 健康地 2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中 加糖 sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜語的 3. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 4. weakness n.虛弱，衰弱， 軟弱；弱點，缺點 weak adj.虛弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的 weaken v.(使)變弱，(使)減弱 5. strength n. 力氣；長處 strengthen vt. 加強； 鞏固 strong adj. 強壯的；牢固的 6. digest vt.消化；吸收，領 悟 n.文摘 digestion n.消化(力) digestive adj.消化的，易消化的 7. benefit v.& n. 有益于； 得益于；利益，好處 beneficial adj. 有益的 重點 單詞 1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余額，余數(shù) v. 平衡；權衡 2. curiosity n. 好奇心 3. limit vt.&n. 限制；限定 4. benefit vt. 有益于；vi. 得益于(常與from, by連用) n. 利益，好處；津貼 5. combine vt.&vi. (使)聯(lián)合；結合 重點 詞組 1. be tired of 對……厭煩了 2. ought to aux. 應當；應該(沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形) 3. lose weight體重減輕；減肥 4. get away with偷攜某物潛逃；受到（較輕的懲罰）或逃避懲罰 5. tell a lie 說謊 6. earn one’ s living謀生 7. in debt 欠債 8. before long 不久以后 重點句子 1. Nothing could be better. 2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did. 3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies. 重點語法 1．情態(tài)動詞的完成式的用法 2．雙重性情態(tài)動詞的用法（見語法部分） 語言要點（模塊） Ⅰ.詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. diet / food 【解釋】 diet 指通常吃的食物，尤指規(guī)定的食譜[如治療疾病或減輕體重的食物]，還可作動詞“節(jié)食”。常用搭配：be/get/go on a diet 進行節(jié)食 put sb. on a diet限制某人的飲食 food 指人或動物所需的食物；或植物所需的養(yǎng)料。 【練習】根據(jù)句子意思用diet，food的適當形式填空。 1). We cannot survive without _______ and drink. 2). The doctor says I’ ve got to go on a _______. 3). The doctor put me on a low-salt _______ to reduce my blood pressure. Keys: 1). food 2). diet 3). diet 2. offer / provide / supply 【解釋】 offer“提出，提供，呈現(xiàn)”，表示向別人提供幫助，服務或物品。 搭配：offer to do sth / offer sb sth /offer sth to sb provide“供給，提供，裝備，準備”，強調有預見，并通過儲存或準備的方式為某事做準備，以在需要時提供所需物品。搭配：provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb supply“供給，補充，彌補”，表示替換或不足所需之物以及彌補缺陷，滿足要求的意思；也作名詞，“供給(量)，物資，存貨”。搭配：supply sb with sth / supply sth for/to sb 【練習】根據(jù)句子意思填介詞或用offer，provide，supply的適當形式填空。 1). The project is designed to _______ young people _______work. 2). He _______ to lend me some books. 3). He _______ me 300 dollars _______ that television. 4). We ______ power to the three nearby towns. Keys: 1). provide; with 2). offered 3). offered; for 4). supply 3. strength / power / force 【解釋】 strength 用于身體指力氣力量；用于物體指承受或抗拉的強度；也可指長處。 power用于人體、機械或風時指可應用的能量，也可指電力、權力和能力。 force用于爆炸、風暴或打擊時指釋放的能量及其對物體的沖擊力；也可指暴力。 【練習】根據(jù)句子意思用strength，power，force的適當形式填空。 1). I will do everything in my _______ to help you. 2). We can use the _______ of the wind to make electricity. 3). He used all his _______ to lifted the heavy box. 4). The soldiers took the prisoners away by _______. Keys: 1). power 2). power 3). strength 4). force 4. glare / stare / glance 【解釋】 glare at sb. 對某人怒視，怒目而視 stare at sb. (由于驚奇、害怕、生氣或深思而睜大眼睛) 對某人凝視，盯著看 glance at sb. 對某人瞥一眼，粗略地看，瀏覽 【練習】根據(jù)句子意思用glare，stare，glance的適當形式填空。 1). She _______ shyly at him and then lowered her eyes. 2). The two boys _______ at each other before they fought. 3). My father_______ at the stranger for a long time as if they had known each other before. Keys: 1). glanced 2). glared 3). stared Ⅱ.詞形變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料） 1. health n. 健康 healthy adj.健康的；有益健康的 healthily adv. 健康地 2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中 加糖 sugary adj. 甜的，含糖的；甜言蜜語的 3. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 4. weakness n.虛弱，衰弱， 軟弱；弱點，缺點 weak adj.虛弱的；(能力等)差的；微弱的 weaken v.(使)變弱，(使)減弱 5. strength n. 力氣；長處 strengthen vt. 加強； 鞏固 strong adj. 強壯的；牢固的 6. digest vt.消化；吸收，領 悟 n.文摘 digestion n.消化(力) digestive adj.消化的，易消化的 7. benefit v.& n. 有益于； 得益于；利益，好處 beneficial adj. 有益的 【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空。 1). You look much ________ (health) than before. 2). The boy had burning ________ (curious) about what was going on. 3). The government decided to take some measures to _________ (strength) the economy. 4). Fresh air is ________ (benefit) to one’ s health. 5). Mike was the ________ (strength) boy in his class. 6). It’ s that ________ (sugar) smile of his that I can’ t bear - it makes me want to puke! 7). It’ s important to know your own strengths and ________ (weak). 8). Vegetables are usually cooked to aid ________ (digest). Keys: 1). healthier 2). curiosity 3). strengthen 4). beneficial 5). strongest 6). sugary 7). weaknesses 8). digestion Ⅲ.重點詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料） 1. balance n. 天平，平衡；余額，余數(shù) v. 平衡；權衡 balanced adj. 均衡的 [典例] 1). Try to achieve a better balance between work and play. 爭取把工作和娛樂更好地結合起來。 2). I must check my bank balance (= find out how much money I have in my account). 我要核對一下我在銀行的余額（看我的帳戶上有多少錢）。 3). Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein. 多吃些水果, 少攝入些蛋白質, 使飲食均衡合理。 [重點用法] a balanced diet 均衡的飲食 keep the balance of nature保持生態(tài)平衡 keep one’ s balance保持平衡 lose one’ s balance (= be out of balance) 失去平衡 [練習] 用balance短語填空或翻譯。 1). He ______ ______ ______ and hurt himself when he went upstairs. 2). It is difficult to for you to ______ ______ _______ on an icy pavement. 3). 我們必須權衡利弊才做出決定。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). lost his balance 2). keep your balance 3). We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages before we decide. 2. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地 [典例] 1). Children have a natural curiosity about the world around them. 小孩子對他們周圍的世界有著天生的好奇心。 2). I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity. 我打開包裹只是為了滿足我的好奇心。 [重點用法] out of curiosity 出于好奇 with curiosity = curiously好奇地 be curious about sth. 對某事好奇 be curious to do sth. 好奇地做某事 [練習] 用curiousity的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). Margaret looked at him _______ _______. 2). She decided to try a cigarette _______ _______ _______. 3). All the employees in this firm _______ _______ ______ the personal life of the general manager. 4). ________ enough, he had never seen the little girl. 3). ________ drove Mary to open her husband’ s letter though she knew it was wrong. Keys: 1). with curiosity 2). out of curiosity 3). are curious about 4). Curiously 5). Curiosity 3. limit vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 無限制的 [典例] 1). The speed limit on this road is 70 mph. 這條路的車速限制是每小時70英里。 2). We must try and limit our expenditure. 我們必須設法限制我們的開支。 3). There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend. 我準備花多少錢是有限度的。 [短語歸納] limit短語： limit sb./sth. to... 限制某人/某事到某種程度 put a limit on... 對……限制 there is a limit to對……是有限的 without limit 無限地，無限制地 [練習] 用limit的短語或其適當形式填空。 1). One’s energy is ______. 2). ______ ______ ______ ______ (沒有止境) what you can do if you try. 3). We must _______ our weekly expenditure ______ ten pounds. 4). Only a _______ number of places are available. Keys: 1). limited 2). There’ s no limit to 3). limit; to 4). limited 4. benefit vt. 有益于 vi. 得益于（常與from, by連用） n. 利益，好處；津貼 1). The rain benefits the plants. = The plants benefit from the rain. 這場雨有益于植物。 2). This dictionary will be of great benefit to me. 這本字典將對我有很大的好處。 3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他說他寧愿挨餓也不要飯吃。 4). The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敵人正在企圖餓死我們。 [重點用法] be of great benefit to = be very beneficial to 對……有益 for the benefit of = for sb’ s benefit為了……的利益 benefit from 從……中受益 [練習] 用benefit或其短語的適當形式填空。 1). The new highway will ________ the villagers. 2). He will _________ the new way of studying. 3). The warning sign was put there _________ the public. Keys: 1). benefit 2). benefit from 3). for the benefit of 5. combine vt.&vi. (使)聯(lián)合；結合 combination n. 聯(lián)合；結合 combined adj. 聯(lián)合起來的 [典例] 1). We can’t always combine work with pleasure. 我們并不總是能在工作中享受到樂趣。 2). Circumstances have combined to ruin our plans for a holiday. 各種情況湊在一起破壞了我們的假日計劃。 [短語歸納] combine的短語： combine with sb./ sth. 與某人某物結合起來 combine together聯(lián)合起來 combine A with/and B 使A與B聯(lián)合起來 [練習] 用combine的短語或其適當形式填空。 1) A _______ of factors led to her decision to resign. 2) Success was achieved by the _______ efforts of the whole team. 3) As a writer, he _______ wit _______ passion. Keys: 1). combination 2). combined 3). combined; and/with Ⅳ.重點詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料） 1. be tired of = be fed up with = be sick of 對……厭煩了 [典例] 1). We are fired of hearing the old story. 這老話我們聽厭了。 2). I’ m tired of the same breakfast every day. 我厭倦了每天吃同樣的早餐。 [短語歸納] get/be tired of doing sth. 厭倦(做某事) get/be tired from doing sth 因……而疲倦 be tired out = be worn out 非常疲倦 [練習] 用tired短語的適當形式填空。 1). My eyes ______ ______ ______ reading in a poor light. 2). I ______ ______ ______ watching television; let’ s go for a walk. 3). I ______ ______ ______. Can we stop for a rest? Keys: 1). were tired from 2). am tired of 3). am tired/worn out 2. ought to aux. 應當；應該(沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形) [典例] 1). They ought to come tomorrow. 他們明天應當來。 2). He thought that they ought to take part in the design. 他認為他們應當參加設計。 3). He ought not to do it. / He oughtn’ t to do it.（否定形式）他不應該做這件事。 4). Ought we to do it at once?（疑問式）我們應該馬上做這件事嗎？ [練習] 按要求填空或翻譯。 1). He ought to be here, __________ he? (反意疑問句) 2). I’ m sorry. I ____________________ (本應該先給你打個電話) to tell you 1 was coming． 3). I ______________________ (本不該拜訪) her, but I missed her so much. Keys: 1). shouldn’ t / oughtn’ t 2). should / ought to have phoned 3). shouldn’ t / ought not to have visited 3. lose weight體重減輕；減肥 [典例] She is trying to lose weight. 她在努力減肥。 [短語歸納] weight短語及l(fā)ose短語： put on weight（指人）增加體重，長胖 be/take a weight/load off sb’ s mind使自己/某人如釋重負 lost heart 泄氣；灰心 lose one’ s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love 愛上；鍾情於…… lose one’ s life 喪生；遇害 lose one’ s balance 失去平衡 lose one’ s breath氣喘噓噓；上氣不接下氣 lose one’ s head 昏了頭，張皇失措，沖動 lose one’ s temper發(fā)脾氣 lose one’ s job 失業(yè) lose one’ s way: become lost 迷路 lose touch (with sb/sth) 失去和某人/事物的聯(lián)系 lose interest in sth/sb 對某事物/人失去興趣 lose sight of sb/sth 看不見某人/物；忽略或未考慮某事物 lose face 丟臉 [練習] 用weight短語及l(fā)ose短語的適當形式填空或填介詞。 1). He’ s ______ ______ ______ since he gave up smoking. 2). Paying my mortgage was an enormous weight ______ (介詞) my mind! 3). I’ ve ______ ______ ______ all my old friends. 4). Don’ t ______ ______ ______ --- keep calm! Keys: 1). put on weight 2). off 3). lost touch with 4). lose your head 4. get away with 偷攜某物潛逃；受到（較輕的懲罰）或逃避懲罰 [典例] 1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money. 他們搶劫銀行, 掠走了大批現(xiàn)款。 2) If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it. 考試作弊必予追究。 3). Nobody gets away with insulting me like that. 這樣侮辱我的人, 我是不會放過的. [短語歸納] get詞組： get down to 認真靜下心（工作） get on well with 相處融洽；(工作的) 進展好 get through 接通電話；辦完；完成 get up 起床；起身 get down to 認真地靜下心(工作) get over 克服，熬過，恢復 [練習] 用get詞組填空。 1). To my surprise, the baby wolf ______ ______ ______ the dogs and then managed to survive. 2). She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to _____ _____ _____ it. 3). Well, stop chatting. It’ s time we ______ ______ ______ some serious work. 4). The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will ______ ______ the shock soon. Keys: 1). got on well with 2). get away with 3). get down to 4). get over 5. tell a lie = tell lies 說謊 [典例] It’ s not right to tell a lie. 撒謊是不對的。 [短語歸納] tell短語和習語： tell jokes/ a joke講笑話 tell (sb.) a story給某人講故事 to tell (you) the truth 說實話(用以引出自白或承認的話 tell A from B: distinguish A from B 辨認A和B；辨別tell/know A and B apart 將A和B辨別開來 you can never tell 誰也不知道 there is no telling: it is impossible to know 不可能知道 tell you what 我說 (用以提出建議) I told you (so) 我提醒過你要出事；我早就跟你說過 [練習] 用tell詞組填空。 1). ______ ______ ______ ______, I fell asleep in the middle and didn’ t know how the story ended. 2). Can you _____ Tom _____ his twin brother? 3). There’ s no ______ (tell) what may happen. Keys: 1). To tell the truth 2). tell; from 3). telling 6. earn one’ s living = make one’s/a living 謀生 [典例] 1). They began to eam their living when they were very young. 他們很年輕的時候，就開始謀生了。 2). I earn my living by teaching English in the middle schoo1. 我靠在中學教英語謀生。 [練習] 根據(jù)句子意思及要求填空或翻譯。 1). He had to ______ ______ ______ by delivering newspaper in his youth. 2). He earned his living ______（介詞）a fisherman. 3). 這個小孩從10歲開始就自己謀生。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). earn his living 2). as 3). This poor child began to make his living at the age of ten. 7. in debt 欠債 [典例] 1). They are in heavy debt to the Bank of China. 他們欠中國銀行很多錢。 2). You saved my life: I am forever in your debt. 你救了我的命: 我永遠感恩不盡。 [短語歸納] debt短語和 “in + n.” 表示“在……（情況、狀況、狀態(tài)）中”： get/run into debt 欠債；負責 out of debt不欠債 run up huge debts高筑債臺 pay off one’ s debts還清債務 in danger 在危險中 in trouble陷入困境，倒霉 in order 井井有條 in surprise 吃驚 in public 當眾，公開 in ruins 呈廢墟狀態(tài) in sight 看見 in silence沉默著 [練習] 根據(jù)句子意思用debt短語和 “in + n.” 結構填空。 1). He ______ ______ ______ after he was out of work. 2). He did all he could to ______ ______ ______ ______ in five years. 3). He was ______ ______ when he was young, but has been ______ ______ ______ since he got rich. 4). James was ______ _______, but I don’t know how to help him out. 5). After the war, the whole city was _______ _______. Keys: 1). ran/got into debt 2). pay off his debts 3). in debt; out of debt 4). in trouble 5). in ruins 8. before long 不久以后 [典例] The dictionary will be published before long. 這本詞典不久就要出版。 [重點用法] long before 很久以前 long ago 很久以前 [練習] 根據(jù)句子意思填空。 1). That happened ______ ______. 2). I’ ve seen that film ______ ______. 3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but ______ ______ it proved to be practicable. Keys: 1). long ago 2). long before 3). before long Ⅴ.重點句子（旨在提供句子結構等所需材料） 1. Nothing could be better. 沒有什么比這更好的了。 [解釋] 此句中用比較級的否定形式表示最高級的含義。如： Nobody loves you more than I do. 沒有比我更愛你的人了。 I’ ve never heard a more beautiful voice. 我從沒有聽過更動聽的嗓子。 [練習] 根據(jù)句子意思及要求填空或翻譯。 1). 他從來沒有看過一部更令人激動的電影了。 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 沒有什么比旅游更令人愉快。 ________________________________________________________________________________________ Keys: 1). He had never watched a more exciting movie. 2). Nothing is more pleasant than traveling. 2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那樣到他店里吃飯，那問題一定嚴重了。 [解釋] 情態(tài)動詞 + have done 1). 情態(tài)動詞must +have done只用于肯定句中，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進行肯定的推測，意為“過去一定做過某事”。 It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因為路還濕著。 You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看過電影《淘金熱》。 2). 情態(tài)動詞can／could可用于否定句中，即can’ t have done ／couldn’ t have done，表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)的肯定的推測，意為“過去不可能做過，肯定沒做過”。 My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn’ t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在電影院遇見了他，所以他肯定沒參加你的演講． 3). 此外，can／could have done還可用于疑問句中表示對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)的不太有把握的推測，常表示“過去可能做過嗎?”(注意：表推測的情態(tài)動詞只有can／could常用于疑問句中) I can’ t find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where can he have gone? 我在辦公樓任何地方都找不到湯姆。他有可能去了哪里了呢？ 4). 情態(tài)動詞may／might +have done表示對已發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進行不肯定的推測，might語氣稍弱一點兒，只能用于肯定句和否定句中，表示“過去可能做過某事 或過去可能沒做過某事”。 You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在報上已經(jīng)看過這個消息了。 [練習] 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。 1). 一Where _______ Margaret _______ the empty bottles (can; put)? 一She _______ them away. They must be somewhere (can; throw). 2). 一_______he _______ as captain of the football team (can; choose)? 一Yes, he must have. 3). 一Hurry up, Michael! It’ s ten to three. —Goodness me! The class ______ (must; begin). I’ ll be late again. Keys: 1). can; have put 2). can’ t/ couldn’ t have thrown 3). must have begun 3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies. 他不能容忍永慧撒謊而逍遙法外。 [解釋] have sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事 have sb./sth. doing sth. 容忍某人或某物總是干 have sb./sth. do sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to) have sb./sth. done sth. 請人做某事(自己不去做或無法做)，(主語)遭受了不好的事情 [典例] 1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock this morning till now. 我讓他從早上八點一直在門外等候到現(xiàn)在。 2). I’ ll have him finish my work. 我將讓他替我把工作完成。 3). I had my hair cut. 我請人把我的頭發(fā)理了。 4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday. 昨天，這個婦女的手提包被搶了。 [練習] 用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。 1). To my despair, the doctor _____ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon(have;wait). 2). I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work (have; repair). 3). I can’ t ______ him ______ noise all the time (have, make). 4). Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess. (have, tidy) 5). The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday. (have; rob) Keys: 1). had; waiting 2). had; repair 3). have making 4). had; tidy 5). had; robbed 111