英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法分析.ppt

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專四語(yǔ)法 語(yǔ)法題目特點(diǎn) 比重 1 51 65題 2 用時(shí)7 5分鐘 3 易 難 語(yǔ)法命題新趨勢(shì) 難度大幅度降低 基本上不再有偏題 怪題 對(duì)語(yǔ)法辨認(rèn) 語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ) 的考查加強(qiáng) 近三年語(yǔ)法題目統(tǒng)計(jì) Myuncleisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork Heisnolongertheman hewasfifteenyearsago 2011 51A whichB whomC whoD that Facingtheboardofdirectors hedidn tdeny breakingtheagreement 2013 51A himB itC hisD its Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments tohimbeforelunch 2012 54 A besentB weresentC weretobesentD mustbesent Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword 復(fù)合詞 2013 53 A NonsmokerB Deadline C MeannessD Misfit Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood 2013 54A Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o clock B Sheusedtodrivetowork butnowshetakesthecitymetro C Walkstraightahead anddon tturntillthesecondtrafficlights D PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause 主語(yǔ)從句 2011 60A Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime B Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear C Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning D Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns 反身代詞 isusedasanappositive 同位語(yǔ) 2012 53A Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress B ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary C Ihavenothingtosayformyself D Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface 語(yǔ)法的核心 1 語(yǔ)法意識(shí) 2 語(yǔ)法分析 3 語(yǔ)法技巧 Evenanendwhichitwouldbenobletopursueifitwereattainedmaybepursuedunwiselyifitisinherentlyimpossibleofachievement 語(yǔ)法策略 1 扎實(shí)掌握基本語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ) 2 熟悉專四語(yǔ)法基本考點(diǎn) 3 做真題 多思考 找規(guī)律 語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)要求 真題 2004 2013 1 1上外出版1 2以2009 2013真題為主1 3效果 會(huì)背 會(huì)解釋 2 單項(xiàng)練習(xí) 英語(yǔ)專業(yè)四級(jí)語(yǔ)法新思維30天速成勝經(jīng) 3 合理安排時(shí)間 語(yǔ)法辨認(rèn) 一 詞性 術(shù)語(yǔ)功能 Whichofthefollowingdeterminers 限定詞 canbeplacedbeforebothsingularcountnounsandpluralcountnouns 2012 52A manyaB fewC thenextD such Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns 反身代詞 isusedasanappositive 同位語(yǔ) 2012 53A Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress B ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary C Ihavenothingtosayformyself D Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface 二 成分 術(shù)語(yǔ) 主 謂 賓 狀 補(bǔ) 定 同位語(yǔ)等功能做題技巧 弄清術(shù)語(yǔ) 分析結(jié)構(gòu) 比較選項(xiàng) Inthesentence It snousewaitingforher theitalicizedphraseis2010 61theobjectB anadverbialC acomplementD thesubject Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectcomplement 2010 63A ThedirectorsappointedJohnmanager B IgaveMaryaChristmaspresent C YouhavedonePeterafavour D SheisteachingchildrenEnglish Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobject 2011 58A Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtoher B Whodoyouthinkthevisitingprofessoris C Howmuchdoyouthinkheearnseverymonth D Howquicklywouldyousayhewouldcome Whichofthefollowingprepositionalphrasescanfunctionasanadverbial 2012 62A Despiteoftherain everyoneenjoyedthetrip B Themanwithabeardistalkingtothemanager C Everyprecautionwastakenagainstthefailureoftheplan D AreyousureofSimon sdisappearance Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns 反身代詞 isusedasanappositive 同位語(yǔ) 2012 53A Hepromisedhimselfrapidprogress B ThemanagerherselfwillinterviewMary C Ihavenothingtosayformyself D Theyquarreledthemselvesredintheface 2011 652012 57 58 59 64 三 功能 1 語(yǔ)氣功能2 語(yǔ)法功能 WhichofthefollowingsentencesisaCOMMAND 2011 52A Begyourpardon B Haveagoodtime C Neverdothatagain D Whatnoiseyouaremaking ThesentencethatexpressesOFFERis2011 64A I llgetsomedrinks What llyouhave B Doessheneedtobookaticketnow C MayIknowyourname D Canyoureturnthebooknextweek Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesindicatespurpose 2011 53A Shesaiditforfun butotherstookherseriously B Forallitseffort theteamdidn twinthematch C Lindahasworkedforthefirmfortwentyyears D HesetoutforBeijingyesterday Inphraseslikefreezingcold burninghot orsoakingwet the INGparticipleisused2011 55A asacommand B asacondition C forconcession D foremphasis 2010 512011 642012 55 四 句子類型 語(yǔ)法關(guān)系 Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause 主語(yǔ)從句 2011 60A Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime B Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear C Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning D Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays Whichofthefollowingcontainsanadverbialclauseofcause 2012 61A IgotajobassoonasIleftuniversity B Astherewasnoanswer Iwroteagain C YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou D Wealthyasheis Markisnotahappyman 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 一 形式 動(dòng)詞不定式 現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞 動(dòng)名詞 二 功能 一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中 已經(jīng)存在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 又沒有連詞的情況下 需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來修飾句子的其他成分 三 命題特點(diǎn) 1 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式 2 動(dòng)詞不定式的各種形式及應(yīng)用 3 ing結(jié)構(gòu) ed結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法功能 P136 4 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定結(jié)構(gòu)或習(xí)慣用法等 四 解題思路 一 首先抓住主謂結(jié)構(gòu)確定主句 沒有連接詞 只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)二 分析主動(dòng)被動(dòng)分析語(yǔ)態(tài)就是在確定主語(yǔ)之后 分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系 三 分析動(dòng)作先后要考慮動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后 即時(shí)態(tài) Ifnot withtherespecthefeelsduetohim Jackgetsveryill temperedandgrumblesallthetime 04 55A beingtreatedB treated C betreatedD havingbeentreated 04 76 Allflights becauseofthesnowstorm wehadtotakethetrain A havingcanceledB hadbeencanceledC werecanceledD havingbeencanceled 05 61 What sthechanceof ageneralelectionthisyear therebeingB theretobeC therebeD theregoingtobe 02 56 AIDSissaid thenumber onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsintheregion A beingB tobeC tohavebeenD havingbeen 獨(dú)立主格 1 Agricultureisthecountry schiefsourceofwealth wheat byfarthebiggestcerealcrop a isb beenc bed being 2 Time thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled a permitb permittingc permittedd permits 3 There nothingmorefordiscussion themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier a tobeb tohavebeenc beingd be 4 nocauseforalarm theoldmanwentbacktohisbedroom Therewasb Sincec Beingd Therebeing 5 Thecountry schiefexportsarecoal carsandcottongoods cars themostimportantofthese havebeenb arec beingd arebeing as的用法 as可以作連詞 介詞及關(guān)系代詞和副詞 1 as作連詞作 在 期間 當(dāng) 的時(shí)候 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 eg Astimewenton by shebecamemoreandmorebeautiful Aschildrengetolder theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedineverything 一 連詞 2 As Since作 既然 由于 解 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句 常用來表示已為人們所知或顯而易見的原因或理由 eg Ashe sbeenillforages Iwillhelphim As Sinceyou renotfeelingwell youmaystayathome Ashewasn tready wewentwithouthim 3 As inthewaythat 像 按照 的方式 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句 eg DoasItoldyou Remember youmustdoeverythingasIdo 4 用于as as或not so as as中 前一個(gè)as是副詞 后一個(gè)as是連詞 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句 book3 unit7 eg Theyhelpedtheoldasmuchaspossible Idon tspeakEnglishso aswellasshedoes 5 表示雖然 盡管等 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 常用倒裝語(yǔ)序 模式為 adj adv n as 主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 主句 eg Youngasheis heknowsmuch Tiredastheywere theywalkedon Girlasshewas shewasverybrave 1 表示好像 如 Hedressedasapoliceman 2 表示作為當(dāng)作 eg Ifoundajobasaguide 3 當(dāng)某人是某身份時(shí) eg Asachild shewassenttoabroad 二 as作介詞的用法 4 as引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)大多用作狀語(yǔ) as譯為 作為 少數(shù)情況可引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) eg AsaPartymember I lltaketheleadineverything 狀語(yǔ) Sheworksasamodel 狀語(yǔ) Shehasmeasoneofherbestfriends 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 表示正如 這一點(diǎn) 位置靈活 eg Heisverycareful asweallknow Asiswell known TaiwanbelongstoChina As是關(guān)系代詞 例1中的as作know的賓語(yǔ) 例2中 它充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式 三 as作關(guān)系代詞 2 當(dāng)先行詞被thesame such等詞修飾時(shí) 常用as來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句 eg Suchaclevergirlasshecanlearnanythingquickly Iwasreadingthesamebookasheboughtyesterday 1 表示與 等同 eg Thisdressistwiceasexpensiveasthatone 2 像 如等 eg Asbefore heremainedunmoved Suchanimalsasfoxesandsquirrelshavebushytails 四 作副詞的用法 suchas與assuch的區(qū)別 assuch的用法 1 表示 按照某詞通用的詞義 根據(jù)某詞嚴(yán)格的詞義 eg It snotanagreementassuch butitwillhavevirtuallythesameeffectasone 就協(xié)議的詞義而言 它算不上是協(xié)定 但實(shí)際上起到了協(xié)定的作用 Ican tcallmybookabestsellerassuchbutit sverypopular 我不敢說我的書是暢銷書 但可以說很受歡迎 2 表示 就本身而論 eg Moneyassuchwillseldombringhappiness 金錢本身很少帶來幸福 Money assuch doesnotbringhappiness 金錢本身并不給人帶來快樂 3 表示 以某種身份 或資格 像所指的人 或事物 那樣 eg Sheisakindwomanandisknownassuch 她是位好心腸的女人 這是大家知道的 Heistheauthorofthearticle buthedoesnotdesiretobeknownassuch 他是文章的作者 但他不想讓人知道他是作者 than的用法 than可以作介詞 連詞 一 than作介詞 用于名詞 代詞前表比較 二 than作連詞 WesternNebraskagenerallyreceiveslesssnowthan EasternNebraska 1996 inB itreceivesinC doesD itdoesin Theindoorswimmingpoolseemstobeagreatmoreluxuriousthan 1998 isnecessarybeingnecessarytobenecessaryD itisnecessary Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan inthepublicmindtoday 1999 existsB existC existingD toexist Theexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan 2002 A havebeenputinB beingputinC hasbeenputinD tobeputin Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully loadedtruck tothetruck 2003 A thegreaterstressisB greateristhestressC thestressisgreaterD thegreaterthestress 比較級(jí)的用法歸納 book3unit9 1 nomorethannotmorethanHehasnomorethanfivedollarsonhim 他身上僅有5美元 強(qiáng)調(diào)少 Hehasnotmorethanfivedollarsonhim 他身上帶的錢不超過5美元 強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)額少于5美元 2 nomore better thannotmore better thanHeisnomorediligentthanyou 他不勤奮 你也不勤奮 兩人都不勤奮 含有消極否定的意思 Heisnotmorediligentthanyou 他沒有像你那樣勤奮 兩人都勤奮 但你更勤奮 含有積極 肯定的意思 表示程度上的差異 3 nootherthan nolessthan只有 正是 它常用來加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣 多用于書面語(yǔ) TheLondonrestaurateurFuTongquotesnoother lessthananauthoritythanConfucius 4 與其說 不如說 的表述 more thanIt smoreapoemthanapicture notsomuch asIwasn tbotheredbyhisloudnesssomuchashislackoftalent 我不是被他的噪聲打攪 而是因他缺乏天賦而生氣 Thelearningisnotsomuchtheacquisitionofinformationasitisaninvestigation