新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè) lesson 4 筆記和答案

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1、新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè) lesson 4 An exciting tripLesson 4 An exciting trip 激動(dòng)人心的旅行課文內(nèi)容：I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australi

2、a. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Notes on the text 課文注釋1 He has been there for

3、six months. 他在那兒已經(jīng)住了6個(gè)月了。關(guān)于動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，可以參看第1冊(cè)第83至87課。2 a great number of, 許多，用于修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。3 in the centre of, 在中部。參考譯文我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來(lái)信，他正在澳大利亞。他在那兒已經(jīng)住了6個(gè)月了。蒂姆是個(gè)工程師，正在為一家大公司工作，并且已經(jīng)去過(guò)澳大利亞的不少地方了。他剛買了一輛澳大利亞小汽車，現(xiàn)在去了澳大利亞中部的小鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久還將到達(dá)爾文去，從那里，他再飛往珀斯。我弟弟以前從未出過(guò)國(guó)，因此，他覺(jué)得這次旅行非常激動(dòng)人心。自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀1He is working for a big fi

4、rm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. （他）正在為一家大公司工作，并且已經(jīng)去過(guò)澳大利亞的不少地方了。（1） work for指“在上班任職”：表達(dá)“上班”這個(gè)意思時(shí)還可以說(shuō)work at：She works at a department store.她在一家百貨商店上班。（2）a number of只能接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。通常，number前有g(shù)reat, large, good, small, certain等形容詞，數(shù)量大小也隨之改變：A large/ great n

5、umber of our students are Danish.我們的學(xué)生中有許多是丹麥人。There are a small number of spelling mistakes in your homework.你的家庭作業(yè)里有少數(shù)幾個(gè)拼寫錯(cuò)誤。2He will soon visit Darwin. 他不久還將到達(dá)爾文去。will 表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的事。這句話的時(shí)態(tài)是一般將來(lái)時(shí)。（cf. 第12課語(yǔ)法）下一句話From there, he will fly to Perth也是一般將來(lái)時(shí)。3My brother has never been abroad before, so he is

6、 finding this trip very exciting. 我弟弟以前從未出過(guò)國(guó)，因此，他覺(jué)得這次旅行非常激動(dòng)人心。（1）這句話由兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句組成，后一句由連詞so引導(dǎo)，為表示結(jié)果的狀語(yǔ)從句。（2）find作“發(fā)現(xiàn)”、“發(fā)覺(jué)”講時(shí)賓語(yǔ)往往帶補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（一般為形容詞），說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)等：I find the film very interesting.我覺(jué)得這電影很有趣。She found Tons room very dirty.她發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆的房間非常臟。She has already found herself wrong.她已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己錯(cuò)了。需要注意的是，find一詞很少用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

7、，一般用于過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)等。語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間概念有時(shí)是不確定的。（cf. 第1冊(cè)第8388課）我們所關(guān)心的是現(xiàn)存的結(jié)果，或者過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確表示過(guò)去的副詞（如ago, yesterday等）連用。經(jīng)常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的副詞和副詞短語(yǔ)有：before（now）（在此以前）；so far（到目前為止）；up to now （直到現(xiàn)在）；just（剛剛）；already（已經(jīng)）；lately（最近）；now（現(xiàn)在）；疑問(wèn)句和否定句中常用ever, yet, never, not ever等?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

8、經(jīng)常用于表示在短期內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的情況，因此往往不需要和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。試比較：2同位語(yǔ) (Appositives)一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)等）與另一個(gè)名詞（或短語(yǔ)）并列而作為其說(shuō)明或限定成分時(shí)稱為同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)與它所補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的成分之間用逗號(hào)隔開。課文中有兩句話含有同位語(yǔ)：I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.我剛剛收到弟弟蒂姆的來(lái)信。（Tim是my brother的同位語(yǔ)。它們指的是同一個(gè)人。Tim用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明my brother的名字）He has just bought an Australian car and has go

9、ne to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia.他剛買了一輛澳大利亞小汽車，現(xiàn)在去了澳大利亞中部的小鎮(zhèn)艾利斯斯普林斯。（在這句話中 a small town in the centre of Australia是Alice Springs的同位語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明這是個(gè)多大的鎮(zhèn)子，在什么地方）在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，同位語(yǔ)或者插入主句中，或者另譯為一句，很少像英語(yǔ)中那樣用逗號(hào)隔開。請(qǐng)參閱課文中兩個(gè)句子的譯文。同位語(yǔ)如果太長(zhǎng)，可以另譯為一句。如課文中第二個(gè)例句的后半部分可以譯為：“現(xiàn)在去了艾利斯斯普林斯。這是澳大利亞中部的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)?！蓖徽Z(yǔ)

10、的其他例子如：This is John, one of my best friends.這位是約翰。他是我最好的朋友之一。Mrs. Smith, my neighbour, has never been abroad.我的鄰居史密斯夫人從來(lái)沒(méi)有出過(guò)國(guó)。詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study1receive vt.（1）接到，收到，得到：When did you receive that letter?你什么時(shí)候收到那封信的？Susan received a gift/card this morning.今天上午蘇珊收到了一份禮物一張卡。receive是“收到”，指的是一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作，主觀上接受與不接受

11、并不清楚。take則是主動(dòng)地“拿”、“取”：He told me to take the keys from his pocket.他讓我從他口袋里把鑰匙拿出來(lái)。I received a beautiful pen from my uncle. My brother took it from me yesterday.我叔叔給了我一枝漂亮的鋼筆。昨天我弟弟把筆拿走了。（2）招待，接待：You need a large room if you are going to receive so many guests.如果你要接待這么多客人，你就需要一個(gè)大房間。We usually receive

12、guests on Saturday.我們通常星期六招待賓客。2different adj. (名詞為difference)（1）不同的，相異的（經(jīng)常與from連用）：Desks are different from tables.書桌與桌子不一樣。My room is different form yours.我的房間與你的不同。We are planning something different this year.我們今年有不同的打算。（2）各種各樣的，不同的：He has visited many different places in China.他去過(guò)中國(guó)的不少地方。This d

13、epartment store sells a large number of different things.這家百貨商店出售許多各種各樣的東西。練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises1關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案A 1 I have just had breakfast.2 He has been in prison for six months.3 The police have not caught the thief yet.4 You have (already) asked that question three times (already).5 Have you e

14、ver been to Switzerland?6 I have never been to Switzerland.7 He is a wonderful runner. He has broken two records so far .8 I havent seen George lately .C 1 He has just left the house .2 He has just had breakfast .3 She has just written a letter .4 My sister has just turned on the radio .5 My mother

15、has just made the bed .6 She has just bought a new hat.D 1 He hasnt washed the dishes yet .2 She hasnt made the beds yet .3 He hasnt combed his hair yet .4 She hasnt swept the carpet yet .5 We havent read Macbethyet .E 1 Have you seen the new play at The Globeyet ?2 Have you taken your holidays yet

16、?3 Have you read this book yet ?4 Have you done your homework yet ?5 Have you finished your work yet ?2 難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案1 received 2 received 3 took 4 taken 5 take3多項(xiàng)選擇題答案1d 2b 3a 4b 5b 6a7c 8b 9c 10a 11c 12c 課堂筆記【NEW WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS】生詞和短語(yǔ)excitingadj. 令人興奮的excite:激動(dòng)excited:-ed: 自己感到-ing:令人感到exciting boy

17、interesting manThe man is interesting.The news exciting,I am excited其賓語(yǔ)一定是人The news excited me.讓后面的人感到interesting:令人感到有趣的interested: 感到有意思的The book interests me.receivev. 接受，收到accept：同意接收receive:客觀的收到This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy,but I didnt acceptit.taketake the exam：接收考試；ta

18、ke advice接收建議receive/havereceive/have a letter from somebody.firmn. 商行，公司companydifferentadj. 不同的centren. 中心abroadadv. 在國(guó)外副詞，直接和動(dòng)詞連用go aroadlive abroadstudy abroad讀音語(yǔ)調(diào)要頓拙一些received a letter from just和完成時(shí)連用months one month two monthsIhave arrived in Beijing.has beenHe has been in Beijing for one year

19、.has been + in 地點(diǎn)He has been in America for tow years.連讀work for work in 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)work for強(qiáng)調(diào)workI am working for a school.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of :a lot ofa great number of 后面一定要加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)a lot of 可加可數(shù)名詞也可加不可數(shù)名詞i have a lot of friendsI have a great number of friends.has gon

20、e to :去了某地沒(méi)回來(lái)has been to :曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在不在那個(gè)地方Have you been to Paris?soon:很快（時(shí)間）from there:從那地方起from 即可以加時(shí)間又可以加地點(diǎn)from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth: go to Perth by airbefore副詞，在此之前現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志find trip excitingfind +賓語(yǔ)+形容詞做賓補(bǔ)find the room cleanfind her happyis finding Im fi

21、nding.語(yǔ)法精粹下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)、情緒、精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)believe;doubt see hear know understand belong thinkconsider feel look seem show mind have sound tasterequire possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和斷時(shí)間連用用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的：go come leave arrive第3課關(guān)鍵句型：一般過(guò)去式第4課關(guān)鍵句型：現(xiàn)在完成式第5課：一般過(guò)去式和現(xiàn)在完成式的相同點(diǎn)，不同點(diǎn)，用的時(shí)候要注意什么下面幾個(gè)詞一出

22、現(xiàn)就標(biāo)志著完成式：just before alreadyreceive take他到某地有多久了。He has been.I have been here for three years.find:發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到find the book dirtyfind+n.+a.【Multiple choice questions】(3).at.表示位置be at.(典型表示位置的介詞短語(yǔ)）go to.只要有to這個(gè)感念，它的后面一定要有賓語(yǔ)，go to the theatergo in.(in 做副詞）很小加賓語(yǔ)He went in.go into.有去向的動(dòng)作，還有進(jìn)入的動(dòng)作go into the roommove:搬家move in:搬進(jìn)來(lái)move to the new house:正在搬move into :搬進(jìn)去了(4).how long.對(duì)段時(shí)間提問(wèn)，跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相連have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞