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1、word初中英語介詞用法總括序號功能含義理解核心典型例句1表示時間在某段時間朝代、古今、世紀(jì)、年代、年、季、月、星期、早、下午、晚上、過去、將來等不具體的、模糊的大于1天的時間段。注意和at在這方面的區(qū)別：at指的是短于1天的時間點(diǎn)In Tang dynasty;in the 19th century;in 1980;in this year;in spring;in a week; in a month;in the morning2表示位置在某個地方國家、地區(qū)、省、市、區(qū)、太空、天空等(自然意義上的地方)In china;in huabei;in Beijing;in the sky在某個
2、場所車、教室、超市等(注意和at在這方面的區(qū)別，at一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接觸的地方)In the train; in the classroom;甲處于乙中除實(shí)物里面外，注意“光、燈、影、樹蔭、雨、森林，有全身置入某種環(huán)境之中的含義在內(nèi)。We are in the classroom;They are sitting in the shade of a tree；They are studying in the birghtlight.3表示將來在以后用在一般將來時中，是從“現(xiàn)在時間點(diǎn)往后.They will e back in 10 days4語言單位材料/關(guān)于“材料“
3、，注意和with在這個用法上的區(qū)別。(with偏向“工具，in偏向“材料)I wrote a novel in Russian；The length is measured in meter, and centimetre；This board was cast in gold.5狀態(tài)方面服飾/狀態(tài)：既可以指人的狀態(tài)，也可指物的狀態(tài)；方面：既可指具體，也可指抽象方面；服飾：尤以顏色和狀態(tài)常考He wasnt in good health,so talk in low voice.Our country in rich in natural resources;A good teacher mu
4、st be an example in studyHe is in red shoes today初中階段應(yīng)掌握的In的常見短語介詞短語in all 總計(jì);in general 一般來說；in time 與時；in advance 事前;in the meantime 與此同時;in place 適當(dāng)?shù)兀?in the hope of懷著希望;in connection with 和有關(guān);in contact with 和聯(lián)系;in addition to 除以外;in case of 倘假如，萬一;in conflict with 和沖突;in force 有效的，大批;in depth 徹
5、底地;in regard to 關(guān)于;in the neighborhood of 大約、鄰近;in retrospect 回顧，一想起;in behalf of 代表利益;in the long run 從長遠(yuǎn)說來;in ones opinion 在看來;in word 口頭上;in a word 總之;in vain 無益地, 白白地;in case 如果，萬一，以防;in detail 詳細(xì)地;in haste 急急忙忙地;in conclusion 總之；in spite of 盡管;in other words換句話說;in return 作為回報;in the name of 以名
6、義；be confident in 對有信心;be interested in 對感興趣;in doubt 懷疑;in love 戀愛中;in debt 負(fù)債;in hesitation 猶豫不決;in wonder 在驚奇中;in public (secret) 公開他(秘密地);in a good mood (情緒)好;in danger, in debt(負(fù)債),in a hurry；in stock(有庫存)；in peace(平安) (at peace和平),動詞短語believe in信任; break inbreak in 闖入,插嘴,打斷;bring in引起；產(chǎn)生；帶來;e
7、in進(jìn)來；流行；call in下令收回; take in吸收、卷起；訂閱，上當(dāng)，受騙； turn in上繳，歸還；fill in填充；get in收獲；succeed in成功；check in到達(dá)登記，cut in插嘴,插入；count in包括； draw in時間接近； drop in順路拜訪；give in投降、屈服； go in for 參加；愛好，追求；hand in 交上，上繳；pour in源源而來。序號功能含義理解核心典型例句1表示時間在某天或一天內(nèi)的某個時間段在星期幾、具體的某一天or某日的早、中、晚時間前有定語修飾On S);on May 12thth;on Wed.mo
8、rning;on a cold night;on childrenday(核心提示：所有的節(jié)日都是用on)2表示位置具體在上面與物體外表相接觸注意與aboveover的區(qū)別There are a lot of books on the shelf;On the face; on the head;on the floorfootball fieldplaygroudroadroofOn the farm on the market(?？?抽象在上面收音機(jī)、電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)、手機(jī)、問題、紙X所有有形的，無形的“新聞媒體上都是用onOn TV; on radio; surf on the interne
9、t;on the phone；You are wrong on all these issues在邊上左、右、兩邊On the left; on the right; on both sides; there is a hotel on the lake3表示狀態(tài)處于狀態(tài)人或者物的目前狀態(tài);On duty; on show; on fire; on strike; on sale;on business;on schedule; on time;on the country；on scale4表示關(guān)系關(guān)于文章or論著高中階段掌握On指專門論述注意和about相區(qū)別I want a book o
10、n South Africa.He wrote an article on the importance of birth control靠相當(dāng)于depend on的含義The people in the south live on rice;You cant afford the expensive ring on an ine of 1000 yuan a month; on foot5特定時間一就高中階段掌握相當(dāng)于as soon as+主語的含義On entering the room, he found his friends dancing；初中階段應(yīng)掌握In的常見短語介詞短語On
11、the spot當(dāng)場；立即；on the run在逃跑中；On the air在廣播中；on fire著火；on time準(zhǔn)時；on duty值日；on strike罷工； on sale上市；on the country相反地；on schedule按時間表，準(zhǔn)時; on business公事； on display在展出；on the one hand一方面；on the other hand另一方面； on ones way to在路上；on ones own=by oneself;on top of;and so on等等；on purpose故意，專門特別注意：乘坐交通工具都用by,
12、但on foot 步行；on horse騎馬；on donkey騎驢動詞短語Bring on引起，導(dǎo)致； call on 號召，拜訪；decide on 決定;depend on依靠，取決于；get on上車；相處；進(jìn)展;go on繼續(xù); get on with進(jìn)展，相處； look on旁觀，觀望；look onas把看/當(dāng)作;look down on看不起，輕視；pass on傳遞，傳交；hand on傳遞下去；put on 表演，上演；戴/穿上；假裝；take on 呈現(xiàn)，具有；流行；承當(dāng)，雇用；turn on打開燈，氣，水，電器等；work on 繼續(xù)工作, 鉆研學(xué)問或技術(shù);carry
13、 on繼續(xù)開展，堅(jiān)持;hold on 繼續(xù)；()不掛斷；抓牢，堅(jiān)持;try on試穿。序號功能含義理解核心典型例句1表示時間在時刻歲時In是時間段，at是時間點(diǎn)，相對更準(zhǔn)確At noon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;at breakfast;at supper;at dinner;at the moment;at the same time;at once;at the beginning of;at the end of;at the age of; at daybreak；at sunrise;at sunset; at 7 oclockat
14、on the weekend?？?表示地點(diǎn)在位置或場所家、腳、角、店、站、口、底、中心、核心at the foot of;at the corner of ;at the crossroads;at the gate of;at he bottom of;at the top of;at the center of; at a distance;at the edge of ;at home;at the barbars;at the airport;at the station;at 405 Victory Road 3表示度速度以速度The car ran at 120miles an h
15、our; At full speed溫度在度Water usually boils at 100;at 10 degrees centigrade價格按價格The pen was sold at a good price; at low cost4表示方向朝，向表示動作的方向Aim at向.瞄準(zhǔn)；shout at向.大喊；throw at向.扔；smile at向.微笑；rush at向.沖去;fire at向.開火5表示原因由于高中階段掌握一般用在系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，對形容詞的原因進(jìn)展說明I was surprised at the news;He was discouraged at his fa
16、ilure6表示能力擅長于固定考點(diǎn)：be good at;be bad at;an expert atHe is good at drawing(at后接名詞或動名詞)初中階段應(yīng)掌握In的常見短語介詞短語at first 首先，開始時；at last;at most;at least 至少；at all events 無論如何；at home 在家，無拘束；at a loss 不知怎辦；at any rate 不管怎樣；at length 詳細(xì)地；be at high tide 處于高潮期；at our invitation 應(yīng)我們的邀請；at our request 應(yīng)我們的請求；at th
17、e news 聽到這消息；at the risk of 冒危險；at a great expense 以巨大費(fèi)用；at intervals of 每隔；at the sight of 一見到at the point of 接近，靠近；at the thought of 一想到；at the speed of 以速度；at the cost (price) of 以為代價；at leisure 閑著、失業(yè)；at stake 在危險中、在成敗關(guān)頭；at bottom 實(shí)際上、本質(zhì)上；at short notice 一得到通知;at seeing us 看到我們；at the present sta
18、ge 在現(xiàn)階段；at the weekend 周末；at all times 永遠(yuǎn)；動詞短語call at訪問某地；e at襲擊，攻擊;get at意指，本意是；理解；到達(dá);knock at 敲打門窗，敲擊;look at看;work at從事, 致力于, 鉆研;laugh at嘲笑；glare at怒目而視； glance at匆匆一瞥；point at指向序號含義理解核心典型例句1關(guān)于、有關(guān)This is a book about how to study english2大約, 近于表示時間或數(shù)量I will be with you in about 3minutes;There are
19、 about 30students in the classroom.3到處，在周圍，附近相當(dāng)于here and thereHe walked about the street.4What about?(習(xí)慣用語)About為介詞，所以后接動詞ing形式What about taking a break?動詞短語go about著手,四處走走;set about著手，開始;worry about為擔(dān)心; e about 發(fā)生;care about關(guān)心、在意; bring about引起，帶來,導(dǎo)致;knock about漫游；look about四處看看，四處環(huán)顧；set about doin
20、g著手做，開始；turn about向后轉(zhuǎn)；think about考慮是否去做；argue about爭論; know about了解;hear about聽說;ask about詢問;chat about閑聊;quarrel about爭吵;speaktalk about談?wù)?plain about報怨序號含義理解核心典型例句1高于，在之上表示位置、地位、年齡、價格、量(重、數(shù)、度)、音調(diào)等The mountain is 2000meters above the sea level位置;I know youre above me socially, but I must say you ar
21、e rude man(職位)The old lady is above eighty年齡;There are above forty girl students in the class數(shù)量;Our private car weighs 1.8tons(重量)；Any money earned over that level is taxed(度量)2非能力所與，超出能力、行為、品質(zhì)等The maths problem is above me;Honest above everything else;He is above doing such things(他不至于做出那樣的事情來)介詞短語
22、Above all首先，最重要的是，最要緊的是；He was above all a good and tireless writer; above all, we must be health序號含義理解核心典型例句1橫過、穿過表示動作的方向He swam across the river;The policeman helped the old man walk across the street.2在對面，在那一邊表示位置上的對應(yīng)關(guān)系，在隔著的對面He lives across the street;Japan lies across the pacific ocean常見短語e acr
23、oss偶遇；get across橫穿馬路；能理解，被聽懂；run across偶遇，橫跨；序號含義理解核心典型例句1撞到、緊靠表示動作的方向，有靠、撞擊的意思I have hit my head against a wall;She stood with her back against the tree;The rain beat against the windows2反、逆、違背反對贊成的反義逆方向;違背意愿等Are you for or against the plan?There were 20 votes for her and 12 against her;He is swimm
24、ing against this current.She did it against her own will3以防大學(xué)階段掌握此用法They saved money against old age.4表示陪襯(高中階段掌握此用法)The red flag is fluttering against the blue sky;His red clothes stook out clearly against the snow.常見短語Go against違反、違背、反對；stand against反對，不支持；turn against轉(zhuǎn)而反對，背叛；run against違反，偶然遇到；fi
25、ght against與斗爭； over against正對著，在對面 fe: he lived over against the school序號含義理解核心典型例句1時間、順序、位置在之后表時間時，后面跟的是個時間點(diǎn)After breakfast he ordered a taxi.Shut the door after you;After you,please.A few kilometres after the village, turn right to Montelabate2探求、追求、追尋、找與be動詞或其它動詞合用時，有此含義A police is running after
26、 a thief;He is after a job at our place;I think he is only after money.What are you after? I am looking for my wallet.3按照、仿照、依照、效仿相當(dāng)于according to的含義Make sentence after the exampleThat was a play after Shakespeare.They named the building after the scientist.4由于，盡管高級用法，高中階段掌握After failing in the last
27、two English tests,he made up his mind to spend more time on English study.After all his efforts,John has failed.常見短語介詞短語Day after day日復(fù)一日；year after year年復(fù)一年；One after nother一個接一個地，相繼；after a little/moment/while過了一會；after all畢竟，終究；after ones heart合的心；after service售后服務(wù)，after the fashion勉強(qiáng)(fe:He can s
28、peak and write English after a fashion他多少會說一些英語但不太好)； 動詞短語Look after照顧，照看；take after相像，長得像，效仿John takes after his dad；ask after問候, be after尋求,do(sth.)after學(xué)著做，go after設(shè)法得到, inquire after問候, run after追求, seek after追逐序號含義理解核心典型例句1 順著，沿著表具體：沿著具體物體的邊緣We walked along the street.2順著，沿著表抽象：沿著抽象事物的方向開展該用法為a
29、long的副詞用法My life is going along nicely常見短語1.Along with與一起(fe:The babys mother escaped from the fire along with two other children)；2.all along一直fe:Ive been fooling myself all along3.bring along把帶來，領(lǐng)來;使開展Did you bring along some books?4.e along 出現(xiàn)；沿著過來；加油；進(jìn)展5.get on / along with.進(jìn)展；相處序號含義理解核心典型例句1在之中
30、；在.中間表具體：三者或者三者以上之中I found him among the crowdPlease divide the cake among you four表抽象Most important among the countrys problems is the lack of health facilities.2之一相當(dāng)于one of的功能Einstein is among the greatest scientists備注-among 與between的區(qū)別：三者與兩者之間的區(qū)別。但在如下情況，between 可用于三者：(1) 當(dāng)兩個以上的人或物用 and 連接時：betwee
31、n A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之間；(2) 涉與事物之間的區(qū)別或各國之間的關(guān)系時：the difference between the three of them 他們?nèi)咧g的區(qū)別the relations between various countries 各國之間的關(guān)系；(3) 表示“由于合作的結(jié)果時：Between them they landed the fish. 他們協(xié)力把魚拖上了岸。(4) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享之類的動詞之后，假如接一個表示三者或三者以上的復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，用 among between 均可：He divided his mone
32、y among between his five sons. 他把錢分給了5個兒子。序號含義理解核心典型例句1作為，當(dāng)作注意和as for的區(qū)別(as for為至于，關(guān)于)Dont treat me as a child;I speak now as a friend,not as a teacher.As for me, I dont mind going there by train;2當(dāng)時候，在同時as當(dāng)“連詞時的用法The play started as I got there;As I was a child,I liked singing very much3正如，就像As you
33、 can see,we are still working.因?yàn)?，由于We have a very wonderful TV, but we hardly watch it as we have so much housework to do.備注1. As.as 像.一樣 fe: the little girl over there looks as beautiful as my daughter;2. as long as只要(fe:As long as you can keep away from them, youre safe)3. as a matter of fact adv.
34、 事實(shí)上fe:Im leaving for Beijing tomorrow, as a matter of fact.4. as a whole adv. 總體上(fe:We must consider these matters as a whole)5. as far as adv. 遠(yuǎn)到， 直到， 至于(6. As if 好象似的 仿佛一樣7. as well as adv. 也，又8. as well 也 fe:Water is colourless, air as well9. not so much.as. 與其說.不如說是.(fe:He is not so much a wri
35、ter as a reporter)10. such as 像， 例如；譬如；諸如fe:Many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free11. look on.as 把.看作.序號含義理解核心典型例句1在以前；在前面；在之前表示時間We have to finish the work before 10 oclock.He made a speech before a lot of audienceHe arrived before me.表示位置表示順序2以前，以往此時Before做副詞She had never been
36、 to Italy before3在以前此時before做連詞I want to think it over before I decide about it常用短語1. before long 不久； fe:I hope to see you again before long2. long before很久以前 (fe:Weve seen that film long before)序號含義理解核心典型例句1比晚；遲于表示時間Your ideas are behind the times;He arrived ten minutes behind time.2在后面表示位置He hide
37、himself behind the tree.There is someone behind you.3落后于，低于，不如表抽象：表示力量、能力等I am far behind you in EnglishJohns behind the rest of the class in reading.4支持；作為的后盾此時相當(dāng)于support的作用He had his mother behind him.常用短語1.behind schedule 不準(zhǔn)時2.behind the times 過時的3.behind the curtain 在幕后4.far behind 在后面很遠(yuǎn)，把遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的甩在身
38、后5.left behind 遺留，留下被動語句中更常用序號含義理解核心典型例句1在以下具體：表示位置below含某個水平線或水平面以下的意思，而under是某個物體以下Dont write your answer below this line;Fish were swimming below the surface of the water.2低于，在.以下表示年齡He cant be below fifty.3表示能力、級別、價值、程度、數(shù)量等He is below me in the class;His ine is below the average ine in the area；
39、During the night,temperatures dropped below zero.序號含義理解核心典型例句1在旁邊；在.附近表具體位置：表示地點(diǎn)He sat beside her all night;I want to buy a beautiful beside the river.2和相比引申用法(大學(xué)階段掌握)Beside his ,my trouble is nothing;My work condition looks poor beside hers短語Be beside oneself (with sth)因而忘形，失去控制I was beside myself
40、with joy.序號含義理解核心典型例句1除.以外還有注意和except的區(qū)別except 用來引出陳述中唯一不適用的事物、情形、人或想法，是從整體中除去；而besides只是特別強(qiáng)調(diào)而已Besides English ,we have to study math,Chinese and so on.Besides cancer, smoking can lead other diseasesShe is a nice girl except a bit ugly. There wasnt anything in the box except a few dirty clothes2另外，再
41、說此時當(dāng)副詞I dont like that new dictionary, besides, its too expensive序號含義理解核心典型例句1在之間兩者(常和and常用)具體：表示時間、位置、數(shù)量The lunch hour is between 11 and 13pm;Shanxi province is between henan and gansuThe temperature is between 25 degree and 30 all week2抽象：表示比擬、分配、關(guān)系、性質(zhì)等Whats the differencde between women and man?T
42、hey shared the chocolate between the two of them;The relations between teachers and students are excellentMy job is between a secretary and a personal assistant.序號含義理解核心典型例句1在的那邊；在以外；表示具體位置：在某物體的X圍之外The airport is 20miles beyond the town;What lies beyond the mountains?2超出，高于表示抽象的X圍、限度等This book is b
43、eyond me;He is living beyond his ine;The beauty of West Lake ia beyond words;The watch is damaged beyond repair3過了，比.晚，遲于表示時間He came home beyond the usual time;序號含義理解核心典型例句1除了.；除了.之外She has no choice but to cry.2常用短語Not onlybut also 不但而且He not only studies hard but also works well；Not only did he ma
44、ke a promise, but also he kept it倒裝序號含義理解核心典型例句1在.旁邊，身邊表示位置，相當(dāng)于beside的意思只是by可以用于引申含義He stood by the window and look out over the fields;I havent got any money by me.2到時候?yàn)橹梗郧氨硎緯r間(跟時間點(diǎn))He is sure to e by 3 0clock.The homework need to be ready by next Friday.3按； 以表示標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，度量，數(shù)量In America many workers were
45、 paid by the week;Dont judge a man by his clothes/looks;The cotton crop has increased by 25% this year4乘、靠、用、以、通過、被表示方法、方式、手段等海、陸、空、車、偶、被by land (air, sea, water, bus) 陸路(航空，水陸，水路，乘公共汽車)；by chance 偶然by accident 偶然，無意中The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein.I will contact you by letter/phone
46、5相差表示程度高級用法，大學(xué)階段掌握He missed the train by five minutes;He is taller than his father by 2 centimeters動詞短語1. call by 順道訪問；2. e by 從旁走過；3. go up by 上升到了4. go by(從旁)走過/經(jīng)過；依照，遵循；順便走訪；5. pass by 經(jīng)過6. stand by 支持某人；袖手旁觀；7.介詞短語By and by 不久以后；By mistake由于過失導(dǎo)致；Day by day一天天地By oneself 獨(dú)自地；By the way順便問一句Little by little逐漸地，一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地；One by one一個一個地；Side by side 肩并肩；Hand by hand手拉手Learn by heart記住13 / 13
【資料分享】初中英語之20個常見介詞用法
