《八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit8 語(yǔ)法》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit8 語(yǔ)法（30頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、Grammar FocusHave you read Little Women yet?Yes,I have./No,I havent.Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?Yes,she has.She thinks its fantastic.Have you decided which book to write about yet?Yes,I have.Ive already finished reading it.It was really good.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句一
2、般疑問(wèn)句：have/has?Yes,I have.No,I havent.Yes,she has.No,she hasnt.1.過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。和和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等狀語(yǔ)等狀語(yǔ)連用。連用。動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+v過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞have breakfastI have just had my breakfast.(現(xiàn)在我不餓現(xiàn)在我不餓)Im not hungry nowmoved herein 2004I still live here nowpast現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法
3、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法:(1)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。或結(jié)果。I have already read Treasure Island.I have returned the book to the library.I have bought a new house.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):(1)用副詞用副詞already和和yet。already一般用于一般用于肯定句中肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。一般用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。We have already finished our homew
4、ork.We havent finished our homework yet.Have you finished doing your homework yet?already一般用于肯定句，用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)表示驚訝，出乎意料。常放于句中，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞之后。yet一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。常放在句尾，not yet常用在答語(yǔ)中，意為“尚未；還沒(méi)有”。(2)用用ever和和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中,表示表示“曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)”或或“從未從未”等。等。Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？No,I h
5、ave never been to the Great Wall.不不,我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。No,never.不，不，從來(lái)沒(méi)有。從來(lái)沒(méi)有。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):(3)用副詞用副詞just和和before。I have just finished my homework.They have never visited the Great Wall before.Have you ever been to Hong Kong before?(4)用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如如so far/up to now,in the past
6、/last few years等等。So far we have learned seven unitsDeqing has changed a lot in the past/last few years.everjustalreadyyete.g.Have you _been to Japan?I have _ finished my homework.I have finished my homework _.I havent finished my homework _.（5）.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此有此類(lèi)副詞時(shí)類(lèi)副詞時(shí),常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成
7、常強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成,不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或保存的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（如：不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用（如：in 1990in 1990，last Sunday last Sunday 等）。等）。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在
8、現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系（即動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束），它可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。束），它可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別：have/has+V過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)把過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來(lái)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)把過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果聯(lián)系起來(lái)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)只限于表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作本身一般過(guò)去時(shí)只限于表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作本身,與現(xiàn)在與現(xiàn)在 的結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān)。的結(jié)果無(wú)關(guān)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)在意義上現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)在意義上 的區(qū)別舉例如下：的區(qū)別舉例如下：I have cleaned my room.(My room is clean n
9、ow.)我已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)我的房間了。我已經(jīng)打掃過(guò)我的房間了。I cleaned my room last week.(I did it in the past.)我上周打掃了我的房間。我上周打掃了我的房間。Father has gone to Amoy.(He went to Amoy and he is not here now.)爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門(mén)了。爸爸已經(jīng)去廈門(mén)了。They have bought a dictionary.(They bought a dictionary and they have it now.)他們買(mǎi)了一本字典。他們買(mǎi)了一本字典。注意注意:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的
10、狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如如:yesterday,last,year,in 1976,two days ago,just now,when she came in 等等)連用連用，但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)但可以和不明確指出時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(如如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等等)連用連用；也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也可以和表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如：如：today,this morning,this week,this year等等)連用連
11、用。She has already finished her work.她已經(jīng)把工作做完了。她已經(jīng)把工作做完了。I havent read the story yet.我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)故事。我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)故事。Have you met him before?你從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？你從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他嗎？Lily has always been a good student.Lily一直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。一直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。比較：比較：I have seen him this morning.我上午看見(jiàn)他了。我上午看見(jiàn)他了。(說(shuō)話時(shí)在上午說(shuō)話時(shí)在上午)I saw him this morning.今天上午我遇見(jiàn)了他。
12、今天上午我遇見(jiàn)了他。(說(shuō)話時(shí)可能是下午或者晚上說(shuō)話時(shí)可能是下午或者晚上)It has been cold this winter.今天冬天一直很冷。今天冬天一直很冷。(說(shuō)話時(shí)仍是冬天說(shuō)話時(shí)仍是冬天)NEXT把下列動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞：read-clean-do-watch-eat-wash-go-finish-see-arrive-find-start-readreadcleaneddidcleanedwatchedwatchedateeatenwashedwashedwentgonefinishedfinishedsawseenarrivedarrivedfoundfoundstarte
13、dstarteddoneExercisesBACKExercises:1.I have already watched the game show.(改為否定句）改為否定句）I _ _ the game show _.2.Sally saw the film last week.(改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）Sally _ _ the film before.3.Tom has already finished doing his homework.(改為一般改為一般疑問(wèn)句）疑問(wèn)句）_ Tom _doing his homework_?4.Have they washed the clot
14、hes yet?(做肯定回答）做肯定回答）_,_ _.5.Has your brother eaten lunch?(做否定回答）做否定回答）_,_ _.havent watchedyethasseenHasfinishedyetYestheyhaveNohehasntFill in the blanks(用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1._you _(find)your English book yet?2.I_(start)to make the plane an hour ago.But I_(not finish)it yet.3._ he _(arrive)at
15、the train station yet?4.When _ you _(read)the book?Two days ago.5.How clean the room!Im sure that someone _(clean)it.6._ you _(see)the film Harry Potter?Not yet.Ill see it this Sunday.7.We _(go)to the zoo last weekend.Havefoundstartedhavent finishedHasarriveddidreadhas cleanedseenwentHave 句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.
16、I have finished my homework.I _ _ my homework.(改為否定改為否定句句)_ you _ your homework?(改改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答)Yes，_ _.答案：答案：1.havent finished Have；finished；I have2.His dream has come true.(改為一般疑問(wèn)改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答句并作否定回答)-_ his dream _ true?-No，_ _.答案：答案：2.Has；come；it hasnt 單項(xiàng)選擇。單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Have you taken out
17、 the trash,Belly?_.Ill do it right away.A.Sorry,I have B.No,I didnt C.No,I dont D.Not yet()2.Have you _ visited Shanghai?No,_.A.ever;not B.never;not C.ever;never D.never;everDC()3.Have you washed your clothes _?No,I havent.But I have cleaned the room _.A.ago;already B.yet;yet C.before;yet D.yet;alre
18、adyD(2010.河北省卷河北省卷,41.1)My brother left school in 2005,and since then he in Beijing.A.lives B.lived C.will live D.has livedD()【2013廣西貴港廣西貴港】Do you know the movie Lost in Thailand?Yes.I _ it twice.Its funny.A.saw B.see C.have seen D.will see C()【2013黑龍江牡丹江黑龍江牡丹江】Lunch?No,thanks.I_.A.will eat B.am eating C.have eaten()【2013 湖北黃岡湖北黃岡】Where is Tom?We cant find him anywhere.Perhaps he _ home.A.has come B.is going C.went D.was goingCAHomeworkRetell what you did yesterday and what you have done now.
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)Unit8 語(yǔ)法
